形容词的用法以及SBS2Unit5

一、本次授课目的及考点分析: 教学目标：1. 形容词的用法； 2. 副词的用法； 教学难点：1. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法； 2. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。 3. SBS2Unit5 本次课的内容：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 【名师点睛】 1. 形容词的用法 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语） The fish went bad. （作表语） We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语） (2) 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. (3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the＋形容词表示一类人或物 The rich should help the poor. 2. 副词的用法 (1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 He studies very hard. （作状语） Life here is full of joy. （作定语） When will you be back? （作表语） 一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 (1) 符合规则的： 1

情 况 一 般 情 况 以e结尾的词 以“辅音+y”结尾的词 以一个辅音字母结尾的词 多音节和部分双音节单词 加 法 直接加 -er ; -est 加 –r ; -st 变y为i再加-er ; -est 例 词 tall-taller-tallest nice-nicer-nicest dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest 在词前加 more ; most more delicious most delicious (2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表： 原 级 good , well bad , ill many , much little far 比较级 better worse more less farther / further 最高级 best worst most least farthest / furthest 二．形容词和副词比较级的用法 级别 比较程度 肯 定 形 式 否 定 形 式 表达方式和意义 例 句 备 注 原 级 同 等 程 度 As+原级+as (像……一样) Art is as interesting as music. Play as well as you can. English is not so difficult as science. She does not study so well as I do. not + so (as) +原级+as (不如……那样) 比较级 不同程度 （用于两者比较） 比较级+than (比……) Jim is older than Luky. I like pork better than beef. 比较级前面可以加 much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit等 2

程度加深 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越……） The + 比较级，the + 比较级 （越……, 越……） The +最高级+of (in) (最……) He is growing taller and taller. He studies better and better. The more books she reads, the better she understand. Spring is the best season of the year. Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 最高级 最高程度 （用于三者或三者以上） 副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略 注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的，没有比较级。 例题解析 1. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 解析： 两者比较用比较级， 表示\"发达\"用 developed, 而developing 是 \"发展中的\" 意思 2． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990. A. little B. few C. fewer D. less 解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C. 3. He has made _______ progress this term than before. A. little B. less C. fewer D. much 答案 B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用less, 而不能用fewer 4．He can't tell us ________, I think. A. important anything B. anything important C. important something D. something important. 解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B 5. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 解析：\"定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 \" 表示\"第几大……\" 应选C. 6. Bob never does his homework ________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“not as+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。 三．形容词副词比较级最高级的其他用法 （1）和冠词连用 the ＋形容词原级＋v(复)，指一类人或物 the ＋ 形容词比较级，指两者中“较…的”的那一个，eg. the younger of the two a/ an ＋形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one. 3

( a) ＋most＋形容词最高级 “非常…” eg. a most beautiful city ( 2 ) 相关结构 1) 原级比较：肯定句 as….as…., 否定句not so / as….as….. 2) 比较句： 比较级 ＋than….或more (less) ….than….. The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代词that的用法) 3) 比较级＋ and＋比较级 或 more and more＋比较级 “越来越… ” richer and richer, more and more interesting 4) The more….., the more…..“越…， 越…” The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it. 5) 比较级＋than any other ＋n. （单） （适用于范围一致时） (all) other ＋n.（复） any ＋n.(单) （适用于范围不一致时） He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class. 6) 倍数表达法。 A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. 用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double. The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍（高三倍）。 Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。 Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。 7) more…than…结构，其意往往是…rather than…，可译为“是……而不是……”或颠倒词序译作“与其说是……，不如说是……”。 That little girl is more tired than hungry. 那个小姑娘是累了而不是饿了。 She is more a mother than a wife或She is more of a mother than a wife. 她是贤妻，更是良母。 8) A is to B what C is to D A和B的关系就像C和D的关系 Air is to man what water is to fish. 空气 对于人类就像水和鱼的关系。 9) no more than= only “只不过”，言其少 not more than=at most “不多于”，“至少”，指事实。 no more …than… 和…一样不… 如单音节使用比较级形式 not more…than… 不比…更… no less than= as much as “多达” no fewer than= as many as 例：I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱只不过5元。 I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的钱不多于5元。 He is no richer than I.他和我一样穷。 He is no less determined than you. 他的决心不亚于你。 4

