一、高中英语语法填空
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The \"carpenter\" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). \"The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult,\" she said
The \"gardener\ is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:\" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem\".
Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said.\" Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children.\" She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.
\"We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world.\" she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.
【答案】 be shaped;into;controlling;to explore;it;found;anxious;who/that;freely;less
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。
(1)考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知,此处主语与动词之间为被动关系,又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。
(2)考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语,“将......变成......”,故填into。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。 (4)考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而,“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样,而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词space。故填to explore。
(5)考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母,对他们来说,把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸,意为“对某人来说,做某事是……”,在 该句中是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。
(6)考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展,最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知,此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。
(7)考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑,紧张或不快乐。此
处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。
(8)考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知,该空引导的是一个性定语从句,从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children,故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
(9)考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子,我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来,我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。 (10)考查形容词。句意: 事实是,父母越不担心结果,他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是,父母对结果的担心越少,他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知,此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。
【点评】本题考点涉及语态,介词,非谓语动词,代词,时态,形容词,定语从句,副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.
【答案】 the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;compared
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中,研究人员估计,美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。 (1)考查冠词。句意:自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。
(2)考查时态。句意:人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时,主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知,主语是humans,故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。
(3)考查代词。句意:它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词,此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。
(4)考查形容词。句意:在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰名词science and technology(科学与技术)。故填environmental。
(5)考查形容词。句意:美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒,这些微粒的长度小于5
毫米,再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。 (6)考查名词。句意:尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health是主语的一部分,可知此处用名词作主语,且谓语动词是are,故用可数名词复数,填effects。
(7)考查副词。句意:但研究人员强调,人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。
(8)考查介词。句意:最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from,固定短语,“来自”。故填from。
(9)考查定语从句。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行词为drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的宾语,故此处填which。故填which。
(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,时态,代词,形容词,名词,介词,副词,定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入适当的词(不多于3个单词)或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
In 1982, July 1st was officially established as Canada Day. Various events are organized on this day, ________(include) parades, concerts, festivals and firework displays, ________ gather Canadians of all ages across the country.
Canada Day is the year's biggest national party. Canada's national flag can be seen everywhere and many people have their faces ________ (paint) red and white, which are Canada's national colors. The ________ (celebrate) in Ottawa, Canada's capital city, are especially grand and exciting.
In Quebec, many people spend Canada Day ________ (move) from one house to another. So in Quebec, Canada Day is also known ________ Moving Day.
Many organizations, businesses and stores are closed on this day. Only some bookstores, hospitals and gas stations may be open. Post offices are closed, too. As Canada Day ________ (fall) during the Canadian summer holidays, all schools are closed as well. In some areas, special services ________ (provide) for large events.
The Canadians enjoy ________ (they) to the full on this day. The only problem is ________ the concerts, parades and festivals may cause traffic jams in some major cities.
【答案】 including;which;painted;celebrations;moving;as;falls;are provided;themselves;that
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了加拿大国庆日是今年最大的全国性节日。这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。
(1)考查介词。句意:这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。位于逗号之后,且后面直接接宾语parades, concerts, festivals and firework displays,含有补充说明之意,故填including。 (2)考查定语从句。句意:这一天会组织各种各样的活动,包括、音乐会、节日和焰火表演,这些活动把加拿大各地各个年龄段的人聚集在一起。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词events,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故填which。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:加拿大的国旗随处可见,许多人的脸被涂成红色和白色,这是加拿大的国色。本句为have sth. done结构,其中需要过去分词做宾语补足语,故填painted。
(4)考查名词。句意:加拿大首都渥太华的庆祝活动特别盛大,令人兴奋。根据上文the可知应填名词,且根据下文”are especially grand and exciting“可知应用复数形式,故填celebrations。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在魁北克,许多人在加拿大的这一天从一所房子搬到另一所房子。spend time doing sth.固定短语,“花费时间做某事”,故填moving。
(6)考查介词。句意:所以在魁北克,加拿大国庆日也被称为搬家日。be known as固定短语,“被称为”,故填as。
(7)考查时态。句意:由于加拿大国庆日正好是加拿大的暑假,所有的学校也都放假了。此处说明一般性情况用一般现在时,且主语为Canada Day谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填falls。
(8)考查时态语态。句意:在一些地区,为大型活动提供特别服务。本句说的是经常性情况故用一般现在时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故填are provided。
(9)考查代词。句意:加拿大人在这一天尽情享受。enjoy oneself固定短语,“玩得愉快”,此处指Canadians自己,故填themselves。
(10)考查表语从句。句意:唯一的问题是音乐会、和节日可能会在一些大城市造成交通堵塞。本句为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,故填that。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词,定语从句,非谓语动词,名词,介词,时态,代词以及表语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Living a life with meaning and purpose is the key to improving your psychological well-being. Your purpose doesn't________(necessary), have to involve changing the world or finding a career ________(devote) to helping others. Instead, you might make it your purpose to be kind every day.
