(11)普外科疾病[surgical diseases] •furuncle (carbuncle)*疖(痈)]
•cellulitis (abscess)*蜂窝织炎(脓肿)]
•lymphangitis (lymphadenitis)*淋巴管(结)炎] •paronychia*甲沟(周)炎] •subungual abscess*甲下脓肿] •tenosynovitis*腱鞘炎]
•dry (moist,gas) gangrene*干(湿,气)性坏疽] •necrosis (ulcer)*坏死(溃疡)] •sinus (fistula)*窦道(瘘)] •wart (cyst)*疣(囊肿)]
•fibroma (neurofibrom)*(神经)纤维瘤] •imperforatus (atresia)*闭锁] •stenosis*狭窄]
•dipoma (hemangioma)*脂肪(血管)瘤] •nevus (melanoma)*黑痣(黑色素瘤)] •thyroglossal cyst *甲状舌骨囊肿]
•tuberculosis of cervical lymph node*颈淋巴结结核] •thyroid adenoma (carcinoma)*甲状腺腺瘤(癌)] •nodular goiter*结节性甲状腺肿]
•tracheo-esophageal fistula[气管-食管瘘]
•esophageal atresia (cicatricial stricture of esophagus) *食管闭锁(疤痕性狭 窄)]
•esophageal adenoma (polyp,fibroma,leiomyoma)*食管腺瘤(息肉,纤维瘤, 平滑肌瘤)]
•carcinoma of esophagus[食管癌] •cyst of sebaceous gland*皮脂腺囊肿] •fibrosarcoma *纤维肉瘤] •adenocarcinoma*腺癌]
•direct (indirect) inguinal herina*腹股沟直(斜)疝]
•femoral (umbilical,incisional, internal)hernia*股(脐,切口,腹内)疝] •acute (tuberculous) peritonitis*急性(结核性)腹膜炎] •subphrenic (pelvis) abscess[膈下(盆腔)脓肿]
•retroperitoneal abscess(tumor)*后腹膜脓肿(肿瘤)] •abscess of iliac fossa*髂窝脓肿] •torsion of omentum *大网膜扭转]
•gastric (duodenal) ulcer*胃(十二指肠)溃疡]
•acute perforation (massive hemorrhage)*急性穿孔(大出血)] •pyloric obstruction*幽门梗阻]
•polyp (adenoma, papilloma, carcinoma) of stomach[胃息肉(腺瘤,乳头状 腺瘤,癌)]
•gastric sarcoma*胃肉瘤]
•acute dilatation of stomach *急性胃扩张] •ulcerative colitis *溃疡性结肠炎]
•acute necrotizing enteritis *急性坏死性肠炎]
•adhesive (adynamic, complete, incomplete, high ,low, mechanical, strangnlating, simple) obstruction of intestiine[粘连性(麻痹性,完全性, 不完全性,高位,低位,机械性,狭窄性,单纯性)肠梗阻] •intussusception (volvulus)*肠套叠(扭转)]
•mesenterin embolism (thrombosis)*肠系膜动脉栓塞(静脉血栓形成)] •duodental (gastric, small intestinal) diverticulum (diverticulitis)*十二指肠 (胃、小肠)憩室(炎)]
•prolapse of gastric mucosa*胃粘膜脱垂症]
•benign (malignant) tumor of small intestine*小肠良(恶)性肿瘤] •carcinoid of small intestine*小肠类癌] •colic polyposis*结肠息肉病] •intestinal fistula*肠瘘]
•actue simple (suppurative, gangrenous) appendicitis*急性单纯性(化脓性, 坏疽性)阑尾炎]
•congenital megacolon *先天性巨结肠] •anal fissure (fistula)*肛裂(瘘)] •perianal abscess*肛周脓肿] •cryptitis*隐窝炎]
•external (internal) hemorrhoids*外(内)痔]
•prolapse (polyp, carcinoma)of rectum*直肠脱垂(息肉,癌)] •Crohn`s disease*克隆病]
•cavernous hemangioma(carcinoma) of liver[肝海绵状血管瘤(癌)] •portal hypertension*门脉高压]
•acute (chronic) cholecystitis*急(慢)性胆囊炎]
•cholelithiasis (choledocholithiasis) *胆囊(胆总管)结石] •stone in intrahepatic bile duct *肝内胆管结石]
•acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis*急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎] •ascariasis of the biliary tract[胆道蛔症]
•carcinoma of gallbladder (bile duct)*胆囊(胆管)癌] •acute (chronic) pancreatitis*急(慢)性胰腺炎]
•edematous (hemorrhagic necrotizing) pancreatitis*水肿性(出血坏死性)胰 腺炎]
•cyst (carcinoma) of pancreas*胰腺囊肿(癌)] •rupture of spleen*脾破裂]
•abscess (cyst) of spleen*脾脓肿(囊肿)]
•splenomegaly and hypersplenism*脾肿大和脾亢] •aneurysm*动脉瘤]
•arteriovenous fistula*动静脉瘘]
•varicose vein (lymphedema) of lower extremity*下肢静脉曲张(淋巴水肿)] •phlebothrombosis (thrombophlebitis)*静脉血栓形成(血栓性静脉炎)] •thromboangitis obliterans *血栓闭塞性脉管炎]
•Raynaud disease[雷诺氏病]
(12)胸外科疾病[diseases of thoracic surgery]
•hemothorax(pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax)*血(气,血气)胸] •pneumoderma (aerodermectasia)*皮下气肿] •chylothorax*乳糜胸] •empyema thoracis*脓胸]
•emphysema of mediastinum*纵隔气肿]
•closed(open, tension) pneumothorax*闭合(开放,张力)性气胸] •hemopericardium*血心包]
•pericardial tamponade*心包填塞] •aortic aneurysm*主动脉动脉瘤]
•pectus excavatum (carinatum)*漏斗(鸡)胸]
•pulmonary cyst (abscess, gangrene, tuberculosis)*肿囊肿(脓肿,坏疽,结 核)]
•carcinoma (hamartoma, hydatid disease) of lung*肺癌(错构瘤,包虫病)] •constrictive pericarditis[缩窄性心包炎] •congenital heart disease*先天性心脏病]
•patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)*动脉导管未闭]
•auricular (ventricular) septal defect(ASD/VSD) *房(室)间隔缺损] •endocardial cushion defect *心内膜垫缺损] •coarctation of aorta *主动脉缩窄]
•rheumatic heart disease*风湿性心脏病]
•pulmonary (mitral, aortic, tricuspid) stenosis (regurgitation)*肺动脉(二尖, 主动脉,三尖)瓣狭窄(关闭不全)]
