(完整版)外研社小学英语一起小学四年级下语法总结及练习题

祈使句

表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思.祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”．句末用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读.肯定结构都以动词原形开头祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式

,即

,例如：Sit down 坐下!

Stand up 起立!

.

1)Do型（以行为动词原形开头）

2)Be型（以be开头）,例如：Be quiet！安静!3)Let型（以let开头）,例如：Let me help you.祈使句的否定结构是以

“Don’ｔ＋动词原形”开头.例如：

Don’t go there,please．请别去那儿.Don’t be late．不要迟到

用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. __________ (not, be) late.

2. ____________ (dust) the dressing table.

3. ____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food. 4. ____________ (not, talk) and ____________ (read) a book. 5. ____________ (not, drop) the nice vase, Sam. 6. ____________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. ____________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. 8. ____________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. ____________ (open) the window and ____________ (shut) the door. 10. Let’s ____________ (sweep) the floor.

根据要求改写句子

1. Will you please read it again more slowly?

（改为祈使句）

__________ __________ again more slowly, please. 2. Please sit next to Nancy.

（改为否定句）

__________ __________ next to Nancy. 3. Come to my house tomorrow.

（改为否定句）

__________ come to my house tomorrow. 4. Wear the glasses!

（改为否定句）

___________ wear the glasses! 5. Don’t wash your hands! (改成肯定句)

___________ your hands!

一般过去时

时间状语：

1.yesterday，morning(afternoon,

evening)等

2.由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等3.由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等4.其它：justnow等Was，were的一般过去时构成：

肯定句式：主语否定句式：主语

+be(was,were)+其它.+be(was,were)+not+其它.

一般疑问句：Be(was,were)+主语+其它？

肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ be(was,were)否定回答：No, 主语+be(was,were)+not.

含有实义动词（行为动词）的一般过去时的主结构：构成：

肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。

否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其它。didnot缩写为didn’ｔ一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?动词的适当形式填空1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

I________upathalfpastsixthismorning.(get)

Mymother____________alotoffruityesterdayafternoon.(buy)They_________________ameetingyesterday.(nothave)Thetwins_________thirteentwoyearsago.(be)I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.Theyall_________(go)She_________ (not

tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.

She________(stay)athome.

visit)herauntlastweekend.

He __________(work) in that bank four years ago. I __________(see) him yesterday.

10. The boy __________(have) a bad cold yesterday. 11. He __________(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday. 12. I __________(buy) a coat just now..

用括号里动词的适当形式填空

Last year Mr. Smith ___________ (go ) to China and Japan. He ___________ (have) a wonderful time. He ___________ (do) a lot of different things and ___________ (talk) to a great number of different people. He ___________ (eat) Chinese and Japanese food and ___________ (visit) a lot of interesting places. When he ___________ (go) back to England, he ___________ (be) very tired.

现在进行时

定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：由be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式构成

常用的时间状语：“now”“look“”listen“”at the (this) moment”．I am doing my homework now. Look! My mother is running!!! Listen! They are reading.

At the (this) moment, he is only weeping.

1. A: What is she_____________(do)?

B: She_______________(cook)dinner in the kitchen now. 2. Listen! Who _________________(sing)? 3. A: What___________ they ____________(do)?

B: They__________________(run)on the grass now. 4. Are they_____________(fly)kites? Yes, they are.

5. A: ___________the girls____________(catch)the butterflies?

B: No, they aren't. They____________ (pick)up leaves. 6. Bob _______________(swim)in the pool now. 7. They are_______________(make) a snowman.

8. The boys _________________(take) pictures in the garden now.

9. It's 12:00，the students ______________(have) lunch in the canteen now. 10. My father_______________(wash) his car outside now.

11. A: ______________ your brothers ______________(play) computer games now? B: Yes, they are. 12. I like_____________(dive) and________________(swim).

13. Look! The kangaroo_______________(jump), and the panda_________________ (sleep).