________you feel like your life lacks purpose, don't worry. There are many ways you can find purpose in life and build a life that has more meanings. You can begin by thinking about the legacy(遗赠) you would like to leave behind. Write down how you'd like to ________(remember) at the end: of your life, or think about the impact you want to leave ________the planet. Then, establish some________(objective)that can help you reach those goals. ________(work) toward your goals will give you a reason, to get out of bed every day, beyond earning money.
Thinking positively________(improve) your psychological well-being. In turn, as your psychological well-being improves,________ becomes easier to think positively and feel good overall. Spend time thinking about some of the best memories - of your life. Whether it's a family vacation you went on 10 years ago or you won an award at work two years ago, recalling the ________(happy) times in your life can bring more positivity to your thinking.
【答案】 necessarily;devoted;If/When;be remembered;On;objectives;Working;Improves/ will improve;it;happiest
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是过有意义有目的的生活是改善心理健康的关键。
(1)考查副词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。not necessarily固定短语,“不一定”。此处是用副词修饰动词 have to。故填necessarily。 (2)考查非谓语动词。句意:你的目标不一定要改变世界或找到一份致力于帮助他人的职业。be devoted to固定短语,“致力于,专心于”。此处用过去分词短语作后置定语,相当于定语从句which is devoted。故填devoted。
(3)考查状语从句。句意:如果或当你觉得你的生活缺乏目标,不要担心。此处是条件或时间状语从句的引导词,置句首单词首字母大写。故填If/When。
(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。would like to do sth.固定短语,“愿意做某事”。此处句子主语you和remember之间是一种被动关系,用被动形式表达“你想怎样被记住”。故填be remembered。
(5)考查介词。句意:写下你希望在生命的最后被人记住的方式,或者想一想你希望给这个星球留下的影响。on the planet 固定短语,“在这个星球上”,故填on。
(6)考查名词。句意:然后,建立一些目标来帮助你实现这些目标。some后面跟名词复数,故填objectives。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:不止是挣钱,每天从床上爬起来朝着你的目标努力会给你一个理由。此处是动名词作主语,故填Working。
(8)考查时态。句意:积极的思考会改善你的心理健康。此句中缺乏谓语,主语是动名词,文章主时态是一般现在时,根据句意,此处需要用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式或将来时,故填improves/ will improve。
(9)考查代词。句意:反过来,随着你的心理健康状况的改善,你会更容易积极地思考,整体感觉也会更好。此处是it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。故填it。 (10)考查形容词。句意:无论是10年前的家庭度假,还是两年前在工作中获奖,回忆生活中最快乐的时光都能给你的思想带来更多的积极因素。与前句中的 the best memories相对应,应用 happy的最高级形式。故填happiest。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,状语从句,介词,名词,时态,代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
5.语法填空
It is reported ________ over 100,000 people took part in a massive parade at Beijing's Tian'anmen Square ________ the morning of Oct 1, National Day, ________ (celebrate) the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. \"Participants from all walks of life and ethnic groups attended ________ceremony, , and Taiwan compatriots(同胞), overseas Chinese and foreigners ________(include)\said Du Feijin, head of the publicity department of the Beijing Committee of the Communist Party of China. \"Tian'anmen Square featured red decorations representing the ________ (glory) history of the Party as it led the Chinese revolution to victoryhe east and west sides of the square. A series of ________ (active) like raising the national flag, singing the national anthem and commemorating revolutionary martyrs(烈士) held nationwide to let ________ (many) people take part in celebrating the birthday of the motherland. Besides, a documentary which featured highlights during the 70-year journey ________(broadcast) on TV. 【答案】 that;on;to celebrate;the;included;glorious;adding;activities;more;was broadcast
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了10月1日庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的情况。
(1)考查主语从句。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。it is reported that…固定句式,“据报道……”,故填that。
(2)考查介词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。on the morning of固定短语,“在……的早晨”,具体的日子之前用介词on,故填on。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。本句中celebrate做非谓语动词,做目的状语用不定式。故填to celebrate。
(4)考查冠词。句意:北京宣传部杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”此处特指10月1日国庆节当天上午举行的阅兵仪式,故填the。
(5)考查非谓语动词。北京宣传部杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”included在句中做非谓语动词,与上文列举的, and Taiwan compatriots, overseas Chinese and foreigners构成被动表示“被包括在内的”,故填included。
(6)考查形容词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。history为名词需要形容词修饰,故填glorious。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。本句中add做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系用现在分词,故填adding。
(8)考查名词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。activity为可数名词,由a series of修饰应用复数形式,故填activities。
(9)考查形容词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。结合句意可知“让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来”应用形容词比较级,故填more。
(10)考查时态语态。句意:此外,电视还播放了一部讲述70年历程的纪录片。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动,且事情发生在过去用一般过去时,主语为a documentary,故填was broadcast。
【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,介词,非谓语动词,冠词,形容词,名词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
6.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mochi (年糕) is a traditional food popular in Chinese and Japanese cooking, made from ________ (special) treated rice. It is often presented in the form of a round cake, and is traditionally exchanged at the New Year.
