1. [1]Although known as an extraordinarily successful businessman, Warren Buffet comes off as a pretty ordinary person.
[2]Looking back on his childhood, one can see how serious he was about making money. Buffet used to go door-to-door and sell soda pop. Later, he also worked at his grandfather’s grocery store. At the ripe age of 11, Buffet bought his first stock(股票). When his family moved to
Washington D.C., Buffet became a paperboy for The Washington Post. While still in school, he was making $175 a month, a full-time wage for many young men.
[3]From the beginning, Buffet made his fortune from investing. He started with all the money that he had made from selling pop, delivering papers and so on. Between 1950 and l956, he grew his $9, 800 to $14, 000．From there, he organized investment partnerships with his family and friends, and then gradually drew in more people through very attractive terms.
[4]Buffet applied to Harvard Business School but , making it to be one of the worst admission decisions in Harvard history. The outcome ended up affecting Buffet’s life deeply, for he ended up attending Columbia Business School, where he studied under Benjamin Graham, the father of securities analysis who provided the foundation for Buffet’s grand success.
[5]Buffet is a person of habit—same house, same office, same city. He doesn’t collect houses or cars or works of art, and he hates companies that waste money on such goods. Instead, he has established the Buffet Foundation, with a detailed plan on how to invest his money more wisely to society.
【1】What kind of person is Buffet according to Paragraph 1? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】He is an extraordinarily successful but pretty ordinary person.
【解析】He is an extraordinarily successful but pretty ordinary person. 第一段说明他是一个事业上 很成功的商业天才，但是他也是从一个普通人慢慢成长起来的。
【2】What does the writer intend to tell us in Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】From childhood, Buffet was serious /wise enough to make money. 或How Buffet made money even when he was young.
【解析】From childhood, Buffet was serious /wise enough to make money. 或How Buffet made money even when he was young.第二段中描述了从很小的时候，他就开始自己挣钱，11岁就投资股票，送报纸等等。这些都说明他在努力挣钱。
【3】According to Paragraph 3, how did Buffet start his investment? (no more than 10 words) _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】With all the money that he had made before
【解析】With all the money that he had made before 根据He started with all the money that he had made from selling pop, delivering papers and so on可知他把以前挣得钱都用来投资了。
【4】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】was turned down / was not admitted/was not successful /was refused / failed.
【解析】was turned down / was not admitted/was not successful /was refused / failed. 根据but
可知表示转折，也就是他没有被哈佛录取，这也许哈佛历史上最糟糕的一场录取了
【5】Explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5.
_____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He dislikes change或 He doesn’t like change或 He was not willing to change.
【解析】He dislikes change或 He doesn’t like change或 He was not willing to change.根据下一句same house, same office, same city.可知他要住同一个房子，同样的办公室，都说明他是一个不愿意改变的人。
【考点】人物类阅读。
2. When my father was celebrating a milestone (里程碑) birthday, I pulled together a surprise gift that he would never forget.
As he was approaching 60,1 had a firm idea: What if I could get the memories people had of him, put each one into an envelope - 60 in total - and have him open them, one by one, on his birthday? So I wrote an e-mail to family and friends, explaining my idea.
I sent the e-mail and waited. And then the replies started coming in and I was very, very
surprised. There were so many memories, and they were all so lovely. They came from the '50s, '60s, '70s, from every decade（十年） between now and the day my dad was born. They came from my mother, my siblings, my grandma, my dad's friends from high school, his sister, my dad's first boss, a colleague at his first job, from people who hadn't seen my dad in 40 years, from people I myself hadn't even informed. They typed them and handwrote them. They mailed them and e-mailed them.
The night before Dad's birthday, my sister and 1 stayed up late, putting everything together with some
The next morning, after breakfast and presents and cake, we gave the pile of envelopes to him. \"Just one more thing for you,\" we said.
It took him a long time to open them and read. Each one was a brief ticket to another time, a leap (跳跃) backward over years and decades. There was a lot of laughter and a few tears, too. I was kind of sad when the project was over because it was great fun to collect these memories. It gave me a different picture of my dad.
【1】When did the author give her father a surprise gift? (no more than 4 words)
【答案】On his 60th birthday.
【解析】On his 60th birthday. 考查细节理解。根据文章首段和第二段内容可知作者送给父亲特别的礼物是在他60岁生日那天，答案填 On his 60th birthday
【2】Who sent the mails? (no more than 6 words)
【答案】The people who know/knew her father.
【解析】The people who know/knew her father. 考查细节理解。从文章第三段内容They came from my mother, …… a colleague at his first job, from people who hadn't seen my dad in 40 years, from people I myself hadn't even informed.可知父亲的亲戚，朋友，家人和一切认识他的人寄来了信或者发来email，故答案为The people who know /knew her father。
【3】Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father's birthday? (no more than 9 words)
【答案】Because they needed to put the mails into envelopes.
【解析】Because they needed to put the mails into envelopes. 考查细节理解。由文章第四段
my sister and 1 stayed up late, putting everything together with some可知他们晚上熬夜要把信装进信封，答案为Because they needed to put the mails into envelopes。
【4】How did the author's father most probably feel when he read (he mails? (no more than 3 words)
【答案】He felt/was moved/excited/happy.
【解析】He felt/was moved/excited/happy. 考查推理判断。从文章倒数第二段there was a lot of laughter and a few tears ,too判断父亲非常激动。答案填He felt / was moved / excited /happy。
【5】What was the surprise gift? (no more than 6 words) 【答案】The memories about/of the author’s father.
【解析】The memories about/of the author’s father. 考查细节理解。从文章内容可知作者给父亲的礼物是别人有关父亲的回忆，答案为The memories about / of the author’s father 。 【考点】考查阅读表达。
3. 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。 【1】A safari park is a park in which wild animals are kept. They are mainly located in east or central Africa. They often occupy a very wild area, with mountains and rivers. To visit the park and look at the animals, people have to drive around in a car for a few of hours because the park is huge.
【2】In south Africa there is a safari park, which contains all sorts of wild animals like lions, elephants, rhinoceroses(犀牛), zebras, wild pigs, deer and giraffes.
【3】There is a wild road leading through the park, but nobody is permitted to walk on the road. Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely attack people. From the car he may see almost every types of African wildlife. Some of these are getting scarce (稀有的) because people kill them for various reasons. For example, rhinoceroses are killed for their horns (角), which are used in traditional Chinese medicines for colds and headaches. Perhaps they will be seen only in museums and books one day.
【4】Travels may purchase food for the animals. They can feed them when they tour the park. Of course, they should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may attack people. In addition, they should only give proper food to the animals.
【5】A traveler may carry a gun with him in his journey. The gun is given to him by the
government. However, it is not used for hunting. In fact, a seal is fixed to it. The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself in case he is attacked. However, he has to prove to the government that he has been attacked and that he has not fired at a harmless animal.
【1】List one of the reasons why travelers have to stay in a car during their visit.（no more than 6 words）
【答案】The park is huge. 或Animals may attack people.
【解析】The park is huge. 或Animals may attack people.
解析：文章第1段第4句话To visit the park and look at the animals, people have to drive
around in a car for a few of hours because the park is huge.介绍因为公园很大，所以游客得开车好几个小时。文章第3段第2句话Anyone traveling in the park has to go in a car because wild animals may fiercely attack people.说因为野生动物有时很凶猛会攻击人，所以游客得呆在车里。 考点定位：考查获取文章细节的能力。
【2】Why are rhinoceroses getting scarce? （no more than 7words）
【答案】People killed them for their horns.
【解析】People killed them for their horns.
解析：文章第三段介绍公园里有些动物很稀有。然后举例说明：For example, rhinoceroses are killed for their horns (角)。把原文的被动句子改为主动格式即可。 考点定位：考查获取文章细节以及句式转换的能力。
【3】What warning is given to travelers when they feed the animals? （no more than 15words）
【答案】Staying away from the animals and giving them proper food.
【解析】Staying away from the animals and giving them proper food.
解析：文章第四段主要介绍游客给野生动物喂食的注意事项：they should not feed them in a close distance。和they should only give proper food to the animals.。要回答所提问题，应该把两个句子凝练成两个短语，并来回答.What warning are given。因此该用动词ing形式做主语，即Being in a far distance/ Staying away from the animals and giving them proper food are the warnings.
考点定位：考查文章细节理解归纳和句式转述能力。
【4】How does the government know the gun is fired? （no more than 10 words）
【答案】By checking their seal
【解析】By checking their seal
解析：文章最后一段提到提供游客支（However, it is not used for hunting. In fact, a seal is fixed to it.），但不是用来猎杀，因为支贴有封条。通过封条的是否撕开来判断是否使用过。 考点定位：考查文章细节合理推断能力。
【5】What is the passage mainly about? （no more than 6 words） 【答案】A safari park in South Africa 【解析】A safari park in South Africa
解析：全文介绍了safari公园的位置，公园里的野生动物以及公园游玩注意事项。 考点定位：考查文章整体理解及归纳大意的能力。
4. 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
When knowing his son got a C grade in the maths exam, the father was proud and cheerful. This is the tear-jerking moment when a proud father is captured on camera celebrating his son's exam result.
