高考英语语法填空专项训练及答案及解析

高考英语语法填空专项训练及答案及解析

一、高中英语语法填空

1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China's transformation from a traditional ________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China's industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________ aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods.

China's factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.

China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and

electric equipment,________ the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China's industry________(compete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country's industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.

【答案】 was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has competed has been competing；development

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型，在产业结构调整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。

（1）考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时，且主语the People's Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。

（2）考查形容词。society为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填agricultural。

（3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which，填which 。

（4）考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Currently。

（5）考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，“大量……”，故填quantities。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。

（7）考查冠词。句意：中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。country为可数名词，此处表泛指“一个国家”，且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。

（8）考查连词。句意：最重要的出口产品是机电设备，而最重要的进口产品是原材料。表示前后对比应用while；或表示承接关系用连词and。故填while或and。

（9）考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知本句为完成时态，表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has competed；或表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在，不曾间断，用现在完成进行时，主语为单数，故填has been competing。

（10）考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词形式，故填development。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇政治经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当 内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

China's first artificial intelligence (Al) textbook for high school students ________(bring) out last week, following a plan by central government ________(include) Al courses in primary and secondary school. The nine - chapter textbook, ________(name) \" Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence\" , was written by outstanding ________(scholar) from well - known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup SenseTime. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security.

\"The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on ________(practice) use of Al in daily life,\" said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, ________ is also a contributor to the book.

Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country ________(undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program ________ introducing the textbook in the curriculum. \"The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ________(global). The publication of the book is ________breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the 'Ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning,\" said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of .

【答案】 was brought；to include；named；scholars；practical；who；have

undertaken；by；globally；a

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能教科书开始进入中国高中课堂。

（1）考查时态语态。句意：紧接着把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。分析句子可知，此处是谓语动词，根据last week判断为一般过去时，主语textbook和bring out之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was brought。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：紧接着把人工智能课程纳入初高中课程的计划，中国第一本人工智能教材上周出版了。根据句意可知，此处应译为“……的计划”，所以用不定式作为名词plan的后置定语。故填to include。

（3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语textbook和name(命名)之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。故填named。

（4）考查名词。scholar“学者”是可数名词，联系上下句此处应是很多学者编写了这本书，故用复数形式。故填scholars。

（5）考查形容词。分析句子可知，句中use是名词，应用形容词修饰。故填practical。

（6）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Chen Yukun，从句___6___ is also a contributor to the book.缺少主语，故用关系代词

who/that，但非限不能用that。故填who。

（7）考查时态。根据up till now“到目前为止”判断为现在完成时，主语high schools是复数，故用have done。故填have undertaken。

（8）考查介词。句意：到目前为止，已经有大约40所高中通过把教科书引入课程承担起了第一批人工智能高校试点工程。根据句意可知，此处应译为“通过引入教科书进课程”，表达“通过”常用介词by。故填by。

（9）考查副词。分析句子可知，此处是修饰前面的整个句子，故用副词形式。故填globally。

（10）考查冠词。breakthrough是可数名词，此处译为“一个突破”,且该词是辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，定语从句，副词，时态，介词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very ________ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great heritage sites well reserved.

Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake ________ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful ________ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl.

If you want to enjoy ________ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sight you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it.

There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal ________ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night.

At last there is a love tale ________ happened at West Lake. It is said that a white snake changed into a beautiful lady, who ________ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian for ________ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together ________ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower and the couple had no chance ________ (meet) again.

【答案】 important；is；sights；the；to；which；was called；saving；happily；to meet

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。

（1）考查形容词。句意：杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，所以它有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词role应用形容词，故填important。

（2）考查主谓一致。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词West Lake，谓语用单数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。

（3）考查名词。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。根据上文的one of the可知后跟复数名词表示“……其中之一”，故填sights。

（4）考查冠词。句意：如果你想欣赏整个西湖，你需要看三种景观。此处the是定冠词，表示特指，修饰whole West Lake。故填the。

（5）考查介词。句意: 有句话说，阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖，多雨的西湖也不如夜晚的西湖美丽。be equal to固定短语，“与……相等”。故填to。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：最后有一个爱情故事，发生在西湖。此处which是关系代词，引导非性定语从句，修饰先行词tale，在从句中做主语，故填which。

