unit 2 课时作业4

Section Ⅱ Learning about Language

& Using Language

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland，and has long been a favorite destination of tourists from all over the world，as well as an important cultural and political center.

With its museums，shops，wonderful historic castle，and many pubs and restaurants，there are many things for visitors to enjoy all year round.And of course，as it is in Scotland，there is a wide range of whiskies to try！

However，there is more to Edinburgh than historic monuments and tourism.Each year，the Edinburgh Festival takes place in the city.In late summer，for three weeks，the festival presents classical music，theatre，opera and dance at six major theatres and concert halls-and several smaller ones-throughout the city.Whatever your cultural tastes are，you are sure to find something to enjoy.

Local talent is always represented at the Edinburgh Festival giving Scottish composers and playwrights the opportunity to show their work and gain praises from a wider audience.

In addition，orchestras(管弦乐队)and theatre companies come from all over the world to perform at the festival.Last year saw the arrival of orchestras from the United States and Germany.

The festival has now become an important part of Scotland’s economy as well as its culture.Last year’s festival gained over ￡130

million in Edinburgh alone，and across Scotland nearly 2,900 job exist as a direct result of the festival.

The festival is so popular that it has become，in some ways，a victim(牺牲品)of its own success.The huge interest in performing there led to the setting up of a rival festival，the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.Fortunately，demand for live entertainment during the summer is so great that both festivals continue to develop.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。重点介绍了苏格兰(英国的一部分，在不列颠王国的北部)的首府爱丁堡。从旅游业到文化艺术节到经济的发展，都给予了高度的评价。

1.What does the underlined sentence“...there is more to Edinburgh than historic monuments and tourism.”mean？

A.There are more historic monuments and tourism. B.There are fewer historic monuments and tourism. C.People can see many historic monuments and tourism. D.Edinburgh is famous not only for its historic monuments，but also for many other things.

答案：D

解析：句意猜测题。根据该句下文的解释以及本段最后一句“Whatever your cultural tastes are，you are sure to find something to enjoy.”分析可知，爱丁堡不仅仅以旅游闻名，而且也以其他方面(如文化节)而闻名。

2.How many theatres and concert halls are there in Edinburgh？

A.Five. C.Less than six.

B．Six.

D．More than six.

答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段关键信息“...at six major theatres and concert halls-and several smaller ones...”暗示，那里的theatres and concert halls有超过六家。

3.What has become an important part of Scotland’s economy？ A.The Edinburgh Festival. B.The Local talent.

C.The festival and its culture. D.The orchestras. 答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“The festival has now become an important part of Scotland’s economy as well as its culture.”分析可知。

4.Why are there two festivals，the Edinburgh Festival and the Edinburgh Fringe Festival？

A.Because people there need them.

B.Because of the huge interest in performing there. C.Because one is not enough.

D.Because the government requires them. 答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“The huge interest in performing there led to the setting up of a rival festival，the Edinburgh Fringe Festival.”分析可知。

B

Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(痴呆)in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷尔蒙)，U.S.researchers reported on Thursday.

Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters_of_pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies，and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)．University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.

“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy(怀孕)are protecting the brain，including estrogen(雌激素)，which we know has many neuroprotective(保护神经的)effects，”Kinsley said.

“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals，”he added in a telephone interview.“They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”

Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.

“When people think about pregnancy，they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down，”said Kinsley，who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando，Florida.

“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain.If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy，they act differently toward young.But if she goes through pregnancy，she will sacrifice her life for her infant that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations(改变)to the brain.”

语篇解读：本文阐述了一个观点：母性特点能使女人变得更加聪明灵敏。

5.How do scientists know“Motherhood may make women smarter”？

A.Some researchers have told them. B.Many women say so.

C.They know it by experimenting on rats. D.They know it through their own experience. 答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据Tests on rats show...可知科学家是通过在老鼠身上做实验得出这个结论的。

6.What does the phrase“litters of pups”mean in the second paragraph？

A.Baby rats. C.Old rats. 答案：A

解析：词义猜测题。后面的对比who have on babies，实际上提供了一个相反的情况，所以我们可以推测those who raise two or more litters of pups中的litters of pups指的是“刚出生不久的小老鼠”。

7.“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.”What does the sentence suggest？

A.The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans. B.The experiments on the rats are very important for animals. C.The experiments on the rats are much the same as on humans. D.The experiments on the rats are much the same as on other animals.