After setting up the hidden camera, the boy calls his father to the kitchen, telling him in a
whisper 'I've just got something from school; I need you to come and look at it.' His father, who can be heard shouting from elsewhere in the house, asks 'Has something happened?', to which the naughty teenager, Aria, replies 'Yes! It's really important'. As his nervous-looking father approaches, Aria says 'Come and have a chat with me. Just come in, and read that', he says while passing over a piece of paper displaying the result.
After seeing his son has achieved a C grade in the maths exam, the man asks 'Is that
veracious?,' before bursting into tears of joy. The pair hug before the disbelieving dad asks again, 'Are you sure? They've not made a mistake? I can't believe it; I just can't believe it!' A mere year before the video was filmed, the schoolboy received an F in the subject. He explained，'In England you need a C to basically do anything with your life. I've never been amazing academically and have struggled through school. Neither me or my dad or my
teachers thought I was going to get my C, for me it was tough. When I told my Dad who means the world to me this was his reaction...Enjoy'.
Still feeling happy from the news, his delighted father tells him 'You're set for life! You're set for life!'. The teen is seen smiling into the camera at the end of the video, seemingly as thrilled with
the result as his emotional father.
【1】Why does Aria call his father to the kitchen? (no more than 15 words)
【答案】He wants to show his father the paper with the result of the maths exam.
【解析】He wants to show his father the paper with the result of the maths exam.。信息推断题。根据文章第二段…..Just come in, and read that', he says while passing over a piece of paper displaying the result.可知孩子让父亲来厨房的的目的是告诉他自己的数学考试成绩。
【2】What does the underlined word “veracious” mean in the 3rd paragraph? (one word)
【答案】True.
【解析】True.。词义推断题。根据第三段中父亲说的话'Are you sure? They've not made a mistake? I can't believe it; I just can't believe it!可知父亲特别兴奋，简直不能相信这是真的，由此推测veracious意思是true。
【3】In Paragraph 3, why does Aria’s father ask those questions? (no more than 10 words)
【答案】Because he can’t believe it./He wants to be sure of it.
【解析】Because he can’t believe it./He wants to be sure of it.。信息推断题。从文章第三段内容可知当父亲看到儿子的成绩时激动的流下了眼泪，根据The pair hug before the disbelieving dad asks again,可以判断父亲因为不相信而发出一连串的疑问。
【4】What does a C grade mean to a person in England? (no more than 15 words)
【答案】One needs a C to basically do anything with his life in England.
【解析】One needs a C to basically do anything with his life in England.。信息查找题。根据文章第四段'In England you need a C to basically do anything with your life.可知在英国C级对于一个人非常重要。
【5】How do you like Aria’s father? Why? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】Open.
( He loves his son very much and he is proud of him when he achieves something in his life.) 【解析】Open.（自由发挥）。
( He loves his son very much and he is proud of him when he achieves something in his life.) 【考点】考查阅读表达。
5. When we're learning a foreign language, making sense of what we hear is the first step toward fluency. It sounds obvious, but until recently, we didn't know much about how listening works. New research shows that effective listening involves more than simply hearing the words that float past our ears. Rather, it's an active process of analysing information and making meaning.
Studies of skilled language learners have identified specific listening strategies that lead to excellent comprehension. In addition to that benefit, research has shown that learners who adopt these strategies become better listeners.
So what are listening strategies? Skilled learners go into a listening activity with a sense of what they want to get out of it. They set a goal for their listening, and they make predictions about what the speaker will say. Before the talking begins, they review what they already know about the subject, and form an intention to “listen out for”what's important. Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus; if their attention wanders, they bring it back to the words
being spoken. They don't allow themselves to be thrown off by confusing or unfamiliar details. Instead, they take note of what they don't understand and later make inferences(推测)about what those things might mean, based on other clues available to them: their previous
knowledge of the subject, the identity of the speaker, and so on. All the while, skilled learners are evaluating what they're hearing and their own understanding of it. They're checking their inferences to see if they're correct.
Such strategies are all about thinking, and they produce a variety of benefits. Research
indicates that such learners are better at analysing and storing new information, better at finding the best ways to practice what they have learned. Last year, for example, University of Ottawa researcher Larry Vandergrift published his study of 106 undergraduates who were learning
French as a second language. Half of the students were taught in a traditional fashion, listening to and practicing texts spoken aloud. The other half, dealing with the same skill level and taught by the same teacher, were given clear instruction on how to listen. In the journal Language Learning, Vandergrift reported the results: The second group “significantly outperformed(胜过)” the first one on a test of comprehension. In a 2006 study by researchers from Singapore, Chinese speakers who were learning English as a second language reported increased motivation and confidence after they were taught metacognitive strategies.
Though listening is often treated as a way to make others feel appreciated, it's also one of the most powerful tools we have to gain information and insight(洞察力).
General idea of paragraphs Detailed information It includes our hearing the words and _ 【答案】Definition 【解析】解析 右栏是下定义。 答案 Definition 【2】_of the information to get the meaning. __【1】__of effective listening The _ 【答案】analysis 【解析】解析 由Rather, it's an active process of analysing information and making meaning可见答案。 答案 analysis 【3】__of specific listening strategies ★It will lead to excellent comprehension. ★Learners _ 【答案】benefits 【解析】解析 第二段讲的是优点，由In addition to that benefit可见答案。 答案 benefits 【4】_them can become better listeners. ★Review the _ 【答案】adopting 【解析】解析 由research has shown that learners who adopt these strategies become better listeners.可知答案。 答案 adopting 【5】__fact about the subject. ★Set a goal for listening. ★__ 【答案】known Listening strategies 【解析】解析 由Before the talking begins, they review what they already know about the subject可知答案。 答案 known 【6】__the speaker's information. ★Maintain the _ 【答案】Predict 【解析】解析 由．..later make inferences(推测)about what those things might mean可知答案。 答案 Predict 【7】__on the words being spoken. ★Take note of the confusing details for later inferences. ★Evaluate the information being heard, the understanding of it and its __ 【答案】focus 【解析】解析 由Once they begin listening, these learners maintain their focus可知答案。 答案 focus 【8】__. Learners are more __ 【答案】accuracy 【解析】由All the while, skilled learners are evaluating what they're hearing...to see if they're correct.可知答案。 答案 accuracy 【9】__and confident. The results of the experiment _ 【答案】motivated 【解析】 由倒数第二段的Chinese speakers...reported increased motivation...可知答案。 答案 motivated 【10】__ Listening can make others feel appreciated and help the listeners gain information and insight. 【答案】Conclusion
【解析】最后一段是总结。 答案 Conclusion
6. 阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题，然后将答案填入相应的位置上。(请注意答题后的词数要求)。
In 2009, the number of hungry people in the world reached one billion for the first time. It is difficult not to be shocked by the fact that more than one in seven people on the planet do not have enough to eat. By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of . Hunger kills more people per year than AIDS and malaria (疟疾) combined. The UN calculates that almost two-thirds of the world’s hungry people are in Asia. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa. Almost all of the rest are in Latin America, North Africa and the Caribbean. In the richest regions of the world there are only a small number of people who don’t have enough to eat. There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods and the overuse of farming land. All of them affect food production. But the most important reason is, quite simple, poverty — which has increased recently due to the economic effects of the financial crisis of 2008.
Although many people point out that there would be less hunger if the global population were smaller, few people would argue that there is not enough food to go around. The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution.In the last 50 years, global food production has risen even more quickly than the global population and there are of course many areas of the world where people generally have more than enough food. Overweight is a far bigger problem than hunger there.
【1】 What’s the main topic of the passage? (no more than 3 words )
【答案】World hunger problem
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容，尤其是最后一句Hunger kills more people per year than AIDS and malaria(疟疾 ) combined.说明本文讲述的是全球的饥饿问题。
【2】Where do most of the hungry people live? (no more than 3 words)
【答案】 In Asia
【解析】细节题。根据第二段第一句The UN calculates that almost two-thirds of the world's hungry people are in Asia. More than a quarter are in sub-Saharan Africa.说明最多的饥饿人群是在亚洲。
【3】Fill in the blank in Para.1 with proper words. (no more than 5 words )
【答案】 hunger/ not having enough to eat /a lack of food
【解析】推理题。根据本句By the end of this year, more than 35 million people will have died as a result of . Hunger kills more people per year than AIDS and malaria(疟疾 ) combined.说明很多人都死于饥饿。死于没有足够的食物吃。
【4】What does the underlined word “they”(line 4, paragraph 2 ) probably refer to? (no more than 6 words)
【答案】 The reasons for world hunger
【解析】推理题。根据第二段. There are many reasons for world hunger. They include wars, droughts, floods and the overuse of farming land.说明这里的they就是指前句的many reasons for world hunger。
【5】What is the suggested way to reduce hunger in Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words )
【答案】 A proper distribution of food around the world / Distributing food around the world properly / To distribute food around the world properly
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段第三行The basic problem seems to be not a lack of food, but its distribution.说明粮食分配不公平是主要的问题，作者建议在这方面做出改变。 【考点】考查阅读表达
7. Rome had the Forum, London has Speaker’s Corner. Now always-on-the-go New Yorkers have Liz and Bill.
Liz and Bill, two college graduates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street corners. Just talk.
Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says,“Talk to Me,” they attract conversationalists, who one evening included a mental patient, and men in business suits.
They don’t collect money. They don’t push religion(宗教). So what’s the point? “To see what happens,” said Liz. “ We simply enjoy life with open communication.”
Shortly after the September 11, 2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to
Washington, a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with strangers after their return.
“It started as a crazy idea,” Liz said.“ We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything：their jobs, their clothes, their childhood experiences, anything.”
Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.
Marcia had lost her husband to a serious disease. “That was very heavy on my mind,” Marcia said, “To be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good,” she explained.
To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.
They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they’ll consider. 【1】What did Liz and Bill start doing after they graduated from college? __________________________________________(within three words)
【答案】talk to people
【解析】细节题：从第二段的句子：Liz and Bill, two college graduates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway stations and on busy street corners. 可知他们想和其他人谈话。talk to people
【2】What they have been doing can be described as (within one word)
【答案】crazy
【解析】细节题：从第三段的句子：“It started as a crazy idea,” 可知他们做的事情很疯狂：crazy
【3】Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text? (within twelve words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】To prove people will talk to them about anything
【解析】细节题：从第三段的句子：We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything：their jobs, their clothes, their childhood
experiences, anything.”可知文章下面提到Denise and Marcia是想证明人们会和他们谈论各种事情。To prove people will talk to them about anything
【4】According to the text, what will Liz and Bill do in the future? (within seven words)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】plan more parties or attract more people
【解析】细节题：从最后一段的句子：They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. 可知他们要举行更多的聚会吸引更多的人参加谈话。plan more parties or attract more people
【5】According to the text, do they like the idea of writing a book? (within five words) ________________________________________________ 【答案】They’ll consider the idea.
【解析】细节题：从最后一段的句子：Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they’ll consider. 可知他们会考虑这个想法的：They’ll consider the idea. 【考点】考查阅读表达
8. In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of sexes”.
If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.
It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”— but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credits nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.
The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is closely linked not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS.)
【1】Children raised in a family where roles of men and women are not sharply separated are more likely to
_________________________________________________________________________________.
【答案】accept equality and cooperate with others
【解析】细节题：从第一段的句子：In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of sexes”.可知在这样的家庭长大的孩子更有可能接受平等和与人合作。accept equality and cooperate with others
【2】According to the author, the ideal family pattern should have ________________________________.
【答案】the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals
【解析】细节题：从第三段的句子：What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. 理想的家庭是能够意识到抚养孩子是需要平等的伙伴关系， the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals可知
【3】In a family being aware of the roles men play, women will not _______________________________.
【答案】receive all the credit nor the blame
【解析】细节题：从第三段的句子：specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credits nor all the blame.可知在意识到男人的作用的家庭，女性不会受到所有的赞扬和责备：receive all the credit nor the blame
【4】What is the passage mainly about?
【答案】Equal rights and equal responsibilities of men and women.
【解析】主旨题。文章的最后一段的后半句是本文的主题句，它明确说the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is closely linked not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.可知这篇文章讲的是男女的同等的权利和责任。 Equal rights and equal responsibilities of men and women. 【考点】考查阅读表达
9. A vast dust storm that blew in from the deserts of Australia’s red centre has blanketed the country’s largest city and eastern coast in a red fog，causing widespread traffic chaos and severe flight delays.
Residents from Sydney in New South Wales to Canberra inland and towns in southern Queensland awoke to a red sky and greatly reduced visibility after the country’s worst dust
storm in 70 years blew in overnight. The Sydney Harbor Bridge and Opera House were covered in the red fog and hundreds of people were reported to have breathing problems. Children，the elderly and those suffering from asthma (哮喘) or heart or lung diseases were advised to stay indoors ,as even healthy adults reported \"itchy throats\" and a metallic aftertaste in their mouths after walking through the thick fog.
Commuters used face masks，originally intended to protect them from the spread of swine flu, to hurry across the blocked streets on their way to work. Some schools were closed and sports activities were called off as the conditions pushed air pollution levels to 1500 times their normal levels – the highest on record.
Passengers at the busy Sydney Airport faced delays of up to six hours for international flights and three hours for domestic trips，and even some international flights were cancelled as visibility was reduced to just a few feet.
Locals，phoning radio stations to express their shock at the red dawn.” It’s like a nuclear winter morning，\" tourist Peter Wilson told Daily Telegraph, \"It is so terrible.\" adding that when he awoke the sky was \"bright red\" and \"all the cars were covered in dirt\".
The dust hanging over Sydney had largely cleared by midafternoon, although national carrier Qantas said severe delays would last all day because of direction-changed and late-running flights.
The sand storm，which measured more than 310 miles wide and 620 miles long， was caused by dust clouds blowing east from Australia’s dry places，which has been attacked by the worst drought on record. It covered dozens of towns and cities in two states as strong winds swept away tons of topsoil threw it high into the sky and carried it hundreds of miles.
【1】What was the face mask originally intended for? (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)[
【答案】Protecting people from the spread of swine flu
【解析】根据Commuters used face masks，originally intended to protect them from the spread of swine flu,人们戴口罩主要用来防止猪流感，故用Protecting people from the spread of swine flu。
【2】When did most residents of Sydney discover the vast storm ? (No more than 3 words) (3 marks)
【答案】In the morning
【解析】根据Residents from Sydney in New South Wales to Canberra inland and towns in southern Queensland awoke to a red sky 人们醒来后发现的，所以应该是在早晨，故用In the morning。
【3】What do you think the underlined wordQantas is? (No more than 3 words)(2 marks)
【答案】A flight company/An airline.
【解析】根据national carrier可知航空公司，故用A flight company/An airline.
【4】What is the main idea of the last paragraph ? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks) 【答案】The cause of the dust/sand storm
【解析】根据The sand storm，which measured more than 310 miles wide and 620 miles long， was caused by dust clouds blowing east from Australia’s dry places主要叙述的是风暴的原因，故用The cause of the dust/sand storm。 【考点】 阅读表达。
10. Everyone has dreams and they obey the rules that if you can dream it, you can achieve it! Here are four goals for people to reach a perfect life in their future.
The first goal common to all of us is health and energy. We all want to be healthy and fit, to have high levels of energy and to live free of pains and illnesses. Today, with the incredible advances in medical science, the quality of our health and fitness, and our lifespan, is largely determined by design, not by chance. People with excellent health habits are far healthier, have more energy, and live longer and better than people who have poor health habits. Remember that health is not everything, but without health everything is nothing!
The second goal that we all have in common is to enjoy excellent relationships--- intimate, personal or social--- with the people we like and respect, and who like and respect us in turn. Fully 85% of your happiness will be determined by the quality of your relationships at each stage, and in each area, of your life. How well you get along with people, and how much they like, love and respect you, have more impact on the quality of your life than perhaps any other factor.
The third common goal is to do work that we enjoy, to do it well, and to be well paid for it. You want to be able to get and keep the job you want, to get paid more and elevated faster. You want to earn the very most that is possible for you at each stage of your career, whatever you do.
The fourth goal we all have in common is to achieve financial independence. You want to reach the point in life where you have enough money so that you never have to worry about money again. You want to completely be free of financial worries. You want to be able to order dinner in a restaurant without referring to the price listings to determine what you want to eat. 【1】What does this passage chiefly talk about? (No more than 15 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Four goals that will produce a perfect life in the future. /Four goals for (in) your perfect life.
【解析】从第一段第二句文章的主题句Here are four goals for people to reach a perfect life in their future可知文章主要讲述四个目标让人们实现未来完美生活。
【2】Why does the author put health ahead of other goals? (No more than 20 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Because without health everything is nothing. / Because healthy people have more energy, and live longer and better than people who are not healthy.
【解析】从第二段最后一句Remember that health is not everything, but without health everything is nothing!可得知答案。
【3】Judging from the passage, what directly influences most of your happiness? (No more than 20 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The quality of our relationships at each stage, and in each area, of our life. / That how well we get along with people, and how much they like, love and respect us.
【解析】从第三段第二句Fully 85% of your happiness will be determined by the quality of your relationships at each stage, and in each area, of your life可得知正确答案。
【4】The underlined word “elevated” in Paragraph 4 refers to “_________”. (No more than 5 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Promoted
【解析】从划线单词所在句子的句意“你想要得到或保留你想要的工作，想多加薪或更快的提升”可得知答案。Promote为“提升，晋升”之意。
【5】How can you gain financial independence? Please give your idea in brief. (No more than 15 words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】By doing work we enjoy, doing it well, and being well paid for it. / By getting and
keeping the job we want, getting paid more and elevated faster. / By putting in a lot of hard work at each stage of our career. / By sticking to our ideal of making it to the top and striving without reservation.