•dilated (hypertrophic) cardiomyopathy*扩张(肥厚)型心肌病] •stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract*右室流出道狭窄] •coronary fistula*冠脉瘘]
•transposition of great artery *大动脉转位] •double outlet of right ventricle *右室双出口] •Ebstein`s anomaly*爱勃斯坦畸形]
•Eisenmenger`s (Budd-Chiari`s, Lutembacher`s) syndrome[爱森曼格(布-加, 鲁登巴哈)氏综合征]
•trilogy (tetralogy) of Fallot *法乐氏三(四)联症] •coronary artery disease (CAD)*冠心病] •carcinoma of esophagus *食管癌] •esophagocele*食道疝]
•esohageal diverticulum*食管憩室] •thymoma *胸腺瘤]
•tumor of mediastinum*纵隔肿瘤] •diaphragmatic hernia*膈疝]
(13)骨科和创伤外伤疾病[diseases of orthopedics and trauma]
•complete (incomplete, closed, open, habitual, pathologic) dislocation*完全性 (不完全性,闭合,开放,习惯性,病理性)脱位] •dislocation of elbow (hip) joint *肘(髋)关节脱位]
•dislocation of shoulder*肩关节脱位]
•closed (open, compression, epiphysial, stress, impacted, multiple,
pathological)fracture[闭合性(开放性,压缩性,骨骺,疲劳,嵌入性, 多发性,病理性)骨折]
•fracture of humeral shaft (head)*肱骨干(头)骨折] •fracture of scapula*肩胛骨骨折] •clavicular fracture *锁骨骨折] •Smith fracture *史密斯骨折]
•fracture of the femoral neck (shaft) *股骨颈(干)骨折] •fracture of patella *髌骨骨折]
•fracture of sacrum (coccyx,pubis)*骶骨(尾骨,耻骨)骨折]
•acute (chronic, pyogenic) osteomyelitis*急(慢,化脓)性骨髓炎] •bone tuberculosis *骨结核]
•rheumatoid (traumatic) arthritis *类风湿(外伤性)性关节炎] •gout*痛风]
•osteomalacia*骨质软化病] •rickets*佝偻病]
•genu varum (valgum)*膝内(外)翻] •wry neck (torticollis)*斜颈]
•spina bifida manifesta(occulta)*显(隐)性脊柱裂] •syndactylia (polydactylia) *并(多)指(趾)] •flat foot *平足] •scoliosis*脊柱侧凸]
•aseptic necrosis*无菌性坏死]
•scapulohumeral periarthritis*肩周炎] •rupture of tendon*肌腱断裂]
•neurological (skin, soft tissue, vascular) injury*神经(皮肤,软组织,血管) 损伤]
•ischemic contracture*缺血性肌挛缩] •tennis player`s elbow*网球运动员肘] •synovitis (bursitis)*滑膜(滑囊)炎]
•ligamentous sprain (strain, avulsion tear)*韧带扭伤(劳损,撕脱伤,撕裂 伤)]
•seperation of the symphysis pubis *耻骨联合分离] •fragility of bone*脆骨病]
•osteoma (chondroma)*骨(软骨)瘤]
•osteochondroma (osteoid osteoma)*骨软骨瘤(骨样骨瘤)] •bone cyst*骨囊肿]
•osteoblastoma (osteoclastoma)[成(破)骨细胞瘤] •chondroblastoma*成软骨细胞瘤] •giant-cell tumor of bone[骨巨细胞瘤]
•osteosarcoma (chondrosarcoma)*(软)骨肉瘤] •fibrosarcoma of bone*骨纤维肉瘤] •hemangioma*血管瘤]
•multiple myeloma(MM)*多发性骨髓瘤] •metastatic tumor of bone*转移性骨肿瘤] •congenital deformity[先天性畸形] •Marfan`s syndrome *马凡氏综合征]
•obstetic (cerebral) palsy*产伤性(大脑性)瘫] •osteoporosis*骨质疏松]
•ankylosing spondylitis*强直性脊柱炎] •cervical spondylosis*颈椎病] •chondrophyte *软骨疣]
•disc degeneration *椎间盘退行性病变]
•degenerative joint disease*退行性关节病变] •frozen shoulder[冻肩] •ganglion*腱鞘囊肿]
•osteoarthrosis*骨关节病] •sciatica*坐骨神经痛]
•carpal tunnel syndrome*腕管综合征] •tenosynovitis*腱鞘炎] •trigger finger*板机指] •acromegaly*肢端肥大症]
•Kaschin-Back disease[大骨节病] •hemarthrosis*关节积血]
•cold(paravertebral, psoas, soft tissue, sub-periosteal)abscess[冷(椎旁,腰大 肌,软组织,骨膜下)脓肿]
•contusion (sprain, abrasion, concussion, avulsion, laceration)*挫(扭,擦, 震荡,撕脱,裂)伤]
•crush (cold) injury *挤压(冻)伤]
•punctured (penetrating, perforating, incised) wound *刺(穿入,贯通,割) 伤]
•rabies*狂犬病] •tetanus *破伤风] •snake bite[蛇咬伤]
•first (second, third) degree burn*一(二,三)度烧伤] •electric (chemical) burn*电(化学)烧伤] •fracture of skull*颅骨骨折]
•cerebral concussion (contusion)*脑震荡(挫伤)] •open(closed) trauma*开放(闭合)性外伤] •intestinal trauma (injury)*肠外伤]
•liver (pancreas) injury*肝(胰腺)外伤] •rupture of spleen(kidney)*脾(肾)破裂] (14)脑外科疾病[diseases of brain surgery] •brain abscess*脑脓肿]
•extradural (subdural) abscess (tumor)*硬膜外(下)脓肿(肿瘤)] •acoustic neuroma*听神经瘤]
•meningocele (meningoencephalocele)*脑膜膨出]
•spinal meningocele*脊膜膨出] •hydrocephalus*脑积水]
•ylioma (neurofibroma)*神经胶质(神经纤维)瘤] •meningioma*脑膜瘤]
•pituitary adenoma*垂体腺瘤] •craniopharyngioma*颅咽管瘤]
•cysticercosis (paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis) of brain*脑囊虫(肺吸虫,血 吸虫)病]
•cerebral bleeding (embolism) *脑出血(栓塞)] •cerebral hemorrhage (infarction)*脑出血(梗死)] •cerebral trauma*脑外伤]
•cerebral aneurysm*脑动脉瘤]
•cerebrovascular malformation*脑血管畸形]
•arteriovenous malformation of brain*脑动静脉畸形] •intracerebral hematoma*脑内血肿]
•hemorrhage of internal capsule*内囊出血] •hemorrhage of brain stem*脑干出血] •cerebromalacia*脑软化] •cerebral edema*脑水肿]
•cerebrovascular accident*脑血管意外] •metastatic encephaloma*转移性脑瘤] •epilepsy*癫痫]