（7）考查时态语态。句意：据说，白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士，她叫白素贞。此处句子主语是who，指的是lady，与call是被动关系，故用被动语态，且事情发生在过去应用一般现在时，主语为a beautiful lady，故填was called。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：她愿意报答五百年前许仙救了她的命。此处作介词for的宾语应用动名词。故填saving。

（9）考查副词。句意：然后她嫁给了他，幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词living 应用副词，故填happily。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：白素贞被关在了雷峰塔，这对夫妇再也没有机会见面了。have chance to do sth.固定短语，“有机会做某事”。故填to meet。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，主谓一致，名词，冠词，介词，定语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ever wondered how many calories are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have ________ (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (搞笑诺贝尔奖) have got the answers.

He Ig Nobel Prizes, founded in 1991, are to honor achievements ________ first make people laugh, and then make them think, The ceremony ________ (take) place at Harvard University every year. Winners' acceptance ________(speech) are limited to 60 seconds, ________ (strict) policed by an eight-year-old girl.

The honored research might seem ridiculous ________ first sight, but that doesn't mean it lacks scientific value. For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces was important ________ (discover) failure in bridge spans (跨度) or human bones And a follow-up paper ________ (publish) by MIT physicists several years later. But people are more

likely to read about ________ (break) spaghetti than to read an academic paper. Even when there is no immediate usefulness, ________ is still good to encourage people to observe and think.

【答案】 bigger；that/ which；takes；speeches；strictly；at；to discover；was published；breaking；it

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，搞笑诺贝尔奖听起来似乎很搞笑,但是这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。

（1）考查形容词。句意：或者想知道为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大? 根据句意和than可知这里要用形容词的比较级,故填bigger。

（2）考查定语从句。分析可知空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词为achievements,指物。空格处在句中做主语所以要用that或者which引导这个定语从句,故填that/which。

（3）考查主谓一致和时态。分析可知take在句中做谓语。这里介绍的是一般事实,要用一般现在时。主语the ceremony为单数,谓语动词也要用单数,故填takes。

（4）考查名词。speech为可数名词,根据后面的are判断这里要用其复数形式,故填speeches。

（5）考查副词。空格处修饰动词police要用副词,故填strictly。

（6）考查介词。句意：乍一看,这项久享盛名的研究似乎很荒谬,但这并不意味着它缺

乏科学价值。at first sight固定短语，\"乍一看；一看到.......就\故填at。

（7）考查非谓语动词。这里使用了sth/sb+be+adj+to do的结构,故填to discover。

（8）考查语态时态。本句的事情已经发生,事情发生在过去要用一般过去时。谓语动词publish和主语a follow-up paper是被动关系,要用被动语态。a follow-up paper是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。故填was published。

（9）考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后面的动词要用动名词形式,故填breaking。

（10）考查代词。句意：即使没有立竿见影的效果,鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。根据句意,分析可知在主句中,to encourage people to observe and think是真正的主语,要用it做形式主语,故填it。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，定语从句，主谓一致，名词，副词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

5．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

This is where my kids grew up

For years now, I've been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is more than just a building. In the front room, there's a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines. Every growth stage ________(mark) in pencils, with each child's name and the date.

Of all the objects and all the memories, it's this one thing in a home that's ________(hard) to leave behind. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends I know have visited their previous home only ________(discover) their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years, I've talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, ________ the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing. So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do ________ about it.

They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer ________ work is about capturing the beautiful things in life. She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, ________(take) photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints, and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph ________ we had experienced in all those years. Afterwards, she put all

the photos together into one image, ________(transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.

Three weeks later, my children's wonderful gift made its way to me —________ life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.