【解析】从第四段第一句...to do work that we enjoy, to do it well, and to be well paid for it.或第二句You want to be able to get and keep the job you want, to get paid more and elevated faster.或第三句You want to earn the very most that is possible for you at each stage of your career, whatever you do均可以得出正确答案。 【考点】说理性议论文。
11. 阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
[1]Do you like chocolate? Most people do．Some like it in bars．Others just like big squares of
it．
[2]Say you just got a box of chocolate．Which piece do you pick first? A study carried out by a professor in the University of Virginia showed that people's choices of chocolates show their personality．If you choose a round piece, you are a person who likes to party．If you select an oval shape, you are a person who strives．You like to make things and push yourself to be successful．Picking a square shape shows that this is an honest and truthful person you can depend on．
[3]What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate．This shows you have warm feelings about the past, while dark chocolate means something else—the person who chooses it looks forward to the future．What about white chocolate? Would you like to choose it? , you may find it hard to make up your mind．Those who like chocolate with nuts are people who like to help others．
[4]Do you believe these ideas? Can chocolate tell all these things? It doesn't matter．There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolates - they eat it because they like it． 【1】What is the main idea of the text? （no more than 6 words．）
【答案】Chocolates and personality/Choices of chocolate show your personality
【解析】根据A study carried out by a professor in the University of Virginia showed that
people's choices of chocolates show their personality．及整篇的文章可知故用 Chocolates and personality/Choices of chocolate show your personality.
【2】Fill in the blank (Paragraph 3 Line 3) to complete the sentence（no more than 5 words）
【答案】If so/ If you choose it
【解析】根据Would you like to choose it?和you may find it hard to make up your mind．可知If so/ If you choose it.
【3】What does the underlined word “this”(Paragraph 2 Line 4) refer to? （no more than 8 words）
【答案】The person picking a square shape of chocolate.
【解析】根据Picking a square shape shows that和is an honest and truthful person可知The person picking a square shape of chocolate.
【4】What’s the writer’s attitude towards the information about chocolate in the text?(no more than 15 words)
【答案】The writer does not think it matters whether you believe the information or not.
【解析】根据Do you believe these ideas? Can chocolate tell all these things? It doesn't matter可知故用The writer does not think it matters whether you believe the information or not.
【5】According to the passage, what of chocolate can show your characteristics and qualities?（no more than 2 words）
【答案】shape(s) ; color(s)
【解析】根据第二三段可知说了巧克力的形状及颜色，故用shape(s) ; color(s). 【考点】阅读表达。
点评：阅读表达题型的测试目的是从多方位多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。比传统的阅读理解题更具有综合性和主观性，更能体现对考生的综合语言运用能力的考查。开放性问题是阅读表达中主观性最强的试题，要求考生结合文章的大意、个人的观点经验来回答相关问题。
12. Some recent surveys show that the health conditions of many white collar employees and office workers are rather critical. Death cases among white collar employees and office workers are increasing year by year and these cases are generally believed to have been caused by overwork and spend little time taking rest or doing exercise.
If their offices are within the distance of half an hour’s walk, some office workers now choose to go to work on foot. Ms. Wang, who works in a foreign enterprise in Beijing, has been walking to her office for more than six months now.“I usually have a tight work schedule and can’t find time to do exercise. So I choose to walk to work.”As she said, if the office is not far from home, most women would like to go to work on foot. Walking is good for their health and can help them to keep good figures as well. Apart from walking to office, one can also find time to do exercise when one is at work. The simple way is to abandon the lift. Mr.Yang who works in the Passenger Service Department at Beijing Airlines, is one of such men who frequently climb stairs to his office. “I only use the lift whenever I am with my colleagues or my boss. Otherwise, I would climb stairs instead of taking the lift.”
In addition, some office workers try to find time to go to gym at the end of a day. Ms Sunny works in a law firm. She goes to the gym several times a week when she has the time.“I go to the gym every weekend. During the weekdays, I will also go there whenever I have the time.” Ms Sunny and her husband both have a gym membership card for a whole year. The cards cost them a lot of money. However, they think it is worth it.
【1】What is the best title of the passage? (No more than 10 words.)
【答案】Office Workers Try to Keep Healthy
【解析】根据纵观全文指的是办公室的工作人员如何保持身体健康，故用Office Workers Try to Keep Healthy.
【2】How many ways that office workers keep healthy are mentioned in the passage and what are they? (No more than 15 words.)
【答案】Three. They are walking to office, abandoning the lift and going to a gym.
【解析】根据some office workers now choose to go to work on foot.及The simple way is to abandon the lift.和some office workers try to find time to go to gym at the end of a day.可知总共三项及其的内容，故用Three. They are walking to office, abandoning the lift and going to a gym.
【3】Please explain the underlined phrase “ keep good figures ” in English.(No more than 5words.)
【答案】keep slim/be in good shape.
【解析】根据Walking is good for their health and can help them 可知能够保持好的身材，故用keep slim/be in good shape.
【4】Why are death cases among white collar employees and office workers increasing year by year? (No more than 15 words.)
【答案】Because they overwork for a long time/Because they are too busy to have time for a
rest
【解析】根据generally believed to have been caused by overwork and spend little time taking rest or doing exercise.可知白领工作人员没有时间锻炼及过度劳累，故用Because they overwork for a long time/Because they are too busy to have time for a rest.
【5】As a student, which is the best way of keeping fit? (No more than 20 words.) 【答案】I think that students can do exercise during the break.
【解析】根据本文可知学生利用课余时间也应该多锻炼，故用I think that students can do exercise during the break. 【考点】阅读表达。 点评：
13. 阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后面的字数要求）。
［1］Why not take a more measured approach to a happier, healthier you? From your office to your bedroom to your car, these small changes can have a big impact on your life.
［2］Wake up ten minutes earlier. When you start your morning in a hurry, you set a stressful tone for the day. (I’m speaking from experience here.) Even ten extra minutes in the morning can help you feel more calm, collected, and ready to face the day.
［3］Spend five minutes in silence or meditation. You’ll soon realize, whether it’s in the morning or evening, that five minutes of sitting quietly with your eyes closed feels a lot longer than five minutes. But just this short silence can foster a quietness that carries through the day. When things go off the rails, simply close your eyes and recall that earlier quietness.
［4］Walk. Is there one trip you’d normally make in the car (to work, the gym, the store) that
you can make on foot? Walking saves money (good for you) and gas (good for the environment) and burns calories (around 2,000 steps equal one mile), which is good for your health.
［5］Tell someone you love them. Life is never long enough to say this as many times as it
should be said. Whether your mother, a friend, a significant other, or your dog, make it a habit to tell someone at least once a day that you love him or her. While it may feel strange at first, you will never regret it.
［6］Stand (or sit) up straight. Good posture prevents back and neck pain and even build
confidence. When driving, tilt your rearview mirror（后视镜）up a bit. You’ll have to sit up to see. At your desk, the top of your computer screen should be at eye level. Put a small cushion in the curve of your lower back, and your spine will become straight.
【1】What does the text mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words )
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】(1) Introducing some small changes impacting / influencing people’s life. (2)Suggesting small changes with a big impact on our life. (3)Making small changes that can benefit / do good to us.
【解析】主旨题：从第一段的句子：From your office to your bedroom to your car, these small changes can have a big impact on your life.可知这篇文章讲的是小改变有大不同。答案是： (1) Introducing some small changes impacting / influencing people’s life. (2)Suggesting small changes with a big impact on our life. (3)Making small changes that can benefit / do good to us.
【2】Why is getting up ten minutes earlier in the morning suggested? (No more than 16 words ) _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Because it helps (us) feel more calm and collected and ready to face the day.
【解析】细节题：从第二段的句子：Even ten extra minutes in the morning can help you feel more calm, collected, and ready to face the day.可知答案是 Because it helps (us) feel more calm and collected and ready to face the day.
【3】What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 stand for ?
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】to tell someone at least once a day that you love him or her
【解析】这里的it是形式宾语，代替to tell someone at least once a day that you love him or her
【4】How can walking benefit people and the environment? (No more than 9 words) _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】by saving money and gas and burning calories
【解析】细节题：从第四段的句子：Walking saves money (good for you) and gas (good for the environment) and burns calories (around 2,000 steps equal one mile),可知步行可以节约钱，燃气和燃烧卡路里：by saving money and gas and burning calories
【5】For what purpose should we stand or sit straight? (No more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To prevent back and neck pain and build confidence.
【解析】细节题：从最后一段的句子：Good posture prevents back and neck pain and even build confidence.可知站的直，做的直可以防止后背和脖子的疼痛，并建立自信。 To prevent back and neck pain and build confidence. 【考点】考查阅读表达
点评：阅读表达有主旨题，细节题，翻译题，同义句转换题，要求学生即抓住文章的主旨又能注意细节，对一些重点的句子理解也要透彻。
14. [l] Scientists guess that 80% of a person's weight gain comes from genetics and 20% comes from the person's environment. By 1998, more than 130 genes and gene neighbors were found to have some link to weight gain or weight loss in people. These different genes can either work all together or work in groups. This means that different people may ___________________or lose weight with difficulty for different reasons.
[2] One example of these different kinds of combinations is a family of genes that allows people to change extra fat into heat instead of storing the fat in the body. Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Other genes may affect how quickly the stomach lets the brain know that it is full. If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. Genes are also thought to be linked with a person’s fidgets in a day. Fidgeting is small movements of a person's hands, feet, arms or legs usually when the person is nervous or excited. Fidgeting actually uses a lot of energy over a day and his energy usually comes from burning fat.