Mochi is made by ________ (put) sticky rice into water overnight, cooking it and pounding it into a sticky paste. The paste is made into shapes ranging from simple to complex rounds, some of ________ are stuffed with sweet fillings. Mochi is often decorated with ________ (flower) or fruits, especially when it is exchanged as ________ gift at celebrations like birthdays and the New Year.
Traditionally, wooden mortars (臼) and pestles (杵) ________ (use) to pound mochi rice. Fresh mochi is usually cooked and served warm ________ a variety of sauces. Steaming and boiling are both popular preparations in Japan, along with cooking. Fresh mochi is soft but it________ (hard) quickly. Prepacked mochi blocks, flattened and cut into square pieces or shaped into rounds, are available at grocery stores. Mochi can go bad easily, so it's ________ (good) to cook soon than to keep it in your fridge.
Hard mochi pieces can be cooked, deep-fried, boiled, and more. Cooked mochi is very sticky, so be careful not ________ (choke) on it.
【答案】 specially;putting;which;flowers;a;are used;with;hardens;better;to choke
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国和日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。 (1)考查副词。句意:年糕是一种在中国和日本很流行的传统食物,由经过特殊处理的大米制成。此处要用副词修饰形容词treated,故填specially。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:年糕是将糯米放入水中过夜。by是介词,意为“通过……”后接doing形式,故填putting。
(3)考查定语从句。句意:这种糊状物的形状从简单的圆形到复杂的圆形,有些是甜馅的。此处是定语从句,指代上文的paste,从句中做介词宾语,用关系代词which,故填which。
(4)考查名词。句意:年糕通常用鲜花或水果装饰。根据or fruits,可知此处用名词复数,故填flowers 。
(5)考查冠词。句意:尤其是在生日和新年等庆祝活动中作为礼物交换时。根据as ___5___ gift,gift“礼物”,可数名词,故填a。
(6)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,木臼和杵是用来捣糯米的。主语是wooden mortars and pestles,谓语动词用复数形式的被动语态,又因为时态是一般现在时,故填are used。 (7)考查介词。句意:新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的,并与各种酱料一起热着吃。介词with表示“与……一起”,根据句意,故填with。
(8)考查时态。句意:新鲜的年糕很软,但会很快变硬。主语是it,是第三人称单数,指Fresh mochi,时态是一般现在时,故填hardens。
(9)考查形容词。句意:年糕很容易变坏,所以与其把它存放在冰箱里,不如现煮现吃。根据than可知此处形容词的比较级,故填better。
(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:煮熟的年糕很黏,所以要小心别噎着了。be careful to do sth.固定短语,“小心做某事”,可知此处用动词不定式,故填to choke。
【点评】本题考点涉及副词,非谓语动词,定语从句,名词,冠词,时态语态,介词,形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
7.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.
Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.
Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神的预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.
Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.
【答案】 to hit;a;followed;as;tells;that;becoming;adaptation;With;largest 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,在中国大热的动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。
(1)考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语,\"准备好做某事\故空格处要用不定式,
填to hit。
(2)考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指\"一家分销公司\要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语\"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片\"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。
(4)考查介词。be known as固定短语,\"作为.....出名\故填as。
(5)考查主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。
(6)考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。
(7)考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。
(8)考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。
(9)考查介词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是《哪吒》这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为\"有,拥有….\"符合句意,故填With。
(10)考查形容词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,《哪吒》这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用\"the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of\"的结构,表示\"第几最….\故填largest。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,主谓一致,时态,同位语从句,名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The gorillas(大猩猩)in the valleys in the south often lived together in groups of several tens. They were fond of drinking wine, and even fonder of imitating man's ________ (behave). People knew very well their ________ (habit) and often put wine on the roadside together with many straw sandals ________ were connected together with ropes.