•Parkison`s disease*帕金森氏病]
•intracranial hypertension*颅内压升高] •basicranial fracture *颅底骨折]
•intracranial space-occupying lesion[颅内占位性病变] •ependymal cyst (ependymoma)[室管膜囊肿(瘤)] •cerebral atrophy*脑萎缩] •encephalocele*脑疝]
(15)泌尿外科疾病[urological diseases] •polycystic kidney*多囊肾]
•phimosis (redundant prepuce)*包茎(包皮过长)] •hypospadias (epispadias)*尿道下(上)裂] •cryptorchidism*隐睾]
•ectopia (torsion) of testis*睾丸异位(扭转)] •extrophy of bladder [膀胱外翻] •hydrocalyx *肾盏积水] •hydronephrosis*肾积水]
•stricture of ureter*输尿管狭窄] •obstruction of urethra*尿道梗阻]
•renal (ureteral) injury*肾(输尿管)损伤]
•injury of bladder (urethra, penis, scrotum)*膀胱(尿道,阴茎,阴囊)损伤] •condyloma acuminate *尖锐湿疣]
•balanitis (balanoposthitis)[阴茎头(包皮)炎]
•cavernositis of the penis*阴茎海绵体炎] •chancroid*软下疳] •cystitis*膀胱炎]
•soft (hard) chancre*软(硬)下疳] •hypertrophy of prostate *前列腺肥大]
•eczema of the scrotum (external genitalia)*阴囊(外生殖器)湿疹] •acute (chronic) pyelonephritis *急(慢)性肾盂肾炎] •pyelitis[肾盂炎]
•pyonephritis*肾积脓]
•trichomonal prostatitis*滴虫性前列腺炎] •perinephritis *肾周围炎]
•abscess of the kidney (perinephric)*肾(周脓肿)] •acute (chronic) cystitis*急(慢)性膀胱炎]
•gonorrheal prostatitis(seminal vesiculitis, epididymitis, urethritis)*淋球菌性前 列腺炎(精囊炎,附睾炎,尿道炎)] •gonorrhea*淋病]
•bacterial urethritis*细菌性尿道炎]
•tuberculosis of kidney (prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis)*肾(前列腺, 精囊,附睾)结核]
•contracted bladder*挛缩性膀胱]
•renal (ureteral, vesicle) calculus*肾(输尿管,膀胱)结石] •carcinoma (embryoma) of kidney*肾癌(胚胎瘤)]
•papilloma (papillary carcinoma) of renal pilvis(ureter, penis, bladder)[肾盂(输 尿管,阴茎,膀胱)乳头状瘤(癌)]
•infiltrative carcinoma of bladder*膀胱浸润性癌] •caruncle of urethra*尿道肉阜]
•teratoma (seminoma) of testis*睾丸畸胎瘤(精原细胞癌)] •carcinoma (sarcoma) of prostate *前列腺癌(肉瘤)] •nephroptosis[肾下垂]
•hydrocele of the spermatic cord (testis)*精索(睾丸)鞘膜积液] •varicolele of spermatic cord*精索静脉曲张]
•elephantiasis of scrotum (penis)*阴囊(阴茎)橡皮肿] •intrascrotal filariasis*阴囊内丝虫病] •chyluria (bacteriuria)*乳糜(细菌)尿] •Cushing syndrome *柯兴综合征]
•primary (secondary) aldosteronism [原(继)发性醛固酮增多症] •virilism*女性男性化]
•adrenal pheochromocytoma*肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤]
•adenocarcinoma of bladder (prostate)*膀胱(前列腺)腺癌]
•clear (granular) cell carcinoma of kidney *肾透明(颗粒)细胞癌] •leiomyosarcoma of the bladder*膀胱平滑肌肉瘤] •polyp of the ureter*输尿管息肉]
•urethrorectal (urethrovaginal, vesicorectal, visicovaginal) fistula*尿道直肠(尿 道阴道,膀胱直肠,膀胱阴道)瘘]
•hematoma of the scrotum*阴囊血肿]
•rupture of the bladder (renal pedicle)*膀胱(肾蒂)破裂]
•acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)*爱滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综 合征)]
•thrombosis of the renal artery[肾动脉血栓形成] •renal artery stenosis*肾动脉狭窄]
•acute tubular necrosis*急性肾小管坏死] •amyloidosis of the kidney*肾淀粉样变] •neurogenic bladder*神经性膀胱]
•male(female) infertility*男(女)性不育症] •azoospermia (aspermia)*无精症] •necrospermia*死精症]
•asthenospermia (aspermatogenesis) [精子活力(生成)不足] •impotencec(y)*阴萎] •asexuality*无性欲]
•hyposexuality (hypersexuality)*性欲低下(旺盛)] •nocturnal emission*遗精] •ejaculatio praecox*早泄]
•male sterility (contraception)*男性绝(节)育] •apareunia (dyspareunia)*性交不能(困难)] •penile chordee*阴茎痛性勃起]
•sexual experience (hygiene, impulse, development, behavior, life, intercourse, precocity, stimulate, satisfaction)[性经历(卫生,冲动,发育,行为,生活, 性交,早熟,刺激,满足)]
•rectal (oral) intercourse*肛(口)交] •sodomy *鸡奸]
•masturbation*手淫] •rape*强奸]
•aidoiomania (furor genitalis)*色情狂] •homosexuality*同性恋]
•necromania (bestiality)*尸(兽)奸] •sadism*施虐狂]
•sexual abuse*性虐待] •incest*乱伦]
•voyeurism*窥淫癖] •pedophilia*恋儿癖] •fetishism*恋物癖]
•transsexualism*变性癖]
(16)妇产科疾病[diseases of obstetrics and gynecology] (1)妇科疾病[obstetrics diseases] •vulvitis*外阴炎]
•chronic vulvar dystrophy*慢性外阴营养不良]
•pruritus (leucoderma, albinism) vulvae*外阴瘙痒(白斑,白化病)] •Bartholin`s gland cyst (abscess)*前庭大腺囊肿(脓肿)]
•trichomonas (monilial, senile) vaginitis (colpitis)*滴虫(念珠菌,老年)性 阴道炎]
•cervical erosion (hypertrophy, polyp, cyst)*宫颈糜烂(肥大,息肉,囊肿)] •cervicitis*宫颈炎]
•salpingitis (ovaritis) *输卵管(卵巢)炎] •pelvic parametritis *盆腔结缔组织炎]
•tuberculosis of the ovary (endometrium, pelvic peritoneum, uterine tube)*卵巢 (子宫内膜,盒腔腹膜,输卵管)结核] •gonorrhea*淋病]
