六级翻译中英20篇

1中国传统元素

中国传统元素是指被广泛认可的中国传统形象、符号或风俗习惯等。它们能够反映中国传统文化的精髓，是中国特有的元素。中国传统元素体现在文学、艺术、建筑、饮食、服饰及风俗习惯等多个方面。从唐诗宋词、京戏脸谱、雕梁画栋、中餐茶品到唐装刺绣，无不体现着魅力非凡的中国元素。中国传元素植根于深厚的中国传统文化，它对中国当代及后世的发展有着不可忽视的重要作用，值得我们继续传承下去。

Traditional Chinese elements refer to the widely recognized traditional Chinese images, symbols or customs etc. They can reflect the essence of Chinese traditional culture and are unique to China. Traditional Chinese elements are embodied in literature, art, architecture, food, costume and customs, etc. The poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties, Peking Opera facial makeup, richly ornamented buildings, Chinese food and tea, Tang suit and embroidery all embody charismatic Chinese elements. Having been deeply rooted in the profound traditional culture of China, traditional Chinese elements play a significant role that cannot be ignored in the development of both contemporary and future societies of China, and are worth passing down on and on.

2除夕

除夕可谓是中国传统节日中最重要的节日。它是指农历年的最后一个晚上，即农历新年的前夕。除夕，从字面上来看，就是“辞旧迎新”之意，象征着旧的一年即将终结和新的一年即将开始。除夕是举家团圆之夜，即使出门在外，身在他乡，千里迢迢，人们也要赶回家和亲人团聚。这一天，挂起灯笼的房子不但要打扫得干干净净，人们还要贴门神、

春联和年画，夜里十二点还要放爆竹以示庆祝。除夕之夜，人们往往通宵不眠，叫做“守岁”；大家欢聚酣饮，共享天伦之乐。

New Year’s Eve can be called the most important festival among traditional Chinese festivals. It refers to the night of the last day in a lunar year, that is, New Year’s Eve of a lunar new year. New Year’s Eve, in the literal sense in Chinese, means seeing off the old days and ushering in a new year. It symbolizes the end of the old year and the beginning of a new year. New Year’s Eve is a night for the family reunion of the whole family. People will rush thousands of miles home for the family reunion even if they are far away from home, in alien land. On New Year’s Eve, the house with lanterns hung out is thoroughly cleaned and its doors are decorated with door-gods, spring couplet and New Year’s paintings. Firecrackers are also set off at twelve’s o’clock on the night for celebration. On New Year’s Eve, people often stay up all night, which is known as “staying up”, gather for drinking and share the happiness of a family reunion.

3兵马俑

兵马俑即制成兵马（战车、战马、士兵）形状的陶制殉葬品，是我国古代墓葬雕塑的一个类别。兵马俑位于西安市秦始皇陵内，是秦始皇的陪葬品。墓葬坑内的兵马俑与真小一致，神态各异，栩栩如生，而且规模庞大，蔚为壮观。1978年，法国前总统希拉克在以巴黎的身份参观了秦始皇兵马俑之后，赞叹兵马俑堪称师姐第奇迹，必看秦俑，就不能算来了中国。从此，秦始皇兵马俑便有了“世界第奇观”的美誉。

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses are funerary objects made of clay in the

shape of warriors and horses (chariots, horses, and soldiers). They are a category of ancient Chinese tomb sculpture. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses are located in the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang in Xi’an. They are burial articles of Qin Shi Huang. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in the burial pits are of life-like sizes, look different and are true to life. They are of huge scale and magnificent. Former French President Chirac visited the Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang in 1987 in the capacity of mayor of Paris and praised it as “the eighth wonder of the world.” He said that one is not said to have been to China if he has not paid a visit to the Terracotta Warriors and Horses. Since then, the Terracotta and Horses have enjoyed the reputation of “the eighth wonder of the world”