【答案】 is marked；the hardest；to discover；even though/ even if；something；whose；took；what；transforming；a

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了家里有孩子成长的历程，所以舍不得搬家，后来孩子把墙上的痕迹拍照合成了图像留作纪念。

（1）考查时态语态。根据语境可知，本句描述的是现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语Every growth stage与动词mark之间是被动关系，故填is marked。

（2）考查形容词。根据上文的“Of all the objects and all the memories”可知，此处是指所有物品和记忆里面，墙上的铅笔线条是最难割舍的，因此，此处用形容词的最高级。故填the hardest。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：我认识的朋友拜访过他们以前的家，发现他们的高墙上刚刚粉刷过。此处是非谓语动词作结果状语，根据句意和语境可知，发现墙刚刷过是让作者意外的结果，用不定式做结果状语。故填to discover。

（4）考查连词。句意：尽管最后的标记是10年前我的孩子停止成长时留下的，但

是这么多年来，我一直在说我搬家的时候会多么不愿意离开那堵墙。前后两句是让步关系，用even though/ even if 引导。故填even though/ even if。

（5）考查代词。根据下文作者的孩子请了专业的摄影师去家里拍照可知，此处是指孩子们决定做一些事情。故填something。

（6）考查定语从句。这是个定语从句，先行词是a professional photographer，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故填whose。

（7）考查时态。根据上文的So one day, 可知，叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填took。

（8）考查宾语从句。句意：不管怎样，她设法拍下了那些年我们经历的一切。这是个宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，连接词做experience的宾语，结合句意，故填what。

（9）考查非谓语动词。设空处做前面句子的状语，所给动词用其非谓语形式，逻辑主语she与transform之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填transforming。

（10）考查冠词。根据后面的名词photo是个可数名词单数可知，此处需用冠词a修饰，表示“一个”。故填a。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，非谓语动词，连词，代词，定语从句，宾语从句以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Summer is over, but there's no reason to be upset as that means autumn is upon us, arguably the ________ (good) season of the year.

Beijing's autumn is extremely short, so parks around the city fill up fast with people coming to see the season's sight—a show of changing ________ (color) as the trees turn from dark green to deep red. There are plenty of places in the city center ________ (catch) the golden Gingko leaves, but I'm heading just outside of the Fifth Ring Road to see the season on ________ larger scale.

Despite parks like Xiangshan getting so busy ________ you need tickets a week in advance, there are still areas well-known and ________ (frequent) visited by the Beijing crowds, and Baiwangshan, one of such places, ________ (locate) 3km from the Summer Palace to the city's North West. It offers hiking tails and beautiful views of the city and ________ (surround) forests.

I love coming to Beijing's parks at this time of year because I can always enjoy ________ (I), bathing in the last of the good weather and golden colors. You never know ________ you're going to find around every corner.

【答案】 best；colors；to catch；a；that；frequently；is located；surrounding；myself；what

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了北京的秋天，和一些秋景。

（1）考查形容词。句意：夏天结束了，但不要沮丧因为这意味着秋天就要来了，秋天可以说是一年中最好的季节。the 后用最高级，good的最高级是best，本句表示“最好的季节”。故填best。

（2）考查名词。句意：北京的秋天很短，所以公园里挤满了来往的看秋景的人。秋景就是变化的颜色——树从深绿色变成深红色。color表颜色时是可数名词，根据“ from dark green to deep red”可知，用复数形式colors。故填colors。

（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：城市中心有很多地方可以看金色的银杏叶。此处是不定式做后置定语，修饰places，表示动作还为发生。故填to catch。

（4）考查冠词。句意：不过，我正前往五环外，以更大的规模看这个季节。这里泛指一个更大的规模，且larger首字母发音为辅音因素。故填a。

（5）考查状语从句。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票。so…that固定短语，“如此......以至于......”。故填that。

（6）考查副词。句意：尽管像香山这样的公园变得如此繁忙以至于你需要提前一周订票，仍然还有北京人经常去的有名的地方。visited是动词，用副词修饰，故填frequently。

（7）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：百望山距离颐和园3km，在城市西北方。be located固定短语，“坐落于、位于”。本句的主语是Baiwangshan，单数第三人称，整篇文章是一般现在时，故填is located。

（8）考查形容词。句意：这里能徒步旅行，还有城市风景和周围森林的美景。此处是用形容词修饰名词，故填surrounding。

（9）考查代词。固定短语enjoy oneself意为玩得愉快，主语是I，故填myself。

（10）考查宾语从句。句意：你永远不知道你会在每个角落找到什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语，用what引导，所以填what 。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，状语从句副词，主谓一致，形容词，代词以及宾语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The gorillas（大猩猩）in the valleys in the south often lived together in groups of several tens. They were fond of drinking wine, and even fonder of imitating man's ________ (behave).

