AGV发展方向

The leading way of AGV not only determines the flexibility of its logistics system,but also influences the system’s dependability and cost.Until 1980s,magnetic sensing navigation under ground is still one of the leading technologies that can be chose.

With the development of electric technology, AGV ‘s multiple leading way,AGV has took a further step in improving and adopting a more complicated working environment and a wider application field.

AGV leading way

According to the source of AGV ’s moving information,it can be divided into outside leading way and inside leading way.The former one refers to setting guidance information such as magnetic stripe ,then it is dealt with by sensor ,thus make the AGV move. The latter one is setting routine landmark ,process these data and then achieve movement.

In addition, according to the the form of AGV car guide line, guide way can be divided into wired and wireless. Outside the ultrasound guidance, laser guidance in conductivity and optical orientation can be called a reflection method, the conductivity method can be referred to as the reference position setting method.

Automatic guided vehicle (AGV) oriented technical analysis

Automatic guided the car (Automatic Guide Vehicle) is a kind of unmanned, with battery driven material handling equipment, its route and the dock position is programmable. Since the 70 s, electronic technology and computer technology to promote AGV technology development, such as the induction, infrared, laser, language, voice, etc, etc. AGV technology is still in development, there are some voice control AGV can read 4000 words.

1, the structure of AGV

Most used in automatic manufacturing system of AGV is induction type AGV, a kind of AGV can deliver both parts, by freight cars, underground cable and controller of three parts, car powered by battery, along the buried in the floor groove with alternating current excitation of cable walking, floor groove buried deep in the depths of 4 cm, cooking with epoxy potting, form a smooth surface, so that the cleaning and maintenance. Guide cable route and flow route of artifacts in the workshop and warehouse layout, AGV walk the route of the general can be divided into linear, branch, loop or mesh. Car driving motor installed in the car industrial battery power supply, power supply usually cycle for about 20 h, so must regularly to the maintenance area charging or replacement. Battery charged replacement is often done manually, can be manually or automatically, some cars can be carried out in accordance with the program automatically connected to the electric plug charge.

2, switching device can be roll wheel, the use of the roller and the friction between the tray to tray move out, this device and the supporting roller conveyor belt. Switching device can also be a slide fork, which makes use of the sliding reciprocating motion fork will launch or pulled into the tray, on both sides of the supporting roller moves is to reduce the friction. Knee-type switching device is a lifting platform is used to change the tray to rise, the material on the bracket of the fork stretch at the bottom of the job offer, lifting platform, content fork retraction, remove the tray. The working process of the tray to the opposite. The car is equipped with lifting alignment device, in order to eliminate the height difference at the turn of the work piece. AGV car is equipped with safety protection device, with the yellow superintendent before and after the car lights, when the small car to walk continuously or ready to walk, yellow lights flashing. Each driving wheel with safety brake, power outages, brake automatically connected to. Cars have scram button on each side and safety bumper, it has a sensor, when the small car touch

obstacles, bumper compression, the car stopped.

4, a plane perpendicular to the sensing line. Induction line with alternating current, alternating magnetic field is produced. On the day of the ray path finding fork is automatically selected, AGV walk route is more complex in the workshop, there are lot of bifurcation point and intersection. On the ground have a central control computer is responsible for vehicle scheduling control, AGV car with the microprocessor control board, AGV walking routes in a chart format stored in computer memory, when given the starting point and target point location, control program automatically choose the best route for AGV walk. The car at the fork direction using the frequency selection method, the choice of the decision point, floor also has a variety of different frequency signals in the tank, when the AGV is close to the decision point (fork mouth), the position of the car is determined by coding device, AGV decisions before approaching decision point, determine should track the frequency of the signal, so as to realize automatic path searching.

3, AGV guidance technology analysis and evaluation

AGV is automatically or manually loading the goods, according to the set route automatic driving or pulling freight car to the designated place, then use manually or automatically loading and unloading of goods industrial vehicles. According to the Japan JISD6801: the definition of AGV based on battery power supply of a kind of automatic control of industrial vehicles. Automatic car guide only according to the material handling operation automation, flexibility and the requirement of just-in-time, and automatic guidance system, automatic loading and unloading system, communication system, security system and management system of automatic guided vehicle system (AGVS) can really play a role. Computer hardware technology, parallel and distributed processing technology, automatic control technology, sensor technology and the continuous development of the software development environment, provides the research and application of the necessary technical foundation. Artificial intelligence (ai) techniques such as understanding and search, tasks, and path planning, fuzzy and neural network control technology, the development of intelligent and democracy direction.

4, AGV research and development of artificial intelligence, information processing, image processing, involving computer, automatic control, information communication, mechanical design and electronic technology, and other disciplines, become one of hot topics in the study of

logistics automation. Although the AGV

Research has many years of history, but there are a number of key technology needs to be improved and breakthroughs, to further improve performance, reduce manufacturing cost and reduce the use cost. Logistics system described in this article AGV is mainly used for factory, is in a known environment, according to the mission requirements and in accordance with the guide way, the corresponding material transportation task. Therefore, guide and control mode is the core problem.

5, AGV system technology research direction

Guidance technology: the eighty s and ninety s, while some domestic colleges and universities to electromagnetic guidance technology based on embedded wire of the factory, and start application, based on the CCD optical tape recognition, image recognition guidance technology stagnation, the United States by car

Industry, represented by application promotion based on gyro navigation positioning technology; Swedish NDC company is introduced based on laser reflection Angle positioning technology. Appeared in recent years, guided by the laser Angle combined with distance measurement technology, the seeker has been commercialized. Guiding the progress of technology, improves the flexibility of travel path, improved the precision of parking at the same time, by the plus or minus 10 mm, narrowed to + / - 5 mm, is + / - 3 mm. GPS navigation and positioning technology is in a large (up to 40 t) has been applied on the AGV.

Transfer of technology: according to different application requirements, the back roller, chain, push-pull, traction, gantry, side fork, front fork, fork, after three, elevating the telescopic fork, etc. Due to the transfer of technology, drive the progress of technology, battery technology, promote the large increase in the load weight ratio by 1:4 to 1:1. 2, namely the same load, the advanced models for the backward gravity drop models of a quarter. Make to reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle movement exponentially, thus it can be short-ship batteries, make AGV dead weight, power consumption form a virtuous cycle.

Battery technology: by using acid batteries, progress to the high-energy acid battery, in recent years, began using high-energy alkaline Pool, and improve the environmental performance, greatly increased the charge and discharge ratio, from charging/discharging time of 1:1 to 1; 12,

to shorten the time of the standby charge greatly.

Intelligent: in enterprise logistics automation technology, modern most has the characteristics of intelligent AGV technology, on-board computer hardware software function increasingly powerful escalating, make the AGV and AGV system from the network, wireless or infrared receiving upper and customer instruction, automatic guided and automatic drive, optimizing the route, automatic operation, traffic management, vehicle scheduling, security collision avoidance, since

Dynamic charging, automatic diagnosis, realize the intelligent AGV, informationization, digitization, network, flexibility, agility, energy saving, green. Modern AGV tireless smart car is 24 hours (in the task space only random charging for short), able to take the initiative, introduction, beats the most safe and fast route in accordance with the homework. Intelligent and powerful, the result of the speeds of up to 160 m/min, reflected in choose vehicle Numbers decrease exponentially.