4 四大发明

中国四大发明是指中国古代的四种发明。一般是指造纸术、指南针、火药、造字印刷术。这一说法最早是由英国汉学家李约瑟提出来的。人们普遍认为，这四种发明对中国古代的政治、经济、文化发展产生了巨大的推动作用。纸张的使用为书籍和文字提供了更加方便、成低廉的载体；指南针的发明使航海事业向前迈进了一大步；火药推进了军事的发展；活字印刷使图书得以大量地印刷，让普通人有更多机会接触到文字，享受前人的文明成果。

The Four Great Inventions of China refer to the four inventions of ancient China. They generally refer to papermaking, compass, gunpowder and movable type of printing. This statement was first put forward by a British Sinologist Joseph Needham. It is generally believed that these four inventions have greatly promoted the political, economic and cultural development of ancient China. The

use of paper has provided more convenient and low-cost carriers for books and languages. The invention of compass has enabled the navigation to have a big step forward. Gunpowder has promoted the military development. Moveable type printing has made it possible to print books in large quantities so that ordinary people have more access to the written language and enjoy the fruits of previous civilization.

5 农历

农历是中国的传统历法。它是根据月球的运行周期制定的历法。它以月球绕行地球一周的时间为一个月。农历对于中国古代农业的发展起着非常重要的作用，很多农事活动都是参照农历中的“二十四节气”来进行的。此外，中国重大的传统节日也都是以农历的日子来制定的。至今汉字文化圈的国家民族大都保持着庆祝传统农历节日的习俗，如春节、元宵节、端午节、中秋节和重阳节等。中国目前的日历中依然保存了农历，人们都把它作为一种重要的参考。

The lunar calendar is a traditional calendar of China. It is based on the moon. It sets the time that the moon goes around the earth once as a lunar month. The lunar calendar played a very important role in the development of agriculture in ancient China. Many farming activities were carried out with reference to the “twelve-four solar terms” on the lunar calendar. So far most of the countries and nations in the cultural circle of Chinese characters have still observed the traditional Chinese festival customs of the lunar calendar, such as the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn and the Double Ninth Festival, etc. The current Chinese calendar still retains the lunar

calendar. People all treat it as an important reference.

6 刺绣

刺绣是中国优秀的民族传统工艺之一。它是以绣针引彩线，按照设计的花样，在丝绸或是布锦上绣上各种漂亮、精美图案或文字的工艺。刺绣的运针手法五花八门，各具特色。刺绣物品可以用于生活和艺术装饰，比如服装、床上用品、台布、舞台、艺术品装饰等。在古代富裕人家，屏风、壁挂等陈设物品上也绣有精美的刺绣。能绣得一手好刺绣被公认为中国古代女性的美德之一。心灵手巧的中国古代女性把刺绣工艺发展到了极致，另人由衷地赞叹。

Embroidery is one of the excellent national traditional crafts of China. It is a craftwork of a variety of beautiful and exquisite patterns or characters embroidery on silk or cloth with needles and colored threads in accordance with the pre-designed patterns. Embroidery needle techniques are various and each has its own distinctive characteristics. Embroidery articles can be used for life and art decorations. For example, they can be used to decorate clothing, bedding, table cloth, stage, artwork, etc. Such furnishings as screens and wall hangings in the homes of the rich people in ancient times were also decorated with exquisite embroidery. Doing well in embroidery was recognized as one of the virtues of women in ancient China. Ingenious ancient Chinese women had developed the embroidery technique to perfection and thus won the sincere praise from people.

7 中国环境和能源问题

中国经济持续快速发展的同时，环境、能源等一系列问题也不断涌现出来。如何平衡经济发展和环境、能源管理问题，是摆在中国人面前的一道难题。从世界发达国家发展的历程来看，发展过程中带来的环境和能源问题在所难免，但这些国家走过的弯路中国不能再走。因此，借鉴、吸收发达国家先进的环境、能源管理经验、实现经济可持续发展是中国发展的必经之路。中国必须采取可行的具体措施、节能减排、大力发展可再生性能源。

With the sustainable and rapid development of economy in China, a series of environment and energy problems have emerged one after another. How to balance the economic development and the environment and energy management is a hard nut to crack for the Chinese people. Judging from the development process of the developed countries in the world, it is hardly possible to avoid the environment and energy problems brought about in the course of development. However, China should not repeat the detour that the developed countries had gone through. Therefore, China must take advantage of and absorb the advanced environment and energy management experience of the developed countries and realize the sustainable development of economy. This is the inevitable road for China’s social development. China must take feasible and concrete measures to serve energy, reduce emission and develop renewable energy with great efforts.