•papilloma(fibroma, lipoma) of vulva*外阴乳头状瘤(纤维瘤,脂肪瘤)] •squamocellular (basal cell) carcinoma of vulva*外阴鳞状上皮(基底)细胞 癌]
•malignant melanoma*恶性黑色素瘤] •Paget disease*派杰病]
•Bowen`s disease*表皮内癌] •cervical carcinoma*宫颈癌]
•leiomyoma of uterus*子宫平滑肌瘤]
•submucous (subserous, intramural)myoma*粘膜下(浆膜下,肌壁间)子宫 肌瘤]
•multiple myomata of uterus*多发性子宫肌瘤] •leiomyosarcoma*平滑肌肉瘤]
•carcinoma of endometrium*子宫内膜癌]
•follicle cyst (teratoma, cystadenoma, corpus luteum) of ovarium*卵巢卵泡囊 肿(畸胎瘤,囊腺瘤,黄体囊肿)]
•carcinoma of the fallopian tube*输卵管癌] •heterotopia endometriosis*子宫内膜异位症] •polycystic ovary*多囊卵巢]
•amenorrhea (menopause, dysmenorrhea)*闭(停,痛)经] •dysfunctional menstrual disorder*功能失调月经紊乱] •pyemenstrual tension syndrome *经前期紧张综合征] •menopausal (climacteric) syndrome*更年期综合征] •cystocele (rectocele)*膀胱(直肠)膨出] •prolapse of uterus*子宫脱垂] •imperforate hymen*处女膜闭锁]
•congenital absence of vagine (uterus)*先天性无阴道(子宫)] •double vagina*双阴道]
•atresia (stenosis) of vagine*阴道闭锁(狭窄)]
•transverse (longitudinal) vaginal septum*阴道横(纵)隔]
•uterine hypoplasia (infantile uterus)*子宫发育不良(幼稚子宫)] •double uterus (didelphia) [双子宫]
•uterus bicornis (unicornis)*双(单)角子宫] •primordial (solidary) uterus*始基(实性)子宫] •uterus duplex (septus)*重复[纵隔]子宫] •ovarian hypoplasia *卵巢发育不良]
•true (pseudo) hermaphroditism*真(假)两性畸形] •infertility*不孕症] •ambivalent*两性人]
•rectovaginal (urethrovaginal, vesicocervical, vesicovaginal,ureterovaginal) fistula [直肠阴道(尿道阴道,膀胱宫颈,膀胱阴道,输尿管阴道)瘘] •hemorrhagia contactu*接触性出血] •herpes zoster*带状疱疹]
(2)产科疾病[gynecological diseases]
•threatened (habitual, inevitable) abortion*先兆(习惯,难免)流产] •complete (incomplete, missed) abortion [完全(不全,过期)流产] •induced (artificial) abortion *人工流产] •spontaneous abortion*自然流产] •criminal abortion*堕胎] •premature birth*早产]
•extrauterine pregnancy *宫外孕]
•tubal (abdominal, cervical, ovarian, interstitial) pregnancy*输卵管(腹腔,宫 颈,卵巢,间质部)妊娠]
•hyperemesis gravidarum (morning sickness)*妊娠剧吐(晨吐)]
•edema-proteinuria hypertension (pregnancy-hypertension) syndrome[妊高征] •preeclampsia (eclampsia)*(先兆)子痫]
•complete (partial, low lying) placenta previa *完全(部分,低置)性前置胎 盘]
•maginal (latae) placenta previa[边缘性前置胎盘] •placenta abruption (ablatio placenta)*胎盘早剥] •multiple pregnancy*多胎妊娠]
•monozygotic (dizygotic) twins*单(双)卵双胎] •poly-(oligo-) hydramnios [羊水过多(少)] •prolonged (delayed) pregnancy*过期妊娠] •fetal death (stillbirth) *死胎]
•stillborn (postmature delivery)[死产] •high risk pregnancy*高危妊娠]
•uterine inertia (over-efficiency)[宫缩乏力(过强)]
•generally contracted (flat, funnel, deformed) pelvis*均小(扁平,漏斗,畸 形)骨盆]
•transversely (flat) contracted pelvis*横径(扁平)狭窄骨盆] •cervical (vulvar) edema*宫颈(外阴)水肿]
•breech (shoulder, face) presentation[臂(肩,面)先露] •transverse lie*横产]
•fetal macrosomia*巨大胎儿] •monster*畸胎]
•hydrocephalus (anencephalus)*脑积水(无脑儿)] •conjoined twins*联体双胎] •fetal distress*胎儿窘迫] •rupture of uterus*子宫破裂]
•postpartum hemorrhage due to (caused by) uterine inertia*产后宫缩乏力性出 血]
•retained (adherent) placenta*胎盘滞留(粘连)] •placenta incarcerata(infarction)*胎盘嵌顿(梗塞)] •injuries of the soft birth canal*软产道损伤]
•cervical (colpoperineal) laceration*宫颈(会阴阴道)裂伤] •premature rupture of membrane*胎膜早破] •prolapse of the umbilical cord*脐带脱垂] •umbilical cord round the neck*脐带绕颈]
•too long (short) umbilical cord*脐带过长(短)] •knots (torsion) of umbilical cord*脐带打结(扭转)] •amniotic fluid embolism*羊水栓塞]
•puerperal infection (heatstrok)*产褥感染(中暑)] •(malignant) hydatidiform mole *(恶性)葡萄胎] •choriocarcinoma [绒毛膜癌]
•antepartum fetal distress *产前胎儿窘迫] •asphyxia neonatorum *新生儿窒息] •intracranial hemorrhage*颅内出血] •cephalohematoma*头颅血肿] •painless childbirth*无痛分娩]
•Rh blood gronp incompatibility *Rh血型不合] •subinvolation of uterus*子宫复旧不全] •induced delivery*引产] •galactostasis[乳汁积滞] •agalactia*无乳] •birth trauma*产伤]
•aspiration pneumonia *吸入性肺炎] •fetus in fetus *胎内胎]
•difficult (nature) delivery*难(平)产]
•abdominal (forceps) delivery*剖腹产(产钳分娩)] (17)儿科疾病[pediatrics diseases]
• intracranial hemorrhage (pneumonia, asphyxia, scleredema, septicemia, tetanus, hypocalcemia) of the newborn[新生儿颅内出血(肺炎,窒息,硬 化症,败血症,破伤风,低血钙)] •atelectasis neonatorum*新生儿肺不张] •neonatal jaundice*新生儿黄疸]