[3] In one experiment about weight gain, researchers wanted to see how much energy different people used when they were resting. People in the experiment were asked to lie on a bed and not move for 40 minutes. Researchers then measured the energy the person used for breathing. They found that different people in the study used very different amounts of energy for this one job, breathing. Researchers calculated that some people in the study burned 1,067 calories per day while others burned up to 3,015 calories. Those people who burn fewer calories doing normal work or exercise have a slow metabolism(新陈代谢).
【1】What is the main idea of this passage? ( no more than 10 words. )
【答案】The relation between gene and weight gain.
【解析】整篇文章从第一段中可以看出，文章主要讲解了科学家发现基因与增肥之间的关系。即The relation between gene and weight gain.
【2】When may people eat much more than they really need ? ( no more than 12 words ) ____________________________________________________________________
【答案】When the genes don’t pass the information to the brain on time./ When the genes slow down the information to the brain.
【解析】从第二自然段If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. 可知，当基因没有及时传递信息给大脑时，即When the genes don’t pass the information to the brain on time./ When the genes slow down the information to the brain.
【3】Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words. )
【答案】gain weight easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily
【解析】后文讲到了对于增肥与基因之间的关系，科学家做了实验，所以可知，这里填gain weight easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily句意：这意味着不同的人增肥或减肥很困难是因为不同的原因。
【4】What’s the conclusion of the experiment? ( no more than 15 words. )
【答案】In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day.
【解析】从最后一段知，不同个人每天消耗卡路里是不同的，即In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day.
【5】What does the underlined word \"it\" (in Paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
【答案】the stomach
【解析】从第二段知，别的基因会对胃是否饱了这样的信息传递速度产生影响，故it指代the stomach
【考点】健康类说明文
点评：说明文是高考必考题型，此类题型比较好解答，在答题过程中注意结合题目在文章中找到答案的位置，注意字数方面的。 同时，如果字数过多可以将修饰成分去掉，只留主干部分。
15. Pollution is a growing problem that is facing the international community, but even the
actions that we take can make a difference. Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals. If we guard our actions against careless littering we can ensure a better world for everyone.
Littering is a severe problem in many countries around the world. For example, the African city of Kampala, the capitol of Uganda, is suffering from the consequences of littering. For many years the city’s poor didn’t have a proper way to dispose of trash, so garbage filled the
streets. Over the years much of the plastic garbage would slowly be pushed into the ground. This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep into the ground and has caused flooding. In many of Kampala’s poor neighborhoods whenever it rains people’s homes become flooded with water. This water is often dirty and has allowed diseases to spread. This flooding has become so bad that the Ugandan government has banned plastic bags in the entire country to stop the littering.
Trash often finds its way into the water. Today the world’s oceans are believed to have millions of tons of trash floating around in them. This creates a problem for wildlife because they may
accidentally eat the trash and die from it. Scientists have found on very remote islands baby birds that have died because their stomachs were full of trash. Fish often get tangled in plastic and will also die. Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet. We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering. If you need to throw something away, don’t toss it over your shoulder — find a trash can. If you see a friend littering tell them not to. By making this small change we can create a better world for all.
【1】What does the author say is the cause of littering? (No more than 4 words)
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Careless actions.
【解析】从第一段的句子：Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless individuals可知垃圾是一些人的粗心的行为引起的： Careless actions.
【2】How does trash cause flooding? (No more than 10 words)
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】Plastic litter prevents rain from seeping into the ground.
【解析】从第二段的句子：This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep into the ground and has caused flooding.可知塑料垃圾阻止雨水渗透到地下，引起洪水：Plastic litter prevents rain from seeping into the ground.
【3】How can local actions affect the international environment? (No more than 12 words) ________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Some pollution can cross borders and harm more than one country.
【解析】从第三段的最后一句话：Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet.可知我们的行为可能会污染其他国家。Some pollution can cross borders and harm more than one country.
【4】What does the author suggest to prevent littering? （No more than 7 words）
________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】More responsible actions by individuals.
【解析】从最后一段的句子：We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering.可知我们每个人都要负起责任来：More responsible actions by individuals.
【考点】考查阅读表达
点评：阅读表达的题目要根据文章的内容进行回答，有的是细节题，到相关的段落寻找关键句，得出答案，还有推理题，要根据相关的句子找出作者想要表达的意思，考查学生的理解力。
16. Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the
passage.
In Britain and other countries, young people usually take a “gap year”, a year off between high school and college. This idea never gained a big following in the United States. Recent news reports have suggested that interest may be growing, though there are no official numbers. Charles Deacon, the dean of admissions estimates that in the current first-year class of one
thousand six hundred students, only twenty-five percent decided to take a year off. He says this number has not changed much over the years. He says the most common reasons to have a chance to travel, but international students may take a gap year to meet requirements at home for military duty.
Some high school graduates see a year off as a chance to recover after twelve years of required education. But it can also give students a chance to explore their interest.
Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission. Experts say students can grow emotionally and intellectually as they work at
something they enjoy. The Harvard admissions office has an essay on its Web site called “Time Out or Burn Out for the Next Generation”. It praises the idea of taking time off to step back, think and enjoy gaining life experience outside the pressure of studies. Of course, a gap year is not for everyone. Students might miss their friends who go on directly to college. And parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money. A year off, away from home, can be costly.
Holly Bull is the president of the Center for Interim Programs. Her company specializes in
helping students plan their gap year. She notes that several books have been written about this subject. And she points out that many gap-year programs cost far less than a year of college. 【1】How do many colleges and universities support gap-year projects? (No more than 8 words)
【答案】By permitting students to delay their admission.
【解析】从第四段第一句Many colleges and universities support gap-year projects by permitting students to delay their admission可得知答案
【2】According to Charles Deacon, how many students in the current first-year class of his school decided to take a gap year? (No more than 8 words)
【答案】About 400 / 25 percent of students decided to take a gap year.
【解析】从第一段the dean of admissions estimates that in the current first-year class of one thousand six hundred students, only twenty-five percent decided to take a year off可以得知只有25%或 1600/4=400人决定休息一年。
【3】What is the purpose of some high school students taking a gap year?( No more than 6 words)
【答案】To recover and explore their interest.
【解析】从第三段But it can also give students a chance to explore their interest知高中生 take a gap year是为了探索发现他们的兴趣。
【4】Why do parents worry about children’s gap year? (No more than 15 words)
【答案】Because it may cost much money and make children not go to college./
Because they are worried about high costs and children’s decision not to go to college.
【解析】考查推理、判断。根据倒数第二段最后一句 parents might worry that their children will decide not to go to college once they take time off. Another concern is money可以得知答案。 【考点】文化类阅读简答
点评：文章讲述越来越多的美国学生选择take a gap year这样一种受教育方式。即休学一年，周游世界或做自己喜欢做的事情。阅读简答搜索答案的技巧：根据题于中的关键字定位原文。用来定位原文的关键词—般有两种。1．原词定位。题干中有一些外表有特点且醒目的字，如人名、地名、数字、大写字母、专有名词等，在原文中可根据这些特点快速定位；还有一些题干表达主
要意恩的词，一般是实词(名词、动词、形容词和副词)，这样的词往往直接涉及文章中的重点细节信息，有利于定位的准确性。2．近义词定位。题干中的关键字可能在原文中以同义词或者近义词的方式出现，不一定是原词的重现。即我们常说的“同义改写”或者“同义替换”。如alter/ change；choice／alternative等
17. 阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位詈卜（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[ l ]On the 15th of each month, a classroom at Pointers Run Elementary School in Maryland is packed with volunteers Students like Campbell Snoddy collect food ____________by students, parents and teachers from each classroom．Then, the children check to make sure the food isn't too old．After that, they sort it by category and put the cans and boxes into bags to be delivered to low -income senior citizens in the community．
[ 2 ] “I wanted to teach my daughter about charity．” says Julie Rosenthal, Who started the nonprofit program six years ago． \"And I wanted to teach other kids in the community, too．\" [ 3] Children make their deliveries around the 15th of the month when money from monthly Social
Security checks begins to run out and tough decisions between food and other needs have to be made．
[4 ] \"I am on a fixed income and the food has helped me out considerably,\" says Linda Testennan, a food receiver．
[5 ] “ It was really fun, and it was great to make the senior citizens happy,” says Campbell． “ It was really cool．”
[6 ] Sofia Merkowitz, another Food on the 15th volunteer, agrees．\"I really liked it because it made me feel really good that people were so happy that they got food．\"
[7]Rosenthal says that is why she has children do more than fill a bag with donated food． [8 ] \"We want the children to have firsthand experience delivering the food to the people so that they can get that feeling of really making a difference in somebody’s life, a positive difference．\" [ 9] The program started with one school delivering 30 bags of groceries． It has grown each year, and now involves 10 schools and several churches．Food on the 15th has delivered more than12, 000 bags so far．Rosenthal's goal is to expand Food on the 15th across the country and around the world．
【1】What is the passage mainly talking about? （no more than 10 words）
【答案】 It is mainly about a program called Food on the 15th.