8 中医

中医指中国传统医学，是研究人体生理、病理以及疾病的诊断和防治等的一门学科。它以中国古代人民同疾病作斗争的经验和理论知识为基础。它强调人体是一个完整的系统，身体某个部位出了问题，其他部位也会受影响。所以，中医主张从整体上调理身体。同时，

中医还认为人体与自然环境有着密切的联系，自然环境的变化对人体的功能会产生影响。中药是中医里很重要的一部分，也是世界医药的重要组成部分。

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) refers to traditional medical science of China. It is a discipline to study human physiology, pathology as well as disease diagnosis and prevention. It is based on the experience and theoretical knowledge of ancient Chinese people in their struggle with diseases. It emphasizes that human body is a whole system. If any problem occurs in any part of body, other parts will also be affected. Therefore, TCM advocates an overall treatment of the body. At the same time, TCM also holds that there is a close relationship between body and natural environment and the change of natural environment will have an effect on the function of human body. Chinese herbal medicine is a very important part of Traditional Chinese Medicine and is an important part of the world medicine.

9 城镇化

“城镇化”一词的出现明显要晚于“城市化”，这是中国学者创造的一个新词。很多学者主张使用“城镇化”一词。它是指中国农村人口转化为城镇人口的过程。中国城镇化速度的加快，反映出中国经济水平的提高，但这一过程同样引发了许多社会问题，如农村耕地被非法征用，农民工进城安置不当，留守儿童得不到应有的照顾，城市交通堵塞，生态环境恶化，城市运营成本高昂等问题。有效处理这些问题有助于中国城镇化进程的良性发展。

The term “city and town-rization” appeared later than “urbanization”

obviously. It is a new term created by Chinese scholars, many of them have advocated the use of the term “city and town-rization”. It refers to the process of transforming the rural population into city or town population. The acceleration of the city and town-rization has reflected the rise of the economic level of China. However, this process has also given rise to many social problems, such as illegal expropriation of farm land, the improper placement of migrant workers in cities and the inadequate care for their left-behind children, the urban traffic congestion and the deterioration of ecological environment, the high cost of city operation, etc. It is conducive to the favorable development of the city and town-rization in China to deal with these problems effectively.

10 故宫

故宫过去被称为紫禁城。它是中国宫殿建筑之精华，也是世界闻名的古代皇家宫殿。故宫建成于1402年的明朝年间，是明清两代皇帝居住和处理国家事务的地方。它是世界上现存最大、最完整的木质结构的古建筑群。故宫之中，大小殿宇层层叠叠，大院套着小院，有大小房间900多间。亭台假山点缀其中，湖泊流水，古木森森。故宫驰名中外，被誉为世界五大宫---北京故宫、法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、美国白宫和俄罗斯克里姆林宫---之首、

The Palace Museum, formerly known as the Forbidden City, is the quintessence of the Chinese palace buildings. It is also a famous ancient royal palace. The construction of the Palace Museum was completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty. It served as the residence of the emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where they dealt with day-to-day affairs of the state. It is the largest and

most complete ancient building complex of the preserved ancient wooden structures in the world. There are over 900 rooms of different size in the Palace Museum. Palaces and temples of various sizes cascade in its big and small courtyards. Pavilions, rockeries, small lakes and ancient trees dot the courtyards here and there. The Palace Museum is world-famous and reputed as the top of the five great palaces in the world---the Palace Museum in Beijing, the French Palace of Versailles, the Buckingham Palace of Britain, the White House of the United States and the Moscow Kremlin of Russia.