The gorillas knew this was ________trick to lure(引诱)them into traps and cursed: \"Humph! Do you think we don't know your tricks? We'll never be taken in!\" So they called one another, ________ (turn) round and left.
But they had smelled the aroma(香味)of the wine already, and couldn't bear to part with it.
Even after they left, they would turn their heads to look back. ________ they saw no one there, they would turn back; and after they turned back, they were afraid of ________ (cheat), and left again. After much hesitation, they ________ (final) said to themselves: \"Just for a taste of the wine. It won't matter as long as we don't get drunk.\"
Shortly afterwards, they agreed ________ (come) back to drink the wine. When they got drunk, they forgot everything. Every gorilla put on the straw sandals and imitated the way man walks. As a result, they fell down one after another and all of them ________ (catch) alive by people. 【答案】 behavio(u)r;habits;which/that;a;turned;When;being cheated;finally;to come;were caught
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了南方山谷里大猩猩因为偷喝人类的酒,喝醉了被人类活捉的故事。
(1)考查名词。句意:他们喜欢喝酒,甚至喜欢模仿人的行为。根据上文man's为名词所有格可知应填名词,故填behavio(u)r。
(2)考查名词 。句意:人们很清楚自己的习惯,常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路边,草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。habit为可数名词,根据上文their可知应用复数形式。故填habits。
(3)考查定语从句。句意:人们很清楚自己的习惯,常常把酒和许多草鞋一起放在路边,草鞋是用绳子连在一起的。本句为定语从句修饰先行词straw sandals,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故填which/that。
(4)考查冠词。句意:大猩猩知道这是引诱它们落入陷阱的诡计。trick为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一个诡计”应用不定冠词。且trick为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。 (5)考查时态。句意:于是他们互相招呼,转身就走。本空为and连接并列结构,根据下文round and left可知为一般过去时。故填turned。
(6)考查连词。句意:当他们在那里见没有人时,就转身回去。本句为时间状语从句,表示“当……时候”,故填When。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:他们回去后,害怕被骗,又离开了。of为介词后跟动名词做宾语,且cheat与they构成被动关系,故应用being done形式。故填being cheated。 (8)考查副词。句意:犹豫了很久,他们最后对自己说:“只是为了尝一尝酒。只要我们不喝醉就行了。”修饰动词say应用副词形式,故填finally。
(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:没过多久,他们同意回来喝酒。agree to do sth.固定短语,“同意做某事”,故填to come。
(10)考查时态语态。句意:结果,他们一个接一个地醉倒了,都被人活捉了。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据上文“they fell down one after another”可知为一般过去时,主语为they,谓语动词用复数形式。故填were caught。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词,定语从句,冠词,时态,连词,非谓语动词,副词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
9.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jackie Robinson made his debut (初次露面) with the Brooklyn Dodgers on April 15,1947, and broke the color barrier ________African Americans in baseball.
\"It was the most ________ (eager) expected debut in the history of the national pastime,\" sports author Robert wrote. \"It ________(represent) both the dream and the fear of equal opportunity, ________ it would change forever the color of the game and the attitudes of Americans.\"
________quietly tolerating harsh racist treatment from baseball fans and team members________(like), Robinson rose to Rookie of the Year and proved himself to be one of the most________(talent) and fiercest players in the game. Just two years into the Major Leagues, Robinson won the National League Most Valuable Player Award. He'd go on to play in six World Series and helped give the Dodgers ________ World Series win in 1955.
Off the field, Robinson was a forefather of the Civil Rights Movement, speaking out against ________ (race) discrimination and ________ (push) baseball to use its economic influence to fight against racialism.