•hemolytic(physiologic) jaundice*溶血(生理)性黄疸] •kernicterus*核黄疸]
•hyaline membrane disease *肺透明膜病] •hemolysis neonatorum[新生儿溶血]
•necrotizing enterocolitis*坏死性小肠结肠炎] •omphalitis (omphalocele)*脐炎(膨出)] •umbilical hernia*脐疝]
•cephalohematoma *头颅血肿]
•congenital torticollis*先天性斜颈] •malnutriton*营养不良]
•thrush (eczema)*鹅口疮(湿疹)]
•congenital atresia (stenosis) of esophagus (intestine)[先天性食道(肠)闭锁 (狭窄)]
•congenital megacolon*先天性巨结肠] •infantile diarrhea*婴儿腹泻]
•acute necrotizing enteritis*急性坏死性肠炎] •intussusception*肠套叠] •Keshan disease*克山病]
•endocardial fibroelastosis*心内膜弹力纤维增生症] •purulent meningitis*化脓性脑膜炎] •epilepsy*癫痫]
•viral encephalitis[病毒性脑炎] •cerebral palsy*脑瘫]
•progressive muscular dystrophy *进行性肌营养不良] •Kawasaki disease*川崎病] •cretinism*呆小病]
•pituitary dwarfism *垂体性侏儒症] •down syndrome*先天愚型]
•von gierke disease*肝糖原累积症] •varicella (chickenpox)*水痘] •scarlet fever*腥红热] •whooping-congh[百日咳] •poliomyelitis*脊髓灰质炎] •mumps *流行性腮腺炎]
•rubella (measles)*风(麻)疹]
•toxic bacillary dysentery *中毒性菌痢]
•acute miliary tuberculosis of the lung *急性粟粒性肺结核] •tuberculous meningitis*结核性脑膜炎]
•tuberculosis of tracheobronchial lymph node*支气管淋巴结结核] •primary complex[原发综合征]
•ascariasis (enterobiasis, ancylostomiasis)*蛔(蛲,钩)虫病] •enuresis*遗尿症]
•septicemia (toxemia, pyosepticemia)*败(毒,脓毒)血症] •simple obesity*单纯性肥胖]
•immature (mature, pre-term, post-term, low weight) infant[未成熟(成熟, 早产,过期产,低体重)儿] •intestinal obstruction[肠梗阻] •meconium aspiration*胎粪吸入] •skull fracture *头颅骨折]
•infantile tetany*婴儿手足搐搦症] •pigeon breast*鸡胸] •rickets *佝偻病]
•congenital heart disease (PDA,ASD,VSD)*先天性心脏病(动脉导管未闭, 房缺,室缺)]
(18)眼科疾病[eye diseases] •hordeolum*麦粒肿]
•blepharadenitis (meibomianitis)[睑板腺炎] •chalazion*睑板腺囊肿] •blepharitis*睑炎]
•blepharoclonus (blepharochalasis)*眼睑阵挛(松弛)] •entropion (ectropion)*睑内(外)翻]
•essential (facial, habitual) blepharospasm*自发(面神经,习惯)性睑痉挛] •blepharoplegia*睑麻痹] •epicanthus*内眦赘皮] •trichiasis*倒睫]
•blepharosynechia[睑粘连] •chemosis*球结膜水肿]
•ptosis (blepharoptosis)*上睑下垂] •canaliculitis*泪管炎]
•dacryostenosis*泪管狭窄]
•acute (chronic) catarrhal conjunctivitis*急(慢)性卡他性结膜炎]
•chlamydia( epidemic, blennorrheal) conjunctivitis *衣原体(流行性,淋病性) 结膜炎]
•trachoma*沙眼]
•acute (chronic) viral follicular conjunctivitis[急(慢)性病毒性滤泡性结膜炎] •pterygium*翼状息肉]
•corneal ulcer (keratitis)*角膜溃疡(炎)] •Sjogren`s syndrome *干燥综合征] •xerophthalmia*干眼病]
•xerosis of conjunctiva (corneal xerosis)*结(角)膜干燥] •corneal erosion*角膜糜烂] •corneal annulus*角膜环]
•hereditary corneal dystrophy[遗传性角膜营养不良] •corneal pigmentation*角膜色素沉着] •pannus*血管翳]
•corneal leukoma (nebula)*角膜白斑(云翳)] •hypopyon*前房积脓]
•keratomalacia*角膜软化症]
•iritis (iridocyclitis)*虹膜(虹膜睫状体)炎] •synechia*虹膜粘连] •choroiditis*脉络膜炎]
•uveitis (panuveitis)*(全)葡萄膜炎] •seclusion of pupil [瞳孔闭锁]
•congenital (senile, traumatic, diabetic) cataract*先天(老年,外伤,糖尿病) 性白内障]
•lens dislocation (luxation of lens)*晶体脱位]
•subluxation of lens*晶体半脱位]
•vitreous hemorrhage (injury)*玻璃体出血(外伤)] •synchesis *玻璃体液化]
•vitreous degeneration*玻璃体变性]
•retinal artery (vein) occlusion[视网膜动(静)脉闭塞]
•diabetic (hypertensive) retinopathy*糖尿病(高血压)性视网膜病] •edema of the retina*视网膜水肿] •retinitis*视网膜炎]
•retinochoroiditis*视网膜脉络膜炎] •retinopapililitis*视网膜视乳头炎] •retinal detachment*视网膜剥脱]
•congenital (primary, secondary) glaucoma[先天(原发,继发)性青光眼] •closed-angle (iatrogenic) glaucoma[闭角(医源)性青光眼] •arteriosclerosis of retina*视网膜动脉硬化]
•degeneration of macula (retina)*黄斑(视网膜)变性] •syphilis (tuberculosis) of retina*视网膜梅毒(结核)] •muscae volitantes*飞蚊症]
•esotropia (exotropia) *内(外)斜视]
•physiologic (pathologic) nystagmus[生(病)理性眼球震颤] •exophthalmos (enophthalmos) *眼球凸出(凹陷)] •optic neuritis*视神经炎]
•demyelinating disease*脱髓鞘病变] •neuromgelitis optica*视神经脊髓炎]
•hyperopia(myopia, astigmatism)*远视(近视,散光)] •presbyopia*老视眼]
•intraocular foreign booly*眼内异物]
•abrasion (contusion, penetrating injury, laceration)*擦(挫,贯穿,划)伤] •blue (green, red-green)blindness[蓝(绿,红绿)色盲] •strabismus*斜视] •amblyopia*弱视]
•anisotropia (error of refraction)*屈光不正] •asthenopia*眼疲劳]
•retinal angioma*视网膜血管瘤]
(19)口腔科和五官科疾病[stomatological and ENT diseases] (1)口腔科疾病[stomatological diseases] •angular stomatitis*口角炎] •syphitis*梅毒] •thrush*鹅口疮]