11 网上购物

相对于传统购物，网上购物是一种全新的购物方式。人们坐在电脑前，通过手指轻按鼠标，足不出户就可以把想买的几乎任何东西都买回家中。买卖双方通过互联网在线进行交易，卖家以发送快递的方式，把商品送到买家的手中。网上购物有着方便、快捷、经营成本低、库存压力小等各种优势。随着技术、制度等不断完善，网上购物已经逐渐成为一种普遍的购物形式。在中国，电子商务发展迅猛，网上购物成为年轻人及大多数网民热衷的购物时尚。

Compared with traditional shopping, online shopping is an entirely new way of shopping. People can almost buy anything home simply by sitting in front of a computer and lightly clicking the mouse with their fingers without going out of doors. Sellers and buyers complete their transactions through the Internet and sellers send goods via express to buyers. Online shopping is endowed with such advantages as convenience, swiftness, low running cost and small inventory pressure. With the constant improvement and perfection of the technology and

system, online shopping has gradually become a common form of shopping. Electronic commerce has been developing rapidly in China, making online shopping fashion for young people and the majority of netizens.

12 文房四宝

笔、墨、纸、砚是中国特有的文书工具，被誉为“文房四宝”。笔（即毛笔）是我国传统书法的重要工具，可以说，汉字书法是毛笔发展的产物；墨是用于书法的黑色材料，主要成分为碳，用于书写可使字长久留存，不易褪色；纸是一种重要的书写材料，它是由植物类纤维加工制作而成的；砚是磨墨不可缺少的工具，一般由石块或是耐磨的材料制成。文房四宝除了实用之外，还有很高的收藏和观赏价值。

Brush, ink, paper and stone ink are writing tools unique to China and are known as “Four of the Study”. Brush is an important tool in traditional Chinese calligraphy, and it may well be said that Chinese calligraphy is a product of the evolution of ink brush. Ink is the black material used for writing and painting. Its main component is carbon; once used for writing characters, it can be preserved for a long time and is not easy to fade away. Paper is an important writing material made from plant fibers through processing. Ink stone, which is usually made of stones or wear-resistant materials, is an indispensable tool for grinding ink. In addition to the practical value in writing, “Four Treasure of the Study” are highly valuable for collection and admiration.

13 春节贴“福”字

春节期间贴“福”字是我国民间由来已久的风俗。“福”在汉语中指福气、福运，寄托了人们对幸福生活的向往，对美好未来的祝愿。在汉语中，“倒”与“到”读音一致，所以很多人干脆把“福”字倒过来贴，寓意是“福气已到”。“福”字上的装饰性图案也是各有特点，不尽相同，但都很漂亮。有的“福”字是民间艺人和“心灵手巧”的普通百姓用剪纸在纸上剪出来的，即剪纸图案。这种“福”字颇具艺术性，也格外美观。

It is a long-standing folk custom in China to post the Chinese character “Fu” during the Spring Festival. This character in Chinese literally means blessing and good fortune, expressing people’s yearning for a happy life and a good wish for a bright future. Since the characters meaning “upside down” and “arrival” have the same pronunciation in Chinese, many people simply post the character “Fu” upside down to indicate “the arrival of the blessing”. Decorating patterns of the character “Fu” are not exactly the same, exhibiting different features, and yet very beautiful. Some of the characters “Fu” are patterns cut out of paper with scissors by folk artists and ingenious ordinary people. They are paper-cut patterns, which are very artistic and extraordinary beautiful in appearance.