People knew very well their ________ (habit) and often put wine on the roadside together with many straw sandals ________ were connected together with ropes.

The gorillas knew this was ________trick to lure(引诱)them into traps and

cursed: \"Humph! Do you think we don't know your tricks? We'll never be taken in!\" So they called one another, ________ (turn) round and left. But they had smelled the aroma(香味)of the wine already, and couldn't bear to part with it. Even after they left, they would turn their heads to look back. ________ they saw no one there, they would turn back; and after they turned back, they were afraid of ________ (cheat), and left again. After much hesitation, they ________ (final) said to themselves: \"Just for a taste of the wine. It won't matter as long as we don't get drunk.\"

Shortly afterwards, they agreed ________ (come) back to drink the wine. When they got drunk, they forgot everything. Every gorilla put on the straw sandals and imitated the way man walks.

As a result, they fell down one after another and all of them ________ (catch) alive by people.

【答案】 behavio(u)r；habits；which/that；a；turned；When；being cheated；finally；to come；were caught

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了南方山谷里大猩猩因为偷喝人类的酒，喝醉了被人类活捉的故事。

（1）考查名词。句意：他们喜欢喝酒，甚至喜欢模仿人的行为。根据上文man's为名词所有格可知应填名词，故填behavio(u)r。

（2）考查名词 。句意：人们很清楚自己的习惯，常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路边，草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。habit为可数名词，根据上文their可知应用复数形式。故填habits。

（3）考查定语从句。句意：人们很清楚自己的习惯，常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路边，草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词straw sandals，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which/that。

（4）考查冠词。句意：大猩猩知道这是引诱它们落入陷阱的诡计。trick为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个诡计”应用不定冠词。且trick为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。

（5）考查时态。句意：于是他们互相招呼，转身就走。本空为and连接并列结构，根据下文round and left可知为一般过去时。故填turned。

（6）考查连词。句意：当他们在那里见没有人时，就转身回去。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故填When。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们回去后，害怕被骗，又离开了。of为介词后跟动名词做宾语，且cheat与they构成被动关系，故应用being done形式。故填being cheated。

（8）考查副词。句意：犹豫了很久，他们最后对自己说:“只是为了尝一尝酒。只要我们不喝醉就行了。”修饰动词say应用副词形式，故填finally。

（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：没过多久，他们同意回来喝酒。agree to do sth.固定短语，“同意做某事”，故填to come。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：结果，他们一个接一个地醉倒了，都被人活捉了。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文“they fell down one after another”可知为一般过去时，主语为they，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were caught。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词，定语从句，冠词，时态，连词，非谓语动词，副词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

8．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In South Korea smartphone cases come with rings fixed on the back ________ (prevent) clumsy owners from dropping them. This makes people look like they are married to their phones. In lots of Seoul's coffee ________ (shop), couples on dates spend much more time looking at their screens ________ at each other. The results go beyond the ________ (potential) terrible consequences for romance.

Walk around the streets of Seoul, and there is ________ real risk of bumping into people ________ eyes are glued to their smartphone screens. According to the statistics, around 370 traffic accidents annually ________ (cause) by pedestrians using smartphones.

The government initially tried to fight the \"smombie\" (手机僵尸) phenomenon by distributing hundreds of stickers (贴纸) around cities, ________ (beg) people to \"be safe\" and look up. This seems to have had little effect even though, in Seoul at least, it recently replaced the stickers with stronger plastic boards.