(no less determined than等于“其决心不亚于你”，言其大) He is not less determined than you. 他的决心不比你小。 (not less determined than等于“其决心不小于”，无言其大或小的含义) 10) 最高级＋of/ in/ among…. He is the tallest of the three/ among them/ in is class. 四．相关词语辨析 1.very 和much A）very修饰形容词、副词的原级；much修饰比较级；修饰动词用much或very much , eg. I very like English.(×),因改为：I like English very much. B) 表示状态的过去分词前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情况下，以-ed结尾的分词多用much、very much / greatly等修饰。 如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom.. C) 已转化为形容词的现在分词前用very。 如：very interesting / worrying / exciting D）too前用much/ far ,不用very。 You are much / far / a lot too nice. 另外，在too many / much, too few / little前用far。 We’ve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups. E)还有修饰词既不用very,也不用much. eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree 2. so和such A)so … that … 与such … that … 的区别。 so + 形容词 / 副词 + that … so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that … so + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that … such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that … such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that … such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that … 注意： 但当little表示“小”时用such。 如：These are such little boys that they can’t dress t hemselves. 下列so的用法是错误的： so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。 B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/ few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word 3. be too much + n. be much too+ adj. be too much for sb. 对…太过分了 4. can’t be too +adj.= can’t be +adj.+ enough “无论…都不为过” You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。 5

SBS2 Unit5 阅读文章 精读文章： It isn’t easy being a teenager It isn’t easy being parents 1. be easy being…作为…不容易 2. teenager 青少年，指十几岁的青少年 3. no matter how=however然而 4. seem to be似乎是 5. satisfied 满足的 6. according to… 根据… 泛读文章： 1. bus system 公交系统 2. as…as 和…一样 3. used to be过去是… 4. Because of 因为。。。 5. Although… 尽管… 6. even though 即使 7. miss 想念，错过 8. real home真正的家 9. definitely=absolutely绝对地 take piano lessons 上钢琴课 go out with.. 与…起出去 vote for投票给 take a course 修一门课程 a used car 二手车 apartment building公寓 rent the movie碟片出租 eat healthier food吃更健康的食物 seem to be satisfied似乎很满意 good better best好/较好/最好 no matter how I try无论我多努力 on the air广播正在播出 In my opinion... 以我的看法 as friendly as与…一样友好 upset about... 因…而心烦 always be their real home家门一直为他们敞开 区别 be used to do sth.被用来什么 The pencil is used to write. used to do sth. 过去总做某事（现在不做了）只用于过去时态：He used to get up. 他过去总是早起。 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 He is used to getting up early. 他习惯早起床。 练习与巩固 选择最佳答案填空： 1 Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run _________ to catch up with them. A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast 2. The text is very easy for you. There are ________ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 3. It's such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it. 6

A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested; interested 4. Mingming got up very _______,so he came to school half an hour ______. A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late 5. I am ________ worried about y parents' healthy conditions. A. some times B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times 6. We don't have ________ every day. A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much school work 7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running! --Oh, yes! They are nearly _______. A. up and down B. slower and slower C. more or less D. neck and neck 8. ______ children there are in family,_______ their life will be. A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer 9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ________. A. more and more rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. richer and richest 10. Which lesson is _______, this one or that one? A. difficult B. much difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult 11. \"A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m.\" said the policeman _______. A. serious, serious B. seriously, seriously C. seriously, serious D. serious, seriously 12. ________ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge? A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 13. In our city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August. A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter 14. This pencil is ______ that one. A. so long as B. as longer as C. longer than D. not as longest as 15. The station is two kilometers _______ the hospital. A. away to B. far away C. far from D. away from 16. Beijing has ______ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours. A. so B. very C. too D. much 17. This box is ______ heavy ________ I can't carry it. A. too, to B. so, that C. very, that D. too, that 18. India has the second _______ population in the world. A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest 19. Mary received ________ many postcards at Christmas. A. so B. such C. too D. even 20. The cake smells ______. Please throw it away. A. good B. badly C. bad D. well 21. --- What was the weather like yesterday? --- It was terrible. It rained so ________ that people could _______ go out. A. hardly…hard B. hardly… hardly C. hard… hardly D. hard… hard 22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven't got everything ready_____. A. ever B. already C. yet D. still 23. --- What about the English novel? 7