【解析】主旨题：从最后一句话：Rosenthal's goal is to expand Food on the 15th across the country and around the world．可知答案是It is mainly about a program called Food on the 15th.
【2】List three things that the students do with the food in the program \"Food on the 15th\" （ no more than 20 words）
【答案】①collect the food ②check to make sure the food is good ③sort the food ④ put it into bags ⑤deliver the food to people in need（任意其中三个即可）
【解析】细节题：从文章的第二段可以得到答案：①collect the food ②check to make sure the food is good ③sort the food
④ put it into bags ⑤deliver the food to people in need（任意其中三个即可）
【3】Fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence．（ no more than 3 words）
【答案】donated/ given/ offered/ contributed/ given away
【解析】这里表示由学生捐赠的食物：donated/ given/ offered/ contributed/ given away用过去分词做定语。
【4】On what purpose did Julie Rosenthal start the non - profit program? （ no more than 15 words）
【答案】She wanted to teach her daughter and other kids about charity.
【解析】从第二段的内容可知答案是She wanted to teach her daughter and other kids about charity.
【5】What does the underlined word \"it\" in Para 5 probably mean? （ no more than 6 words） 【答案】To make the senior citizens happy.
【解析】从第九段的内容可知To make the senior citizens happy. 【考点】考查阅读表达
点评：阅读表达的题目要根据文章的内容进行回答，有的是细节题，到相关的段落寻找关键句，得出答案，还有推理题，要根据相关的句子找出作者想要表达的意思，考查学生的理解力。
18. Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
A wise teacher once told me that every teenager needs to experience a not-so-fun first job from working at a grocery store to the fast food industry.
Now I still remember my first day at a fast food restaurant three years ago. I wanted to save up money and buy my own car, so I applied everywhere I could that summer. The restaurant called me right away and I thought to myself, this is going to be easy. Within four hours of my first shift (.轮班)， I had angry customers who complained how slow I was. I watched in fear as a kid spilled his milk everywhere, and I heard the words that no 16-year-old boy or anyone for that matter wants to hear: \"Mike, there's a problem in the men's bathroom and you might want gloves for this one.\" I realized right away that working at the restaurant was not going to be a picnic. The manager expected a clean environment and, particularly, fast service with a friendly smile.
Over three years later I still work at that restaurant whenever I go home during vacations. I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am. Every morning the same senior citizens come in and get their morning coffees. They chat with us workers and joke around. Our smiles have just as much to do with them making us a part of their everyday lives as the coffee does.
From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion. I also learned staying
positive no matter how rough things seem to get. I will forever carry the experience that I gained at the restaurant with me as I go forward in my life.
【1】Why did the author apply everywhere that summer? (No more than 12 words) (2 marks)
【答案】Why did the author apply everywhere that summer? (No more than 12 words) (2 marks)
【解析】首先根据apply everywhere定位到文章第二段第二行so I applied everywhere I could that summer，这一题的考点是why，即问apply everywhere的原因，根据句中的so得出答案在本句的前半部分I wanted to save up money and buy my own car. 答题时注意人称的变化改成He wanted to save up money and buy his own car.
【2】What did the manager particularly expect the workers to do?
(No more than 14 words) (3 marks)
【答案】What did the manager particularly expect the worker to do? (No more than 14 words) (3 marks)
【解析】本题定位词particularly expect，位置在第二段最后一句The manager expected a clean environment and, particularly, fast service with a friendly smile.答案要写完整的句子The manger particularly expected them to offer fast service with a friendly smile.注意：这一题问manager 期待worker 做什么，而文中出现的是名词短语fast service，所以要根据常识补充餐厅服务员是给客人提供服务(offer service).
【3】Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations? (No more than 13 words) (2 marks)
【答案】Why does the author still work at the restaurant during vacations? (No more than 13 words) (2 marks)
【解析】本题利用定位词still work 定位到第四段第一句话Over three years later I still work at the restaurant whenever I go home during vacations.后面一句即是解释原因I love my co-workers there and all the customers know who I am.答案也参照第82题把人称修改He loves his co-workers and all the customers know who he is.
【4】What did the author learn from his first job? (No mom dm II words) (3 marks)
【答案】What did the author learn from his first job? (No more than 11 words) (3 marks) 【解析】本体是综合理解问作者从他的第一份工作中学到什么，根据记叙文意义升华在尾段，定位到最后一段，From my first job at the restaurant, I learned teamwork and devotion. I also
learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get.答案受字数需要合并句子，修改为He learned teamwork, devotion, and staying positive in rough situations.
19. Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 12 words.
The first fast food restaurants opened in the United Sates at the end of the 1950s. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the fast food industry continued to expand across the United Sates. Two aspects of American society that helped the fast food industry take off were teenagers and cars. Teenagers were the best workers to fill the low-skill jobs needed to work in fast food restaurants putting together hamburgers, taking orders and frying potatoes. Fast food chains also marketed themselves to people with cars by having drive-thru order windows and car hops. Car hops were waitresses who usually wore roller skates and brought the food outside the restaurant so that people could eat in their cars.
The trend of fast food chains hiring teenagers continues today. One out of every eight
Americans has worked at McDonald’s, the largest fast food chain in the United States. Fast food chains used to be found only along highways or in business areas where people need to grab a quick lunch before returning to work. Today, however, fast food restaurants can be found in sports stadiums, airports, gas stations, malls; on college campuses, cruise ships; at K-Mart, Wal-Mart; and in hospital cafeterias.
The popularity of fast food in the United States is related to the idea that people would rather eat in a place they are familiar with rather than try a new place they know nothing about. This is the philosophy behind franchises(特许经营). When a person buys a franchise, they are paying for the use of the company’s name. This system has advantages and disadvantages for the person starting the restaurant. The new franchise owner is called the “franchisee”. The
company selling its name is the “franchiser”. The franchiser brings experience, equipment, and a business plan to the deal. The franchisee puts up the money and does all the work. On the negative side, the franchiser gives up some control by not owning each restaurant or store directly. The franchisee gives up her or his ability to make personal decisions because she or he has to obey the rules of the company.
(Note: Answer the question or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS.) 【1】Fast food chains hire teenagers because ________________________________________.
【答案】their work requires low skill.
【解析】根据第一段Teenagers were the best workers to fill the low-skill jobs needed to work in fast food restaurants可知，对技术的要求很低。
【2】Fast food restaurants used to find its location according to _________________________.
【答案】the place where most people work.
【解析】根据第二段 Fast food chains used to be found only along highways or in business areas where people need to grab a quick lunch before returning to work可知，快餐店在人们工作的附近
【3】According to the author, what’s the philosophy behind franchises?
【答案】People would rather eat in a place they are familiar with.
【解析】根据第三段The popularity of fast food in the United States is related to the idea that people would rather eat in a place they are familiar with rather than try a new place they know nothing about可知
【4】What is the advantage of franchise to the franchisee? 【答案】He only needs to focus on money and the work.
【解析】根据最后一段The franchisee puts up the money and does all the work.可知，
20. [1] Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior. One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. [2] They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game, which is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher. The most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned
about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, . The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment.
[3] The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were ages two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were ages five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked (打屁股) were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. [4] Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development is. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.
【1】 What is the best title of the passage? (no more than 10 words)
【答案】Punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.
【2】Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Compared to the children's IQs whose parents use physical punishment, the result of those whose parents don't is 5 points higher.
【答案】The study says the IQs -- or intelligence quotients -- of the younger children who were not spanked(打屁股) were five points higher than those who were.
【3】Fill in the blank in paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
【答案】The lower its earnings are
【4】List three facts that lead to the most successful behavior in paragraph 2. (no more than 8 words)
【答案】Cooperation; most reward; least punishment
【5】Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 into Chinese.
【答案】两个小组都包括父母使用体罚手段的孩子和父母不使用体罚手段的孩子.
21. 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）
阅读下面短文, 请根据短文后的要求进行答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求)。
[1]When I was in primary school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. I have forgotten what the argument was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson learned that day.
[2]I was convinced that \"I \" was right and \"he\" was wrong--and he was just as convinced that __________ and \"he\" was right. The teacher decided to teach us a very important lesson. She brought us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other.
[3]In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could clearly see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. \"White,\"he answered.
[4]I couldn't believe he said the object was white, when it was obviously black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the color of the object.
[5]The teacher told me to go to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come to stand where I had been. We changed places, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer,\"White.\" it was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint it was white. Only from my side was it black.
[6]My teacher taught me a very important lesson learned that day: You must stand in the other person's shoes and look at the situation through their eyes in order to truly understand their perspective(看法)
【1】What is the main idea of the text? (Within 8 words)
_____________________________________________________________
【答案】Look at somebody or something in every aspect./Look at someone or something thoroughly.
【2】Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 4 words) _________________was unbelievable, for the object was obvious black.
【答案】What he said.
【3】What did the teacher ask the students while changing positions?(no more than 6 words) ______________________________________________________________
【答案】The color of the object(was).