【答案】 for;eagerly;represented;and;After;alike;talented;a;racial;pushing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。
(1)考查介词。句意:杰基·罗宾逊于1947年4月15日在布鲁克林道奇队首次亮相,并在棒球比赛中为非裔美国人打破了肤色障碍。表示“为……”,所以填for。
(2)考查副词。句意:这是这项全国性运动历史上最受期待的首次亮相。该空修饰形容词expected,用副词,所以填eagerly。
(3)考查时态。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填represented。
(4)考查连词。句意:它代表了机会均等的梦想和恐惧,它将永远改变比赛的颜色和美国人的态度。表示并列关系,所以填and。
(5)考查连词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。根据句意文中表示“在……之后”,句子第一个单词的首字母大写,所以填After。
(6)考查副词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。表示“两者都,同样地”,所以填alike。
(7)考查形容词。句意:在默默忍受了球迷和队友的种族歧视之后,罗宾逊成为了年度最佳新秀,并证明了自己是比赛中最有天赋和最勇猛的球员之一。该空修饰名词players,用形容词,所以填talented。
(8)考查冠词。句意:他后来参加了六次世界大赛,并帮助道奇队在1955年赢得了一次世界大赛。文中泛指“一次世界大赛”,World的首字母发音是辅音,所以填不定冠词a。 (9)考查形容词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。该空修饰名词discrimination,用形容词,所以填racial。
(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:在球场之外,罗宾逊是民权运动的鼻祖,公开反对种族歧视,推动棒球运动利用其经济影响力对抗种族主义。介词against之后,用v+ing形式,所以填pushing。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词,副词,时态,连词,形容词,冠词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
10.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Some misunderstanding is putting shark populations at risk now. Thousands of sharks are dying as ________result of people's false beliefs.
Female sharks need males to make babies. Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves and have young sharks ________a male shark. That's something ________(common) seen in plants and insects like ants and bees.
Shark fins have medical function. Traditionally, shark fin soup ________(believe) to have health benefits and is quite special in China. ________modern scientists point out that shark tissue (组织)can be extremely high in poison. What's more, shark fishing kills up to 100 million animals each year, ________(endanger) several different species.
If you're bitten by a shark, you will be a goner. You are more than twice as likely ________(die) from a lightning strike as from a shark bite, according to the Florida Museum's International Shark Attack File (ISAF). \"Even if you are bitten, the large ________(major) of people survive\says Dr. Chapman. There ________(be) sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents around the world in 2018, only six of ________were dangerous, according to the ISAF.
【答案】 a;without;commonly;is believed;But/Yet;endangering;to die;majority;were;which
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍人们过去对鲨鱼的误解,唤醒人们要有保护动物意识。
(1)考查冠词。句意:由于人们的错误观念,成千上万的鲨鱼正在死亡。as a result of固定短语,“作为……的结果”。故填a。
(2)考查介词。句意:一些雌性鲨鱼有能力自己繁殖后代,并且在没有雄性鲨鱼的情况下产下幼鲨。根据上文Some female sharks have the ability to produce a baby by themselves可知,此处指“雌性鲨鱼在没有雄性鲨鱼的情况下产下幼鲨”,应使用介词without“没有”。故填without。
(3)考查副词。句意:这种情况在植物和昆虫中很常见,比如蚂蚁和蜜蜂。此处修饰过去分词seen,应使用副词形式。故填commonly。
(4)考查时态语态。句意:传统上,鱼翅汤被认为对健康有益,在中国很特别。believe与shark fin soup是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态;此处描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故填is believed。
(5)考查连词。句意:但现代科学家指出,鲨鱼组织是非常厉害的毒药。根据语境可知,此处前后句是转折关系,应使用转折连词but/yet“但是”。故填But/Yet。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:更重要的是,捕捞鲨鱼每年杀死多达1亿只,危及几个不
同的物种。“捕捞鲨鱼每年杀死多达1亿只”危及几个不同的物种,endanger的逻辑主语是整个前句描述的内容,此处与前句内容是逻辑主谓关系,应使用现在分词作结果状语。故填endangering。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:根据佛罗里达博物馆的国际鲨鱼攻击档案(ISAF),人们死于雷击的可能性是鲨鱼咬的两倍多。be likely to do sth.固定短语,“可能做某事”。故填to die。
(8)考查名词。句意:“即使被咬了,大多数人还是活下来了”,查普曼博士说。根据空前形容词及空后介词of可知,此处使用名词。故填majority。
(9)考查时态。句意:根据国际安全援助的数据,2018年全世界共发生了66起无端的鲨鱼咬伤事件,其中只有6起是危险的。根据in 2018可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应使用一般过去时;there be句型主谓一致遵循“就近原则”,由sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents可知,此处be动词应使用复数形式。故填were。
(10)考查定语从句。句意:根据国际安全援助的数据,2018年全世界共发生了66起无端的鲨鱼咬伤事件,其中只有6起是危险的。此处是带有介词的定语从句,先行词是sixty-six unprovoked(无端的)shark bite incidents,关系词在介词之后,应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【点评】本题考点涉及冠词,介词,副词,时态语态,连词,名词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
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