非谓语动词 学案

一、非谓语动词的句法功能 名称 不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 语 法 功 能 主语 √ √ 宾语 √ √ 宾语补足语 √ √ √ 表语 √ √ √ √ 定语 √ √ √ √ 状语 √ √ √ 二、非谓语动词的解题总方法与思路

1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。

2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）。

3.看有没有连接词（引导词）：如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。

4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用V-ing形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用V-ed形式。

5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ having been done），否则要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。 1. _________ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.

A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. To be scolded D. Scolding

三、非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点

（一）使用非谓动词的语言结构

1）在“句子, and/or/but +句子” 的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上象非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。 2. ______ hard and you will succeed in the exam. 3. ______ hard or you will fail in the exam.

A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied

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2）在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语。

4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, _ most of his students successful in study. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 3）在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语。 5. _______ with children, I know what is needed most.

A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work

4）在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词。 6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house. A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping 7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool. A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut

5）在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。

8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy. 9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried

10. The policeman found the thief _____ his hand into an old man’s pocket and

arrested him.

A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put （二）非谓语动词考点易错点

1）表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况： 11. _______, he fell asleep quickly.

A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 12. The man won a big prize, ________ and ________. A. surprised; happy B. surprising; happy C. surprised; pleasant D. surprising; pleased

13. ____ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in. A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. Having lost

14. The students _______ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. To interest

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2）在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：

15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel. A. Worn B. wear C. dressed in D. dressing

16. _______ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips. A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated 3）在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：

17. ________ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor. A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking

18. With many problems ______, the newly selected president will have a hard time. A. remain unsettled B. remaining unsettled C. remained unsettling D. remained unsettling 19. Having some clothes _________, I cannot join you to see the film. A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D. washing 20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school. A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written 4）从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：

逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致，有时逻辑主语不一致。逻辑主语不一致时，非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语，这种现象叫做“分词的主格结构。”

21. _______ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man. A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 22. _______, I’ll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting （三）非谓语动词应注意的几点

1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。 23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in. A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. face

25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis. 26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis.

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A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim

27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university. 28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university. 29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university. A. lack B. lacking C. lacked D. to lack 2）作结果状语时，doing与 (only) to do的区别。

表示结果状语时，现在分词（v-ing）表示意料之中的结果；而不定式（to do/ only to do）表示意料之外的结果.

30. His parents were killed in the accident, (thus ) _______ him an orphan. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave 31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday.

A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 3）作主语时，非谓语动词之to do与doing 的区别。

32. _________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 4）演变成了介词或连词的分词。

英语中有些词表面上看是分词，但实际上已经变成了介词，因此应该用ing 形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。这时往往不适用非谓动词规则，而 是看英美人士的习惯。

33. ___________her age, she looks quite young.

A. Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering 5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的，有些则不是。 34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears.

A. Be scolded B. Scolded C. Scolding D. To scold 35. ________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less.

A. Studying B. Having studied C. Having been studied D. To study 6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。

36. If _______ (give) another hour, I would have finished it better. 37. While _________ (do) homework, the boy likes listening to light music. 38. After __________ (graduate), he found a job as a secretary in a company.

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