Instead ________ appealing to people's good sense, the authorities have therefore turned to trying to save them from being run over. Early last year, they ________ (begin) to test floor-level traffic lights in smombie hotspots in central Seoul. Since then, the experiment has been extended around and beyond the capital. For the moment, the government is keeping old-fashioned eye-level pedestrian lights as well. But in future, the way to look at a South Korea crossroads may be down.

【答案】 to prevent；shops；than；potentially；a；whose；are caused；begging；of；began

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了韩国人的手机依赖症以及对这一现象已经采取的一些措施。

（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：在韩国，智能手机外壳背面装有指环，以防止手机从笨拙的用户手中脱落。这句话中谓语动词为come with，所以空格处填非谓语动词。这里用来表达手机外壳装有指环的目的，故用不定式做目的状语，填to prevent。

（2）考查名词。句意：在首尔的很多咖啡店里，情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。空格前有lots of与名词所有格修饰，所以空格处应填名词。shop为可数名

词，lots of修饰名词时，应用名词的复数形式。故填shops。

（3）考查连词。句意：在首尔的很多咖啡店里，情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。由much more time可知，这是一个比较句式。故填than。

（4）考查副词。句意：这一行为除了可能会破坏浪漫气氛，还有其他后果。空格位于形容词前，需用副词修饰。故填potentially。

（5）考查冠词。句意：走在首尔的街头上，你很有可能会撞到其他人，因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。空格后的名词risk为单数形式，所以空格处应填冠词。real是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：走在首尔的街头上，你很有可能会撞到其他人，因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。这是一个定语从句，先行词为people，指人，且在从句中作eyes的定语，所以选用关系词whose，故填whose。

（7）考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意：据统计，每年大约370例交通事故是由用手机的行人引起的。这句话缺少谓语，由annually可知，这句话使用一般现在时。主语traffic accidents与cause之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态。且由于主语traffic accidents是复数形式，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are caused。

（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：最初试图通过在城市中分发数百个贴纸来恳求人们“注意安全”并抬头看，以此来应对“手机僵尸”现象。这句话的谓语动词为tried to，所以空格处填非谓语动词。主语The government与beg之间是主动关系，且分发贴纸与beg这两个动作是同时发生的，所以使用现在分词作状语。故填begging。

（9）考查介词。句意：当局没有诉诸于人们抬头看路的良好意识，而是试图挽救他们免于被车辆碾压。空格后为动名词形式，所以空格中填介词。instead of固定短语，“代替; 作为……的替换”，故填of。

（10）考查时态。句意：去年年初，他们开始在首尔市中心的手机僵尸热点区域试点路面交通信号灯。这句话缺少谓语动词，且由early last year可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。故填began。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，连词，副词，冠词，定语从句，时态语态，介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

9．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever wished your vocation could meet all your ________ (expect)? Well, this is possible when you choose ________ (go) on a cruise (游轮). Recently, cruises have become ________ (popular) places than traditional forms of traveling. ________ is not necessary to make reservations at different hotels, find places to dine, or arrange different transports in advance. Everything you can imagine is available whenever you want it on such ________ cruise ship. Cruise ships are like miniature (小型的) cities on water. They are ________ (full) loaded with restaurants serving all kinds of dishes. The staterooms (特等客舱) can

be compared to rooms ________ (find) in five-star hotels. The big difference is ________ you get to have a moving ocean view. What's more, there are activities designed for people of all ages and interests, and ________ (vary) sports facilities like gyms and rock climbing walls as well as clubs and shops are also accessible. Quality entertainments like Broadway shows and live music ________ (provide), too. 【答案】 expectations；to go；more popular；It；a；fully；found；that；various/varied；are provided

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了乘船旅行这一旅行方式，已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎，以及说明了乘船旅行的优势。

（1）考查名词。句意：你是否曾希望你的假期能满足你所有的期望?根据上文your为形容词性物主代词可知应填名词expectation，且expectation为可数名词，由all修饰应用复数形式，故填expectations。

（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：嗯，当你选择乘船旅行时，这是可能的。choose to do sth.固定短语，“选择做某事”后跟不定式，故填to go。