•candidiasis (candidal cheilitis)*念珠菌病(念球菌性唇炎)] •herpes simplex (zoster) *单纯(带状)疱疹]
•infective mononucleosis*传染性单核细胞增多症] •recurrent oral ulceration*复发性口腔溃疡]
•exfoliative (contact) cheilitis*剥脱(接触)性唇炎] •ranula*舌下囊肿]
•hair (geographic, fissured) tongne*毛(地图样,裂)舌] •ankyloglossia*舌系带缩短] •disturbance of taste*味觉障碍] •xerostomia*口腔干燥]
•excessive saliva (sialosis) *唾液过多(流涎)] •sialadenitis*涎腺炎]
•Sjogren`s syndrome[干燥综合征] •granuloma*肉芽肿] •epulides*牙龈瘤]
•carcinoma of the tongue*舌癌]
•adenocarcinoma (adenoma)*腺癌(瘤)]
•acute pericoronitis (pulpitis, periodontitis)*急性冠周炎(牙髓炎,牙周炎)] •caries dentis*龋齿]
•alveolar abscess*牙槽脓肿]
•harelip (cleft palate)*唇(腭)裂] (2)五官科疾病[ENT diseases] •nasal vestibulitis *鼻前庭炎]
•boils of the nasal vestibule*鼻前庭疖] •rhinophyma (brandy nose)*酒渣鼻] •fracture of the nasal bone*鼻骨骨折] •epistaxis *鼻衄]
•common cold (influenza)*普通感冒(流感)]
•nasal sarcoidosis (malignant granuloma)*鼻类肉瘤病(恶性肉芽肿)] •rhinoscleroma*鼻硬结]
•deviation (abscess, hemotoma, perforation) of the nasal septum*鼻中隔偏屈 (脓肿,血肿,穿孔)]
•allergic (atrophic, hypertrophic)rhinitis*过敏(萎缩,肥大)性鼻炎] •cerebrospinal rhinorrhea*脑脊液鼻溢]
•maxillary (frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal) sinusitis (empyema)*上颌(额,筛, 蝶)窦炎(积脓)]
•nasal polyposis*鼻息肉] •glioma*神经胶质瘤] •angioma*血管瘤] •anodmia*嗅觉丧失] •foul breath*口臭] •nasal fistula*鼻瘘]
•mucous cyst*粘液囊肿] •dysosmia *嗅觉减退]
•catarrhal (follicular, suppurative) tonsillitis*卡他(滤泡,化脓)性扁桃体炎] •acute(chronic) tonsillitis*急(慢)性扁桃体炎]
•parapharyngeal (retropharyngeal) abscess[咽旁(后壁)脓肿] •aglutition (aphagia)*吞咽不能] •acute angina*急性咽峡炎]
•pharyngeal (laryngeal) diphtheria*咽(喉)白喉]
•eustachitis*咽鼓管炎]
•pharyngolaryngitis*咽喉炎]
•abscess (enlargement) of the tonsils *扁桃体脓肿(肿大)] •acute (chronic) pharyngitis*急(慢)性咽炎] •nasopharyngeal carcinoma*鼻咽癌] •craniopharyngioma*颅咽管瘤]
•vocal nodules (polyp)*声带结节(息肉)] •mogiphonia (agenesis)*发音困难(不全)] •dysphonia*发音困难] •anarthria*口吃] •aphonia*失声症] •alalia*哑]
•laryngeal (pharyngeal) foreign body*喉(咽)异物] •corditis*声带炎]
•thyroglossal cyst[甲状舌骨囊肿] •epiglottiditis*会厌炎]
•laryngismus (laryngospasm)*喉痉挛]
•laryngitis (laryngocarcinoma) *咽炎(癌)] •laryngeal obstruction*喉梗阻]
•laryngeal (glottic) paralysis*喉麻痹]
•leucoplakia (tuberculosis) of the larynx*喉白斑(结核)] •subglottic stenosis*声门下狭窄] •keratosis obturans[阻塞性角化病]
•traumatic rupture of tympanic membrane*鼓膜外伤性破裂] •otitis externa*外耳炎] •furunculosis*疖病]
•acute (chronic) catarrhal (suppurative) otitis media*急(慢)性卡他(化脓) 性中耳炎]
•aero-otitis media[航空性中耳炎]
•acute (chronic) mastoiditis*急(慢)性乳突炎] •otosclerosis[耳硬化症] •kinetia*晕动病]
•travel sickness*晕车病] •akoasm*幻听]
•atresia aural*耳道闭锁] •baryacusis*重听]
•deafness(deaf-muteness) [聋(聋哑症)] •aural fistula*耳瘘]
•hydrolabyrinth*迷路积水] •hydrotis*耳积水]
•hypoacusis*听力减退] •labyrinthitis*迷路炎] •mastoiditis*乳突炎]
•acoustic(facial, cochlear) neuritis[听(面,耳蜗)神经炎]
•othematoma (othemorrhea)*耳血肿(出血)]
•benign positional (peripheral, labyrinthine) vertigo*良性位置(外周,迷路) 性眩晕]
•nervous tinnitus*神经性耳鸣]
(20)中毒、职业病及其他[poisoning, occupational diseases and the others] •coal pneumoconiosis (silicosis)[尘(矽)肺]
•lead (mercury, zinc, arsenic, benzene, petrol, carbon monoside, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen monoxide, chlorine gas, ammonia)poisoning[铅(汞,锌, 砷,苯,汽油,一氧化碳,硫化氢,一氧化氮,氯,氨)中毒]
•organophosphorous (chlorinated) insecticides poisoning*有机磷(氯)杀虫 剂中毒]
•chlordimeform (diphacinone) poisoning*杀虫脒(敌鼠)中毒] •tranguilizers (hypnotic) poisoning*安定(眠)药中毒] •valium poisoning*安定中毒]
•strong acid (alkali) poisoning*强酸(碱)中毒]
•phenol (alcoholic, toxic mushroom, subnitrate, bufo, chloropromazine, barbiturates) poisoning (intoxication)[酚(酒精,毒蕈,亚盐,蟾蜍,氯丙嗪,巴比妥类药)中毒] •alcoholism *酒精中毒]
•snake (centipede) bite*毒蛇(蜈蚣)咬伤] •toxic spider (wasp) sting*毒蜘蛛(蜂)螫伤]
•hypovitaminosis A(B,D)*维生素A (B,D)缺乏]
•hyper-(hypo-,equal) osmotic dehydration[高(低,等)渗性失水]
•hyper-(hypo-) natremia (kalemia, magnesemia)[高(低)钠(钾,镁)血症] •metabolic (respiratory) acidosis (alkalosis)*代谢(呼吸)性酸(碱)中毒] •mountain (decompression) sickness (disease)*高山(减压)病] •acute (chronic) radiation disease*急(慢)性放射病] •heat stroke*中暑] •drowning*淹溺]
•electric injury*电损伤] •perniosis (chilblains)[冻疮]
第十五章 常用医嘱术语[Medical orders] (1)医嘱术语[medical orders] •Admit/transfer to*收入(转入)]