答案：C

解析：句意理解题。科学家通过用老鼠做实验来说明人的问题。

B．Animals. D．Grown-up rats.

因为人和老鼠都属于哺乳动物，很多生理机能都相同。

8.Which title is the best for this passage？ A.Do You Want to Be Smarter. B.Motherhood Makes Women Smarter. C.Mysterious Hormones. D.An Important Study. 答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。短文第一句Motherhood may make women smarter 是主题句，据此我们可以得出答案。

Ⅱ.短文改错

Last year，I was addicted to play computer games.I found one hard to break away from the bad habit.My teacher talked to my parent about this，and they made me promise not play those games again.I tried hard，so I found it useless.The moment my fingers leave the keyboard，I would feel very comfortable.Although I was determined to forget the game，I still could not concentrate on the lessons giving in class. Fortunately，a psychological advisor in our school came to know this.He talked with me about my problem.At last，he offered his advice on what to get rid of the addiction. Now I can manage to control with myself.

答案：Last year，I was addicted to play computer games.I

playing

found one hard to break away from the bad habit. My teacher

it

talked to my parents about this，and they made me promise not ∧

to

play those games again. I tried hard，so I found it useless.The

but

moment my fingers leave the keyboard，I would feel very

left

comfortable.Although I was determined to forget the game，I still

uncomfortable

games

could not concentrate on the lessons giving in class. Fortunately，a

given

psychological advisor in our school came to know this. He talked with me about my problem.At last，he offered his advice on what to get

howrid of the addiction. Now I can manage to control with＼ myself.

Ⅲ.语法填空

A young man，while traveling through a dessert，came across a spring of clear water.__1__water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder__2__had been his teacher.After a four-day journey the young man__3__(present)the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink，smiled__4__(warm)，and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home__5__a happy heart. After the student left，the teacher let__6__student taste the water.He spit it out，__7__(say)it was awful.Apparently，it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher，“Sir，the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like__8__？”

The teacher replied，“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be__9__(sweet)．”

We understand this lesson best__10__we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace，the

proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.

语篇解读：当人们用心收礼物时才能体会到礼物的价值。 1.答案：The

解析：这里的water特指上文中提到的水，故用定冠词。 2.答案：who/that

解析：...had been his teacher是一个定语从句，修饰前面的an elder，从句中缺主语而且先行词是人，故用who或that来引导。

3.答案：presented

解析：由上下文可知，本文讲述的是过去发生的事情，故用presented。

4.答案：warmly

解析：此处应该用副词来修饰smiled，故用warmly。 5.答案：with

解析：本句意思是“这个年轻人带着愉快的心情回家了”。这里应该用介词with，with表示“具有、带着”之意。

6.答案：another

解析：由下文可知，这里是指老师让另一位学生品尝水，故用another。

7.答案：saying

解析：此处没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，主语He与say是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用saying。

8.答案：it

解析：学生问老师为何假装喜欢所喝的水，故这里用it来指代上文中提到的水。

9.答案：sweeter

解析：比较级同否定词连用表示最高级含义。本句意思是“没有什么比这更甜的了”。

10.答案：when

解析：本句意思是“当我们收到孩子们富有爱意的礼物时最能理解这一课”。when在此引导时间状语从句。

Ⅳ.语篇翻译

大英博物馆吸引(attract)了全世界的游客，因此上周我们去参观了。为了方便(convenience)起见，我们将想要见识的地方列了一张清单，这样我们就不会漏掉(leave out)任何地方。我们发现，博物馆由九个展厅构成(consist of)。每个展厅分成(divide into)几个部分，展览不同的历史珍品(historical collections)。

_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案：The British Museum attracts tourists from all over the world，so last week we visited it.For convenience，we made a list of the things we wanted to see so that we couldn’t leave out anything.The museum consists of nine showrooms.Every showroom is divided into several parts to display different historical collections.