（3）考查形容词。句意：最近，游轮已经比传统的旅游方式更受欢迎。根据下文“than traditional forms of traveling”可知用形容词比较级，且popular为多音节词，故填more popular。

（4）考查代词。句意：没有必要在不同的酒店预订，找地方吃饭，或提前安排不同的交通工具。此处应用it做形式主语，真正主语为后文的不定式，句式it is not

necessary to do sth.“做某事是不必要的”。故填It。

（5）考查冠词。句意：你可以想象的一切都是可用的，只要你想在这样的邮轮上。trip为可数名词，此处泛指“一次游轮之旅”应用不定冠词，且cruise为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。

（6）考查副词。句意：他们满载着供应各种菜肴的餐厅。fully loaded“满载着”，故填fully。

（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：特等房间堪比五星级酒店的客房。分析句子结构可知find在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语room构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填found。

（8）考查表语从句。句意：最大的不同是你可以看到移动的海景。本句为表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that，填that。

（9）考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，有为所有年龄和兴趣的人设计的活动，和各种体育设施，如健身房和攀岩墙，以及俱乐部和商店。此处修饰名词短语sports facilities应用形容词，表示“各种体育设施”，故填various/varied。

（10）考查时态语态。句意：高质量的娱乐活动，如百老汇演出和现场音乐也提供。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且结合上文可知时态为一般现在时，主语为entertainments，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are provided。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词，非谓语动词，形容词，代词，冠词，副词，表语从句以

及时态语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

10．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The silent killer — air pollution causes seven million premature (过早的) ________(death) a year, not just in________(develop) countries but also in UK and the USA as well. In China，people are well aware of the health problems it brings.

I check every part every day. If it has heavy air pollution, I will prepare masks for my family. I dislike________when the air is bad. Because bad air makes it difficult for me to breathe and I think it does influence my________(perform) at work. A new research in china has also found a link between air quality and levels of intelligence. In the study, 25,000 people living across China________(test) in language and math skills last year. They found the results of those________lived in more polluted areas were________ (negative) impacted, especially in languages. It adds to a growing body of evidence that air pollution has an effect not just on the lungs and heart________on the brain.

This research shows that the longer we are exposed to air pollution, the ________ (many) problems we're storing up for later life. Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government________(think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year.

【答案】 deaths；developing；it；performance；were tested；who；negatively；but；more；to think

【解析】【分析】本文是一则新闻报道，无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。最新研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。

（1）考查名词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处death“死亡的人数”，是可数名词，结合句意可知此处用复数形式，故填deaths。

（2）考查形容词。句意：无声杀手——空气污染每年导致700万人过早死亡，不仅在发展中国家，在英国和美国也是如此。此处是“发展中的”，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，故填developing。

（3）考查代词。句意：我不喜欢空气不好的时候。此处it是形式宾语，when引导的从句是真正的宾语，故填it。

（4）考查名词。句意：我认为这确实会影响我的工作表现。此处my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故填performance。

（5）考查时态语态。句意：在这项研究中，去年对中国各地的2.5万人进行了语言和数学技能测试。此处句子主语people，集体名词，和谓语动词test之间是一种被动关系，再根据In the study，是过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故填were tested。

（6）考查定语从句。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处those是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填who。

（7）考查副词。句意：他们发现，那些生活在污染更严重地区的人的结果受到了负面影响，尤其是在语言方面。此处impacted是动词，由副词修饰，故填negatively。

（8）考查固定短语。句意：越来越多的证据表明，空气污染不仅会影响肺部和心脏，还会影响大脑。not just/only...but（also）...。固定短语，“不但......而且.....”,故填but。

（9）考查形容词。句意：这项研究表明，我们接触空气污染的时间越长，我们为以后的生活积累的问题就越多。the+比较级，the+比较级，固定句式，“越......，越......。”故填more。

（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：活动家希望这项研究能说服英国在明年公布其清洁空气战略之前三思。persuade sb. to do sth.固定短语，“劝说某人做某事”。故填to think。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词，形容词，代词，名词，时态语态，定语从句，副词以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。