•Resident/attending*住院(主诊)医师] •condition*病情] ▲critical (Imminence)[病危] ▲unstable[不稳定] ▲stable[稳定] ▲general (fair) [一般] •emergent*急诊] •Diagnosis*诊断]
•Diet[饮食] ▲full (home) diet[普食] ▲liquid (semi-liquid) diet[流汁(半流汁)饮食] ▲soft diet[软食] ▲low salt and low fat diet[低盐低脂饮食] ▲salt-free diet[无盐饮食] ▲low purine diet[低嘌呤饮食] ▲low (non)-residue diet[少(无)渣饮食] ▲light diet [清淡饮食] ▲high caloric diet[高热量饮食] ▲high protein (protein-rich) diet[高蛋白饮食] ▲diabetic diet[糖尿病饮食] ▲nephritic diet[肾炎饮食] ▲nasal feeding[鼻饲] ▲fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)[禁食] ▲NPO for 5 hours[禁食5小时] ▲meal standard[伙食标准] •activity*活动] ▲absolute rest[绝对卧床休息] ▲stay on the bed (yest in bed)[卧床休息] ▲Ad lib[随意活动] ▲In the ward [病房内活动] •vital signs*生命体征]
•Q shift (q.6h)*每班(每6小时)一次] •immoblization*制动]
•pressed by sand bag *沙袋压迫] •I/O (intake and output)*记出入量] •N/A (non-apply)[不需要]
•parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor *其他:心电图(血压,氧饱和度)监 护]
•allergies*过敏]
•NKA (non-known allergies)[无已知的过敏反应] •patient identification *病人身份]
•4th floor,room 5 ,bed 2(405-2)[4楼5号房2床] •Med. Rec#*病历号] •medical orders*医嘱]
•on general routine*护理常规]
•on grade I (II, III) nuring care*I (I、III)级护理] •morning (evening) care*晨间(夜间)护理] •bedsore care*褥疮护理] •mouth (oral) care*口腔护理]
•CPT( chest physical treatment) *胸部物理治疗] •O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)[吸氧(2-4升/分)] •alcohol sponge bath*酒精擦浴]
•cold (hot) compress*冷(热)敷]
•wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4*用硫酸镁湿敷] •change position × qh*每小时更换一次体位] •gastric lavage with water[用清水洗胃] •bladder irrigation *膀胱冲洗]
•under water seal drainage of thorax*胸腔水封瓶引流] •GI decompression *胃肠减压] •keep warm*保温]
•lower temperature by ice-cap[冰帽降温] •keep bowels open*保持大便通畅] •keep the airway open*保持气道通畅] •retention catheterization*留置导尿] •prevent from bedsore[预防褥疮] •on bedside isolation*床边隔离] •P.P sitz bath*高锰酸钾液坐浴]
•raising the head (foot) of the bed*抬高床头(尾)]
•pencillin (procaine, iodine) skin test*青霉素(普鲁卡因,碘)皮试] •intubate and ventilator support*气管插管及呼吸机支持] •cleaning (retention) enama*清洁(保留)灌肠] •soapsuds (saline) enama*肥皂水(盐水)灌肠] •intradermal injection*皮内注射]
•subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection *皮下注射] •intramuscular injection( i.m)*肌肉注射] •intravenous injection(i.v)*静脉注射] •intravenous drip(ivgtt)*静脉滴入] •intraarterial injection*动脉注射] •intraarticular injection[关节内注射] •intrapleural injection*胸腔内注射] •intrathecal injection*鞘内注射] •intraspinal injection*椎管内注射] •per os(P.O,by mouth*口服] •inhalation*吸入] •inunction*涂擦]
•scarification*划痕法] •by rectum*直肠灌注]
•quaque die (qd)*一天1次] •bis in die(bid)*一天2次] •ter in die (tid)[一天3次] •quater in die (qid)*一天4次] •quaque hora (qh)*每小时1次]
•quaque quarta hora(q4h)*每4小时1次] •quaque nocte (qn)*每晚1次] •quaque mane (qm)*每晨1次] •ante cibum(ac)*饭前(给药)]
•post cibum (pc)*饭后(给药)] •hora somni (hs)*临睡时] •pro re nata (prn)*必要时]
•si opus sit (sos)[必要时只用1次] •ante meridiem (am)*上午] •post meridiem (pm)*下午] •statim (st)*即刻]
(2)辅助检查术语[diagnostic examination] •CBC (complete blood count) *全血细胞计数] •WBC (white blood ount)*白细胞数] •RBC (red blood count) *红细胞数] •Ret (reticulocyte)*网织红细胞数] •HCT (hematocrit)[红细胞比积]
•MCV (mean corpuscular volume) *红细胞平均体积]
•MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin)*红细胞平均血红蛋白] •EC (eosinophic count)*嗜酸粒细胞计数] •Plt (platelet count)*血小板计数] •UA (urine analyse)*小便常规] •SRt (stool routine)*大便常规] •stool OB *大便隐血]
•stool ova count*大便虫卵计数] •uric acid *尿酸]
•uric (serum) amylase *尿(血)淀粉酶] •urine K+ (Na+)*尿钾(钠)测定] •pregnance test*妊娠试验]
•urine Bence-Jone protein [尿本-周氏蛋白] •urinary protein electrophoresis*尿蛋白电冰] •bacterial count of urine *尿菌落数] •osmotic pressure assay*尿渗透压测定]
•urine (blood, stool) culture [尿(血、大便)培养] •bone marrow puncture *骨穿]
•iron staining of bone marrow smear *骨髓铁染色] •serum iron assay *血清铁测定]
•Vit B12 and folic acid assay *维生素B12和叶酸测定] •BT (bleeding time) *出血时间] •CT (coagulation time) *凝血时间]
•PT (prothrombin time)*凝血酶原时间]
•ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间]
•KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)*部分凝血活酶时间] •Fb (fibrinogen)*纤维蛋白原]
•FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)*纤维蛋白原降解产物] •ABG (arterial blood gas)*血气分析]
•renal function and liver function*肝肾功能] •D-dimer fragments assay[D-二聚体测定]
•Hcy (homocysteine)*同型半胱氨酸]
•Cr and BuN (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)*肌酐和尿素氮]
•blood lipid (TG, TC ,HDL, LDL)*血脂(甘油三酯,胆固醇,高密度脂蛋 白,低密度脂蛋白)]
•myocardial enzyme (CK, CK-MB, GOT, LDH)[心肌酶谱(肌酸磷酸激酶及 同功酶,谷草转氨酶,乳酶脱氢酶)] •Mb (myoglobin)*肌红蛋白] •CTn-I [肌钙蛋白-I]
•thyroid function (T3,T4,TSH,FT3 FT4,TG,TM)*甲状腺功能] •VMA (urine vanillylmandelic acid)*尿香草基杏仁酸]
•LH, FSH, ACTH, GH*黄体生成素,卵泡刺激素,促肾上腺皮质激素,生 长激素]
•determination of calcitonin*降钙素测定] •17-KS and 17-OHCS[尿17-酮和17-羟测定] •plasma cortisol assay *皮质醇] •aldosterone assay[醛固酮]
•testosterone and estradiol*睾酮和雌二醇] •FBS or blood glucose *空腹血糖或血糖] •SaO2 monitor *血氧饱和度监测]
•CO2CP (carbon dioxide combining power)*二氧化碳结合力] •Uric ketobody*尿酮体]
•serum electrolytes (K+,Na+,Ca2+,Cl-,Mg2+)[血电解质] •AFP(alpha-fetoprotein) [癌胚抗原] •β2-M(β2-microglobulin)* β2微球蛋白]
•Ccr (endogenous creatinine clearance)*内生肌酐清除率] •capillary resistance test *毛细血管脆性试验]
•platelet adhesion and aggregation test*血小板粘附和凝集试验]
•3P test (plasma protamine paracoagulation test)*血浆鱼精蛋白副凝试验] •plasma viscosity [血浆粘度]
•whole-blood viscosity [全血粘度] •CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)*脑脊液]
•semen (sputum, vaginal discharge) examination*精液(痰,阴道分泌物)检 查]
•total protein*总蛋白]
•OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test)*口服糖耐量试验] •ASO (antistreptolysin O test)*抗“O”试验] •ANA (antinuclear antibody)[抗核抗体]
•anti-ENA antibody [抗可提取性核蛋白(ENA)抗体] •anti-ds DNA[抗双链DNA抗体] •C3 (complement 3) *补体3]
•CRP (C-reactive protein) [C-反应蛋白] •IC (immune complex)*免疫复合物] •RF (rheumatoid factor)*类风湿因子] •Widal`s reaction *肥达氏反应]
•MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration)[最低抑菌浓度] •MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration)*最小杀菌浓度] •acid-fast stain[抗酸染色] •EKG *心电图] •bedside *床边]
•chest (cervical) X-ray examination [胸部(颈部)X线检查] •P-A + lateral projection [正位+侧位]
•echo (TTE, transthoracic echo)*经胸超声心动图]
•echo (TEE, transesophageal echo)[经食道超声心动图] •Doppler echocardiography*多普勒超声心动图] •fluoroscopy *透视]
•CT (computerized-tomography)[计算机断层摄影] •MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)*核磁共振成像]
•DSA (digital subtractive angiography)*数字减影血管造影术] •contrast enhancement*对比增强] •dacryocystography*泪囊造影] •Caldwell`s position *柯氏位] •Wayer`s position*瓦氏位] •Angiography *血管造影术]
•coronary angiography *冠脉造影术] •right ventricul ography *右心造影术] •PTCA*经皮经腔冠脉成形术] •RFCA*经导管射频消融术] •stent*支架]
•pacemaker implanted operation*起搏器植入术] •Holter (dynamic ECG)*24小时动态心电图] •ABPM[24小时动态血压监测] •treadmill test *平板运动试验] •bicycle ergometer*踏车试验] •tilt test*倾斜试验]
•phonocardiog raphy*心音图] •atropine test*阿托品试验]
•TEAP (transesophageal atrial pacing)*食道调搏] •EP study*电生理检查]
•VCG (vectocardiogram)*心向量图] •EMG (electromyogram)*肌电图]
•EEG (electroencephalogram)[脑电图] •barium enema*钡灌肠]
•cholangiography*胆管造影术]
•intravenous (oral) cholecystography*静脉(口服)胆囊造影] •pancratocholangiography*胰胆管造影]
•selective heptatic arteriography*选择性肝动脉造影] •bronchography*支气管造影]
•lung aspiration biopsy*肺针吸活检]
•cystourethrography[膀胱尿道造影]
•IVU (intravenous urography)*静脉尿道造影] •retrogradepyelography*逆行肾盂造影] •uterosalpingography*子宫输卵管造影]
•CT-guided aspiration biopsy[CT 导向下穿刺活检] •cerebral angiography *脑血管造影] •vertebral angiography*椎动脉造影] •cisternography*脑室造影]
•arterio (veno) graphy[动(静)脉造影] •lung functional examination*肺功能检查] •gastroscopy*胃镜检查] •endoscopy*內窥镜检查]
•sigmoidoscopy*乙状结肠镜查] •colonoscopy*结肠镜检查]
•colonofiberscopy*纤维结肠镜检查] •bronchoscopy*支气管镜检查]
•ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography)[经内镜逆行胰胆 管造影]
•catheterization[导尿术] •thoracentesis*胸穿]
•abdominocentesis(abdominal puncture)[腹穿] •pericardiocentesis*心包穿刺]
•liver (renal) biopsy*肝(肾)活检] •bone marrow puncture*骨穿] •lumbar puncture*腰穿]
•lymah node puncture *淋巴结穿刺]
•joint cavity paracentesis *关节腔穿刺术] •examination of prostate[前列腺检查] •massage of prostate*前列腺按摩] •CVP measure *中心静脉压测定]
•peripheral venous pressure measure *外周静脉压测定] •duodenal drainage*十二指肠引流]
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