【4】 Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 3 words) ______________________________________________________________
【答案】\"I\" was wrong
【5】What does the word \"it\"(the underlined word in Paragraph 5) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
______________________________________________________________ 【答案】The object.
22. 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的字数要求）。 Environmentally friendly gifts are perfect for birthdays, anniversaries, and other holidays. The quality of environmentally friendly gifts is usually comparable to or even better than the quality of gifts that are not as environmentally friendly. Because there are such a wide variety of environmentally friendly gifts available on the market, you have many great ideas to choose from. You’ll be able to buy gifts for everyone on your list and do your part to __________. You can actually give many gifts that have been made from recycled paper. The quality of
recycled paper is just as good as the paper made from raw materials, so you can give a quality gift and still do your part to protect the environment. This recycled paper is turned into gifts like journals, diaries, note cards, and similar items. Just because they’re made from recycled paper doesn’t mean that they’re going to be plain or boring. Recycled paper can be dyed many colors and gifts can be made in a wide variety of styles and textures. With the wide variety of gifts available, you’re sure to find something that your friends and family members will love.
Clothing featuring plants, animals, and flowers is popular among nature lovers. If you are able to visit a store offering nature clothing, you’ll have a wide selection to choose from. Jackets, shirts, and other clothing items can have nature scenes printed on them for your favorite nature lover. If you want to personalize these items, you can even have the receiver’s name printed on each item to make an extra-special gift. Many of these items can be made with natural fibers for an environmentally friendly gift that your loved one will enjoy for years.
Giving environmentally friendly gifts is a great way to show friends and family members with a love of nature that you care about their interests. Even the simplest gift will be appreciated if it shows that you thought about what your loved one enjoys and gave them something that fits in with their environmentally friendly lifestyle. Not only will you be giving a wonderful gift that your loved ones can enjoy for a long time, you’ll also be doing your part to protect the environment. 【1】 What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 8 words.) ______________________________________________________________
【答案】 Environmentally Friendly Gifts.
【2】 Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
There are so many gifts of this kind that you can surely find something perfect for your family or your friends.
______________________________________________________________
【答案】 With the wide variety of gifts available, you’re sure to find something that your friends and family members will love.
【3】 Please fill in the blank (in the first paragraph) with the proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 8 words.)
______________________________________________________________
【答案】 help protect the environment.
【4】Find the words that mean the same from the passage.
(1) __________ v. to mark sth. in some way to show that it belongs to a particular person (2) __________ n. a collection of things from which sth. can be chosen
【答案】(1) personalize (2) selection
【5】 Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. ______________________________________________________________
【答案】你不但能送出一份你所爱的人将会欣赏很久的极好的礼物,还能尽你的一份力量来保护环境。
(答案合理，语法正确即可得分)
你的目标不必多么远大，只要你有足够的热情去完成它。
23. 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）
［1］When we were children, it seemed that father knew everything. When we grew up and father became older, sometimes we quarreled about our own views. So I try to get on well with father.
［2］Remember the age of father. Being aware of father’s age will help us to understand him better. He has lived in the years when attitudes towards matters, such as poverty,
unemployment, higher education, were quite different from those in our time. Thus it is impossible for him to change mind totally.
［3］Listen to father. As we grew up, what our father has told us often sounds not
sophisticated(圆滑的)enough from the world we live in today. Yet I have found that sometimes the words that my father told me long time ago are remarkably useful. If father knows we respect his point of view, even if we do not share it, it will help him feel close to us.
［4］Remember that father has a past. When he was young, he lived a hard life. He came from remote village. How to stay in a strange city and how to earn money are problems he met first. He must work hard and face all kinds of difficulties. Full of wisdom, courage and hope, at last. It is a part of his life that must have affected him deeply.
［5］Accept personality from father. Most of us have mixed feelings about taking after our
father. We might feel fine about it when we are considering his admirable qualities. But we have realized that we and our fathers share those characteristics we do not admire. Accepting what we have inherited(继承)is important.
［6］Adopting any approach to get on well with our father is the issue of how we manage
ourselves. We should keep a sense of humor with our father. Remember we will have our own child and surely we will be parents. Accepting and understanding our father is a part of our life. 【1】 What is the best title of this passage? (within 8 words)
【答案】 How to get on well with father/Tips on getting on well with father
【2】 Choose one way of getting on well with father you prefer and explain the reason (within 30 words)
【答案】（1）Remember the age of my father. (2) Listen to our father.
(3) Remember that your father has a past.
(4) Accept personality from father. （可任意选择一项，并说出选择的理由）
【3】Fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words. (within 10 words)
【答案】 he worked hard and succeeded. / he achieved great success. /he realized his dream./he was successful.
【4】 Which sentence in the passage can replace the following one?
But we have come to know we both have the same features, even if we do not like them.
【答案】 But we have realized that we and our fathers share those characteristics we do not admire.
【5】 Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
【答案】可是，我发现有时候爸爸很久以前说的话现在依然非常有用。
24. 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，并根据要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
\"Wow, you got an A without even studying．\"
\"Your drawing is wonderful --you're my little Picasso．\"
If you're like most parents, you offer praise to your children believing it is the key to their success．But according to a new study, praise may do more harm than good．
For the study, after a simple IQ test, one group was told it did really well and must be very
smart．The other group was told it did really well and must have worked hard． One group was praised for intelligence, .
Asked if they wanted to take a slightly harder test, the kids praised for their intelligence were unwillingly．Of those praised for their effort, however, 90 percent were eager for a more challenging task．And on a final test the effort group performed significantly better than the group praised for its intelligence．
Many of the kids who had been labeled \"smart\" performed worst of all．The \"hard workers\" got the message that they could improve their scores by trying harder, but the \"smart\" kids believed they should do well without any effort．Thus, kids who get too much praise are less likely to take risks, are highly sensitive to failure and are more likely to give up when faced with a challenge．
Tips for Parents:
◆Avoid labels．Praising for effort sends the message that your child has the power to improve and change．Be mindful of labeling yourself and others．
◆Teach kids from an early age that the brain is a muscle that can be strengthened with practice．This sends the message that kids can directly affect their intelligence．
◆Parents often praise their kids to make themselves feel good, or to protect their kids from
failure．But it's vital for parents to help their kids to learn to deal with setbacks and to help them focus on ways to improve．
【1】What is the best title of the passage? （ Please answer within 10 words．）
【答案】Why praise can be bad for kids/ How parents should praise their kids
【2】Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
As a result of much praise, kids will lack enough courage to risk and face failure and a challenge．
【答案】Thus, kids get too much praise are less likely to take risks, are highly sensitive to failure and are more likely to give up when faced with a challenge.
【3】Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．（Please answer within 10 words．）
【答案】the other for effort / and the other was praised for effort.
【4】If your parents praise you too much, what should you do7 Why7 （Please answer within 30 words．）
【答案】Be modest and careful, Thus, we can really know ourselves and avoid being labeled “smart” and losing the quality of taking risks and facing change.
【5】Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
【答案】然而，对父母来说，帮助孩子克服挫折并帮助他们注意得以提高的方法是至关重要的。
25. Do you like chocolate? Most people do. Some like it in bars. Others just like big squares of it. Say you just got a box of chocolate. Which piece do you pick first? A study carried out by a professor in the University of Virginia showed that people’s choices of chocolates show their personality. If you choose a round piece, you are a person who likes to party. If you select an oval shape, you are a person who strives(努力). You like to make things and push yourself to be successful. Picking a square shape shows that this is an honest and truthful person you can depend on.
What kind of chocolate do you pick? Maybe you like milk chocolate. This shows you have warm feelings about the past, while dark chocolate means something else -- the person who chooses it ________. What about white chocolate? Would you like to choose it? If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind. Those who like chocolate with nuts are people who like to help others.
Do you believe these ideas? Can chocolate tell all these things? It doesn’t matter. There is one sure thing about eaters of chocolates – they eat it because they like it. 【1】What is the best title of the text? (Please answer within 8 words.)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Chocolates and personality/Choices of chocolate show your personality
【2】Which sentence in the text can be replaced by the following one? In that case, it will be difficult for you to make a decision.
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】If so, you may find it hard to make up your mind.
【3】Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 6 words.)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】looks forward to the future
【4】What’s the writer’s attitude towards the information about chocolate in the text? (Please answer within 15 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The writer does not think it matters whether you believe the information or not.
【5】Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】对于吃巧克力的人来说，有一点是肯定的，他们吃就是因为喜欢。
26. Museums have changed. They are no longer places that one “should” go to but to enjoy. At a science museum in Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Children’s Museum in New York, you can play an African drum. There are no “Do Not Touch” sign in some other museums in the USA.
More and more museum directors have realized that people learn best when they can become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, the visitors are encouraged to touch, listen, operate and experiment so as to discover scientific rules for themselves.
The purpose is not only to provide fun, but also help people feel at home in the world of science. If people don’t understand science, they will be afraid of it; and if they are afraid of science, they will not make the best use of it.
One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and spare time. Another cause is that the number of young people grow in the population. Many of them are college students or
college graduates. They see things in a new and different way. They want art that they can take part in. The same is true of science and history.
The old museums have been changing and the government is encouraging the building of new, modern museums. In the States and Canada, there are more than 6000 museums, twice as many as there were 25 years ago.