--- It's not very difficult. There are only ________ new words in it. A. few B. a few C. many D. a little 24. How beautiful she sings! I've never heard ________. A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice 25. Mr Smith always has ________ to tell us. A. some good pieces of news B. some pieces of good news C.some good piece of news D. some piece of good new 26. I'm afraid the headmaster is _________ busy to meet the visitors. A. too much B. much too C. so much D. very much 27. - Dad , when will you be free? You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago. -- I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a ______ holiday soon. A. four-days B. four-day C. four days D. four day 28. The scenery in Sanya looks ________, especially \"Tian Ya Hai Jiao\" is ________. A, well, best B. fine, the most famous C. nice, better D. beautifully, the best 29. What a _______ day it is! Let's go out for a walk. A. windy B. lovely C. rainy D.cloudy 30. Of the two Australian students , Masha is ______ one. I think you can find her easily. A, tallest B, the taller C. taller D. the tallest Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次）: A. storm B. hungrier C. amazing D. really E. then F. active G. himself H. compared I. laugh at Indian boy Piscine Patel is troubled by his first name. It sounds like a rude word, and his classmates 51 him. He decides to change his name to “Pi”. But Pi’s name problems are nothing 52 to what is waiting for him. Pi’s father owns a zoo. He decides to move to Canada. The family, together with all the zoo animals, set sail across the Pacific. One day, a huge 53 hits the ship. The next morning, Pi finds his family has sunk with the ship. He is the only person still alive. He finds on a lifeboat with several animals, one of which is a tiger called Richard Parker. Soon, all the animals are killed and Pi is left alone with the tiger. As the tiger becomes 55 , Pi starts to fish to feed him. Otherwise, he himself will become the food. The boy and the tiger develop an 56 relationship on the sea. Although he feels hopeless, Pi never gives up. After 227 days, the lifeboat finally lands on a beach in Mexico, but Richard Parker runs away into the forest. The ship company finds Pi and asks what happened. Pi tells them about Richard Parker but the company doesn’t believe him. Pi 57 tells another story in which there is no tiger, but some other shocking details. Is there 58 another story? If so, which one is the truth? Maybe you will have your own answer after watching The Life of Pi(《少年派的奇幻漂流》), the latest 3D movie from American Chinese director Ang Lee. The film speaks of the relationship between humans and nature. It opened in Chinese mainland theatres on Nov. 22, 2012. 8

Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文): Head teacher, teachers, grandparents, parents and classmates, I’m very proud that I have been chosen to speak to you all today. I’m a bit 80 as I’ve never made a speech before to so many people, so please forgive me if it shows! As we all know, this is the school leavers’ party, and it’s time to say 81 to everyone. We’re sorry to leave you at the end of our junior high school education, and we promise that we’ll never forget the happy times we have spent in these buildings with you all. I’d like to thank three groups of people for the three things I’ve learnt while I’ve been a student at our school. The three things are friendship, love and 82 . The first group is my friends, and what I’ve learnt is the importance of friendship. We’ve worked hard together, we’ve even shared some difficult times together, but we’ve also had a lot of fun. Many of us will go to new schools and we may not see each other so often in the future. Others will go on to senior high school and continue their close friendships. But friends don’t have to see each other 83 . Sometimes the friends you treasure most are the friends you see less often. A life without old friends is like a day without sunshine. We’ll always stay in touch. The second group is our parents and grandparents. We thank you for the love you have shown us during our years at junior high school, for making a home where we feel both safe and relaxed, and where we can prepare ourselves for our school days. And finally, the third group is our teachers. We can never 84 you back for your kindness, your patience, and knowledge which you have offered us. Sometimes you’ve been strict with us; sometimes you’ve made us work very hard. But you have always been fair and you’ll always be our role models. There’s a saying from Ireland which is a favourite of mine: Strangers are only friends you haven’t met yet. I couldn’t say it 85 myself. So from the bottom of my heart, I thank you all and wish you success for the future. 80. A) excited 81. A) hello 82. A) time 83. A) in time 84. A) pay 85. A) good B) nervous B) thanks B) money B) all the time B) give B) well C) forgetful C) goodbye C) knowledge C) at a time C) send D) shocked D) apology D) energy D) for the first time D) get C) better D) best C. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给): Shopping used to mean actually going to shops, but nowadays, you can shop without even leaving your house. Just sit in front of your computer, click your m 86 and your things will be sent to your house in a matter of days. Nov. 11 was a big day for people who liked shopping online. Many online stores o 87 a big discount(打折) and free delivery service. On that day, the biggest online shopping sites in China, taobao.com and tmall.com, sold things worth 19.1 billion yuan in total. “Goods online are often much c 88 . It also saves me a lot of time. And we often have more c on many online stores than in shopping malls,” Wang Xin, an online shopping lover in Beijing, said to China Daily. Another big advantage of online shopping is that it helps people get things from different cities, even 9

different countries, with ease. “I like eating duck neck very much and I often buy it on Taobao from shops in Wuhan. It’s much more delicious than w 90 our local stores sell,” said Zhang Xi, a girl in Yangzhou. While enjoying online shopping, many people also have worries, especially for middle school student buyers. Young students are e 91 attracted by advertisements on the Internet and buy things they don’t need. “Middle school students should pay more a 92 to their study. Searching for things wastes their time,” said Jing Chunling, an education expert. “Online shop owners have no idea of the ages of their buyers. It’s dangerous when young students buy things such as cigarettes and wines so conveniently.” 1-5 CCADC 6-10 DDBCC 11-15 DCDCD 16-20 ABDAC 21-25 CCADB 26-30 BBBBB 51. I 52. H 53. A . G 55. B 56. C 57. E 58. D Ⅵ. B) 80.B 81.C 82.C 83.B 84.A 85.C C) 86. mouse 87. offered 88. cheaper . choices 90. what 91. easily 92. attention

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