14 年夜饭

吃年夜饭是春节期间家家户户最热闹的时刻。除夕夜，丰盛的年夜菜摆满一大桌，一家人团聚在一起，围坐桌旁，欢声笑语，共享美餐。年夜饭可谓一年里最为丰盛的一顿大餐，为准备年夜饭，人们往往要提前忙上好久天，配备各种各样的食材。年夜饭上的菜各式各样、五花八门。一些地方一般少不了两种东西：一是火锅，而是鱼。火锅煮沸，热气腾腾，说明红红火火；“鱼”和“余”谐音，象征“吉庆有余”也喻示“年年有余”。

Having the feast on New Year’s Eve is the liveliest moment for every family during the Spring Festival. A big tale is filled with substantial and delicious dishes on New Year’s Eve. All the family members get together and sit around the table, laughing and sharing the feast. The feast on New Year’s Eve may well be said to be the most wonderful meal in a year. In order to prepare it, people tend to be busy for several days in advance, preparing a variety of ingredients appear on the table: One is hot pot and the other is fish. The boiling hot pot sends out warm steam, symbolizing a great boom. “Fish” and “abundance” have the same pronunciation in Chinese, symbolizing “more luck and auspiciousness” and implying “abundance year upon year”.

15 微信

微信是腾讯公司于2011年初推出的一款智能手机应用软件，目前在中国极为流行。微信有分组聊天和语音、视频对话、定位搜索附近用户等功能。微信用户可以通过智能手机客户端与好友分享文字与图片。从这个意义上来说，微信是一款即时通讯和社交智能软件。目前，随着微信的广泛普及，微信用户已经不限于以交友、沟通为目的的普通个人群体，越来越多的商家也开通了官方微信、借助微信平台推销和展示企业产品信息。因此，就目前来讲，微信也是企业宣传、推销自己的商业平台。

WeChat is a utility software of a smart phone launched by the Tencent Inc. in early 2011. It is currently very popular in China. WeChat has such functions as supporting group of chat, voice and video intercom, searching nearby users,etc. WeChat users can share words and pictures with their friends through the client end of a smart phone. In this sense, WeChat is an instant messaging and social

networking intelligent software. At present, with the extensive popularization of WeChat, its users are not limited to ordinary individual groups for making friends and communicating. More and more business information have opened their official WeChat to promote and display the business information of their enterprises via their WeChat platforms. Therefore, WeChat is also a business platform at present for the enterprises to publicize and promote themselves.

16 京剧脸谱

京剧脸谱是一种特殊的化妆方法，具有鲜明的民族特色。在京剧中，人们把人物角色按照不同的性格划分为几大类型，再根据不同角色的性格类型在扮演者脸上画上相应的脸妆。不同颜色的脸谱代表着不同的人物性格。例如，红色脸谱代表忠诚、英勇的人物性格；黑色脸谱代表正直无私、刚正不阿的人物形象；蓝色脸谱代表刚强、骁勇的人物性格；白色脸谱则代表阴险、多疑的人物形象。京剧脸谱艺术令京剧戏迷痴迷不已。它被大家公认为中华民族传统文化的一大标志。

Facial makeup in Peking Opera is a special making-up method, which has distinctive national features. Characters in Peking Opera are classified into several categories in accordance with their different personalities. Then, different characters with different personalities are made up with corresponding colors on their faces. The facial makeup of different colors demonstrate different personalities of characters. For example, red stands for personalities of loyalty and bravery; black depicts images of integrity, selflessness and uprightness; blue represents firm and brave personality; white symbolizes shy and suspicious character images. The art of facial makeup in Peking Opera fans and is generally

accepted as a main symbol of Chinese traditional culture.

17 太极拳

太极拳起源于中国，是中国武术的一种。它的动作兼具刚和柔的特点，整套拳法练习起来速度均匀，前后连贯，好像行云流水。太极拳既能用来防身，又能强身健体。太极拳是汉民族辩证思维与中国武术、传统中国艺术、中医等的完美结合。太极拳目前已经传入世界各地，很多人都开始练习太极拳。作为一种非攻击性拳术，太极拳对于人类个体的身心健康以及人类群体的和谐共处有着极为重要的作用。

Taijiquan originated in China and is a Chinese martial art. Its movements are characterized by both hard and soft martial techniques. The complete set of Taijiquan is practiced with a uniform speed and in a consistent way like floating clouds and flowing water. Taijiquan can be used not only for self-defense, but also for body building. It is a perfect combination of the dialectical thinking of Chinese people with Chinese martial arts, traditional Chinese art and traditional Chinese medicine, etc. It has now been spread all over the world and many people have started practicing it. As a non-aggressive boxing, Taijiquan plays a very significant role in promoting the physical and mental health of individual human beings and the harmonious coexistence of human groups.