Title: 【1】 __________________________
【答案】changes of museums 【2】_________________ Science Museums Children’s Museums 【答案】kinds/types 【3】_________________ Rules Number Changes In the past Not allowed to touch 【答案】Time 【4】_________________ Nowadays encouraged to experience 6000+ Providing fun→having a good time 【答案】Purposes 【答案】3000 【5】 ___________________ 【6】 _________________→Making full use of science Wealth and spare time 【答案】understanding science 【7】________________ 【答案】Causes 【8】 _________________ of young people→wanting to experience art, science and history 【答案】The growing number 【9】____________ The government 【答案】Measures 【10】 ______________ new and modern museums. 【答案】encourages to build
27. Chinese cuisine（菜肴）is widely known and enjoyed in the world. But there is one
interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East - the ancient custom of “tonic food.” Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one’s well-being, or stave off sickness,
particularly at times when one is more likely to fall ill. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame-oil hot pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body.
In fact, some Western theories of health are similar to the beliefs in Chinese tonic food, although each takes a different path toward the very same goal. Western medicine actually
recommends some of the exact same ingredients that make up tonic foods. Sesame oil can provide lots of calories, and chicken meat is particularly high in protein. Any Western doctor should be happy to suggest such a Chinese dish after childbirth.
The elderly, weak, and young can also benefit greatly from tonic foods, especially during the winter. Some foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot,” while others, such as Chinese cabbage and radish, are seen as “cold.” One should be careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However, how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
“Warm” or “cool” tonic foods are strongly recommended. The choices for “warm” and “cool” foods range from simple sea cucumber to the delicacy of bird’s nest soup, depending on the individual’s economic circumstances.
The concept of tonic food is far from losing credibility, either with Westerners or practitioners of modern medicine. For example, up until two years ago, tonic foods were added to the meals served at a renowned hospital.
【1】What attitude do the young in the East hold towards “tonic food”?（不超过5个词）(2分)
【答案】They are increasingly ignoring it.
【2】Why are some Western theories of health considered similar to the Chinese beliefs in tonic food? (不超过11个词) （2分）
【答案】Because western medicine recommends some ingredients that make up tonic foods.
【3】 List four factors deciding the amount of tonic food. （不超过20个词）（3分）
【答案】The time of the year, how the food is prepared, what it is prepared with, and the individual’s health.
【4】 What does the passage mainly talk about? （不超过6个词）（3分） 【答案】Introduction about tonic food. / Knowledge about tonic food.
28. Scientists believe that conditions on Mars around 3.8 billion years ago were very similar to those of the early earth, when primitive organisms were spreading through our oceans. At that time, Mars would have been much warmer and wetter than it is today, with an atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide, just like that of the earth at the time. Under these conditions, it is highly probable that life may have arisen on Mars as well.
But, even if life did not arise naturally on Mars, it does not mean that it could not have existed there. According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
Even today, about 500 tons of material from Mars lands on earth every year. It is mainly in the form of the dust but occasionally a larger chunk(厚片，大块) strikes the earth. In 1911, a piece of Martian rock crashed in Egypt, killing a dog. According to Professor Davies, it is in these
chunks of rock, which were much larger and more frequent in the past that life forms could have been transported from planet to planet.
“But how could these life forms have survived their journey through space?” says Paul Davies, “The difficulty in believing this theory is that a bacterium on its own in space has to struggle itself not only against cold but also against deadly cosmic (宇宙的) radiation. But wrapped in a rock the situation is different. A rock ten meters across would shield life inside it from a lot of radiation and the temperature might only be minus 10 or 20 degrees, the sort of thing we have on earth.”
【1】 Where do some scientists suppose life probably come from? (2’) (No more than 6 words)
【答案】 It probably arises on Mars(2’)
【解析】根据Scientists believe that conditions on Mars around 3.8 billion years ago were very similar to those of the early earth, when primitive organisms were spreading through our oceans.
【2】What does Professor Paul Davies believe? (2’) (No more than 6 words)
【答案】 Life existed on Mars.(2’)
【解析】根据According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
【3】 Why could life survive when transferred from one planet to another? (3’) (No more than 12 words)
【答案】 Because the rock wrapped it inside from cold and radiation/Because a rock would shield life inside it.(3’)
【解析】根据According to Professor Paul Davies of the University of Adelaide, Australia, life forms could have been transferred between the earth and Mars in wreckage (broke pieces) created by the impact of comet(彗星) and small planets on the surface of the two planets.
【4】 List at least two differences about Mars between the past and now. (3’) (No more than 16 words)
【答案】 It was warmer and wetter, and the rocks landing on earth were larger and more frequent.(3’)
【解析】根据But wrapped in a rock the situation is different. A rock ten meters across would shield life inside it from a lot of radiation and the temperature might only be minus 10 or 20 degrees, the sort of thing we have on earth.”
29. SECTION B
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Fast food and too much TV time should not take all the blame for the weight problems. A group of researchers say that a number of aspects of modern living from lack of sleep to
environmental chemicals and to living with air conditioning ——may be closely related to the weight problems of many people.
Lack of sleep is one of factors. Research in animals and humans suggest that a lack of sleep over a long time can increase appetite. Studies also show that many adults and children are sleeping less than they used to. In recent decades, adults have gone from sleeping for all average of nine hours to about seven hours.
There is also evidence that industrial chemicals may increase body fat. These chemicals, which are used in products, change hormonal activity when they get into the body. Studies suggest that people have been getting more and more of these chemicals through the food chain in recent decades.
Another factor that may be making people overweight is air conditioning . The body burns calories when forced to eat less in hot and wet weather, but air conditioning makes it unnecessary for the body to make any adjustment.
Researchers also list other possible risk factors for overweight , including more older mothers, whose children may become overweight more easily; a number of medicines which can lead to weight gain ; and fewer people who smoke, since people often gain weight when they stop smoking because nicotine can make people eat less.
No one is suggesting that people should stop working and sleep more, or keep smoking. When it comes to any person's weight, what really matters is how much they eat and how much of the food they use every day. That means diet and exercise are still the key.
81. Why does lack of sleep will result in weight problem? (no more than 5 words) _______________________________________________________
82. How long do adults averagely sleep nowadays? (no more than 2 words) _______________________________________________________
83. How do the industrial chemicals affecting our weight come into our body? ( no more than 4 words)
________________________________________________________ 84. What’s the main idea of this passage? (no more than 18 words) ________________________________________________________
【答案】81.because it can increase appetite 82.7 hours 83.through the food chain 84.a number of aspects of modern living may be closely related to the weight problems of many people 【解析】略
30. 第一节 阅读表达：（共计5小题每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题，请清楚问题后的词数要求。
It was a hot summer day that found me running down the street with a dollar in my sweaty hand. The closer I got to Sam & Joe's Stationery Store, the more excited I was. After all, a dollar was a tidy sum for an 11-year-old boy in 1961.
Out of breath, I swung open the door and got a blast of cold air that instantly cooled me off. I was in a place of pure happiness. Sam & Joe's had it all一books, candy, toys, baseball cards，puzzles and games. I went directly to the bar and ordered a bottle of soda. There I sat, considering my next move.
Books always came first. I picked out five titles. Next came the candy, rows and rows of it. I chose five candy bars, which brought my total to 75 cents. Then a bottle of cold orange juice, a bag of chips and a pack of Ted Williams baseball cards. After paying the clerk, I still had 5 cents. I hurried directly to my backyard, where an apple tree patiently waited for me. There, sitting in the shade against its strong trunk, I read my books, ate my candy and drank my orange juice. As I sat in my own personal heaven，I started thinking about having more. That's when a fantastic life-changing idea popped into head: If I could get more money, I could buy more books l liked, buy anything l wanted. That's how it all started.
【1】How did the boy fell on his way to Sam & Joe’s(no more than 5 words)
【答案】He felt excited.
【解析】He felt excited.根据第一段的The closer I got to Sam & Joe's Stationery Store, the more excited I was可知，回答He felt excited.
【2】What does”a tidy sum”mean in Paragraph 1?(no more than 5 words)
【答案】Much/A lot of /A great amount of money
【解析】Much/A lot of /A great amount of money 根据下文内容可知，作者买了很多东西，以及上文的excited可知，作者很激动，故推断指的是一大笔钱，故回答much money或者a lot of money或者a great amount of money.
【3】What did the boy consider doing first after he ordered soda?(no more than 5 words)
【答案】He considered buying books.
【解析】He considered buying books. 根据第三代的Books always came first.可知，作者考虑买书，故回答he considered buying books.
【4】What did the boy do while reading?(no more than 5 words)
【答案】He ate and drank.
【解析】He ate and drank. 根据倒数第二段的I read my books, ate my candy and drank my orange juice.可知回答He ate and drank.
【5】Where was the boy’s”personal heaven”?(no more than 9 words) 【答案】It was under the apple tree in the backyard.
【解析】It was under the apple tree in the backyard. 根据上文的I hurried directly to my
backyard, where an apple tree patiently waited for me. There, sitting in the shade against its strong trunk,可知，作者的天堂就是后院的苹果树下。 【考点】考查内容归纳
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