完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图46892

(一) 状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气在if引导的从句(条件) 条件句中的用法三点: 反的虚拟条件句 反的拟条件句 反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式(be用were) 主语+would(should could might)+动词meeting、 If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 caught the train、 1、If+主语+动词过去式 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 If I were to go abroad, I would go to America、 错综时间条件句—有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作,发生的时间不一致,这就是动作的形—主从句时间不一式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 致的情况下的虚拟If you had followed my advice, you would be better now、 语气 含蓄条件句 用倒装语序的情况 If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now、 有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来,而就是用介词短语(otherwise,or,without,but for)上下文或其她方式来表示。 She would have died without my help、。 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中,有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去,而将had,should,were等助动词提到主语之前。 例:原句:1: If she were younger, she,would do it、 2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him、 去if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing、 去if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing、 1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。 He treats the boy as if he were his own son、 主语+would(could should might)+动词原型 主语+would(should could 表示于现在事实相If I had time, I would attend the 原型 主句(目的) 表示与过去事实相If he had hurried, he could have might)+have+动词的过去分词 表示与将来事实相2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 条件从句中省略if采去if:Were she younger, she would do it、 虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中 2.表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用过去完成时 He spoke as if he had known about it、 3．表示与将来事实相反,(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game 、 注意:1、在as if/as though 句中,如果有可能成为事实,用陈述语气。 例:He looks as if he going to be ill、 2、as though或as if引导的状语从句,从句主语与主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语与部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在 lest,for fear that,so that及in order that谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 引导的目的状语从For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella、 句中表示“以防,以免”等意思 “In case”引导的从句(should)+动词原型 中即可用陈述句,也例:1、The game will be put off in case it (should) snow、 可以用虚拟语气 2、The game will be put off in case it snows、 (二)名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一:宾语从句中的虚拟语对现在情况的虚拟:从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。 气 I wish (that) I were a bird、 1、在动词wish/hope后对过去情况的虚拟:从句谓语动词用过去完成时,或would,could,might+现的宾语从句中的虚拟语在完成时。 气,表示一种不可能实现I wish (that) I had seen the film last night、 的愿望。 对将来情况的虚拟:从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 I wish (that) I would\\could go、 均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气,“should”常被省略。 We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off、 They insisted that the boy (should) go with them、 常用的此类动词有: 表示“提议,劝告,建议”的:propose, suggest, recommend, advise、 在表示建议,命令,要求,表示“要求”的:ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 忠告,等动词的后面的宾表示“同意,坚持”的:insist 语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“决定,命令”的:decide, order 注意:suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时,即它们用于其本意暗示,表明,坚持认为时,宾语从句用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested (暗示)that he was satisfied with our work、 The man insisted 【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money、 Would 的虚拟语气 rather,had 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。 I would rather you had gone there last Sunday、 注意:1、若某人愿自己做某事,would rather后用动词原型 2、would rather…、、than……中用动词原型 I would rather do it by myself、 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema、 主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that…、”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should It’s quite necessary that we should have a walk now、 常用的形容rather,后的宾语从句中I would rather you told me the truth、 词:natural,appropriate,advisable,necessary,important,urgent,probable,possible,desirable,strange。 注意:在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中,谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。 例:I don’t think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience、(汤姆缺乏经验,指派她做这项工作我认为就是不恰当的)、 在“It is (was)+名词表示建议,命令,请求,道歉,怀疑,惊奇等。 +that…、、”结构句中的It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance、 虚拟语气 这类名词有:advice,decision,desire,demand,idea,order,pity,proposal,recommendation,suggestion,surprise,wish,wonder等。 二.表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。 My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it、 某些表示建议,请求,命We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off、 令等主观意向的名词做在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required…、 主语时,其后的表语从句that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型 或同位语从句需用虚拟It is demanded that we should work out a plan、 语气 这类名词常见的有:demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,necessity,proposal,plan,idea。 在It is (about/high) time+that 定语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“该做……、、的时候其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型 了” It is high time that you went / should go to school、 注意:在this is the first time/ second time that…、句型中,从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。 This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success、