18 中国年画

年画是中国画的一种，多在新年是张贴，用以烘托新年的节日气氛。年画历史久远，约始于五代和北宋年间，其渊源却可以追溯至秦汉或甚至更早时期用以驱鬼、辟邪的“门

神画”。清朝光绪年间，它被正式称为年画。年画形式上活泼明快，色彩鲜艳亮丽；题材上多种多样，包括风俗习惯、新闻轶事、传统戏曲、民间故事等，但这些题材总体上都呈现出节日的喜庆色彩。年画创作与群众生活密切相关，地区特色显著。

New Year painting is one kind of traditional Chinese paintings. New Year paintings are posted mostly during the Spring Festival to foil the holiday atmosphere. They have a long history and appeared approximately between the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasty, but their origin can date back to the “door-god paintings” used in the Qin and Han Dynasties or even earlier periods to ward off ghosts or evil spirits. They were officially named as New Year paintings during the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty. New Year paintings are lively in form, bright in color and diverse in themes, including customs, living habits, news, anecdotes, traditional operas, folk stories, etc. However, all these themes generally show festive colors. The creation of New Year paintings is closely related to the life of the masses with distinctive regional characteristics.

19 中国画

“中国画”是用毛笔、墨、彩在丝绢或纸上作的画，是中国传统的绘画形式，中国画的工具和材料有毛笔、墨、颜料、宣纸、丝绢等，题材可分为人物、山水、花鸟等。从美术史的角度来说，1840年以前的绘画统称为古画。中国画在内容和艺术创作上，体现了古人对自然、社会及与之相关联的政治、哲学、宗教、道德、文艺等方面的认识。中国画具有鲜明的民族特色和悠久的历史传统，是举世闻名的世界文化遗产之一。

“Traditional Chinese paintings” are pictures painted on tiffany or paper with

a brush dipped in water, ink and paint, which are traditional forms of paintings in China. Traditional Chinese painting tools and materials include brushes, ink, pigments, xuan paper, tiffany and others. The painting themes can be divided into figures, landscapes, flowers and birds and so on. From the perceptive of art history, paintings completed before the year 1840 are collectively referred to as ancient paintings. Chinese paintings embody in content and artistic creation the understanding by ancient people of nature and society, along with related politics, philosophy, religion, morality, literature and art etc. Chinese paintings have distinctive national features and a long historical tradition. They belong to the world-famous cultural heritage in the world.

20 重阳节

农历九月初九，为中国传统的重阳节。重阳节的起源可追溯至春秋战国时期，距今已有约2000年的历史。庆祝重阳节的活动一般包括出游赏景、爬山登高、观赏菊花、身茱萸、吃重阳糕、饮菊花酒等。重阳节又称为老人节，因为在汉语中“九九”与“久久”同音，有长寿的含义，所以人们常在此日举行祭祖和敬老崇孝的活动。重阳佳节，寓意深远，人们对它有着特殊的感情，因此历代诗词中不乏贺重阳、咏菊花的佳作。

The night day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in China. Its origin dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, about 2,000 years ago. The celebration of that day usually includes such activities as going out sightseeing, climbing mountains, enjoying watching chrysanthemums, wearing dogwood plants, eating double-ninth cakes, drinking white spirit made of chrysanthemum etc. The Double Ninth Festival is also known

as the senior citizens’ festival because “double ninth” in Chinese has the same pronunciation as “longevity”, meaning living a long life. Therefore, activities concerning ancestor worship and practice of filial piety are often held on this day. With such a profound meaning, people have special feelings for the festival. Therefore, there were no lacks of excellent poems on celebration of the Double Ninth Festival and admiration chrysanthemum in past dynasties.