医学英语术语

(11)普外科疾病[surgical diseases] •furuncle (carbuncle)*疖（痈）]

•cellulitis (abscess)*蜂窝织炎（脓肿）]

•lymphangitis (lymphadenitis)*淋巴管（结）炎] •paronychia*甲沟（周）炎] •subungual abscess*甲下脓肿] •tenosynovitis*腱鞘炎]

•dry (moist,gas) gangrene*干（湿，气）性坏疽] •necrosis (ulcer)*坏死（溃疡）] •sinus (fistula)*窦道（瘘）] •wart (cyst)*疣（囊肿）]

•fibroma (neurofibrom)*（神经）纤维瘤] •imperforatus (atresia)*闭锁] •stenosis*狭窄]

•dipoma (hemangioma)*脂肪（血管）瘤] •nevus (melanoma)*黑痣（黑色素瘤）] •thyroglossal cyst *甲状舌骨囊肿]

•tuberculosis of cervical lymph node*颈淋巴结结核] •thyroid adenoma (carcinoma)*甲状腺腺瘤（癌）] •nodular goiter*结节性甲状腺肿]

•tracheo-esophageal fistula[气管-食管瘘]

•esophageal atresia (cicatricial stricture of esophagus) *食管闭锁（疤痕性狭 窄）]

•esophageal adenoma (polyp,fibroma,leiomyoma)*食管腺瘤（息肉，纤维瘤， 平滑肌瘤）]

•carcinoma of esophagus[食管癌] •cyst of sebaceous gland*皮脂腺囊肿] •fibrosarcoma *纤维肉瘤] •adenocarcinoma*腺癌]

•direct (indirect) inguinal herina*腹股沟直（斜）疝]

•femoral (umbilical,incisional, internal)hernia*股（脐，切口，腹内）疝] •acute (tuberculous) peritonitis*急性（结核性）腹膜炎] •subphrenic (pelvis) abscess[膈下（盆腔）脓肿]

•retroperitoneal abscess(tumor)*后腹膜脓肿（肿瘤）] •abscess of iliac fossa*髂窝脓肿] •torsion of omentum *大网膜扭转]

•gastric (duodenal) ulcer*胃（十二指肠）溃疡]

•acute perforation (massive hemorrhage)*急性穿孔（大出血）] •pyloric obstruction*幽门梗阻]

•polyp (adenoma, papilloma, carcinoma) of stomach[胃息肉（腺瘤，乳头状 腺瘤，癌）]

•gastric sarcoma*胃肉瘤]

•acute dilatation of stomach *急性胃扩张] •ulcerative colitis *溃疡性结肠炎]

•acute necrotizing enteritis *急性坏死性肠炎]

•adhesive (adynamic, complete, incomplete, high ,low, mechanical, strangnlating, simple) obstruction of intestiine[粘连性（麻痹性，完全性， 不完全性，高位，低位，机械性，狭窄性，单纯性）肠梗阻] •intussusception (volvulus)*肠套叠（扭转）]

•mesenterin embolism (thrombosis)*肠系膜动脉栓塞（静脉血栓形成）] •duodental (gastric, small intestinal) diverticulum (diverticulitis)*十二指肠 （胃、小肠）憩室（炎）]

•prolapse of gastric mucosa*胃粘膜脱垂症]

•benign (malignant) tumor of small intestine*小肠良（恶）性肿瘤] •carcinoid of small intestine*小肠类癌] •colic polyposis*结肠息肉病] •intestinal fistula*肠瘘]

•actue simple (suppurative, gangrenous) appendicitis*急性单纯性（化脓性， 坏疽性）阑尾炎]

•congenital megacolon *先天性巨结肠] •anal fissure (fistula)*肛裂（瘘）] •perianal abscess*肛周脓肿] •cryptitis*隐窝炎]

•external (internal) hemorrhoids*外（内）痔]

•prolapse (polyp, carcinoma)of rectum*直肠脱垂（息肉，癌）] •Crohn`s disease*克隆病]

•cavernous hemangioma(carcinoma) of liver[肝海绵状血管瘤（癌）] •portal hypertension*门脉高压]

•acute (chronic) cholecystitis*急（慢）性胆囊炎]

•cholelithiasis (choledocholithiasis) *胆囊（胆总管）结石] •stone in intrahepatic bile duct *肝内胆管结石]

•acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis*急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎] •ascariasis of the biliary tract[胆道蛔症]

•carcinoma of gallbladder (bile duct)*胆囊（胆管）癌] •acute (chronic) pancreatitis*急（慢）性胰腺炎]

•edematous (hemorrhagic necrotizing) pancreatitis*水肿性（出血坏死性）胰 腺炎]

•cyst (carcinoma) of pancreas*胰腺囊肿（癌）] •rupture of spleen*脾破裂]

•abscess (cyst) of spleen*脾脓肿（囊肿）]

•splenomegaly and hypersplenism*脾肿大和脾亢] •aneurysm*动脉瘤]

•arteriovenous fistula*动静脉瘘]

•varicose vein (lymphedema) of lower extremity*下肢静脉曲张（淋巴水肿）] •phlebothrombosis (thrombophlebitis)*静脉血栓形成（血栓性静脉炎）] •thromboangitis obliterans *血栓闭塞性脉管炎]

•Raynaud disease[雷诺氏病]

(12)胸外科疾病[diseases of thoracic surgery]

•hemothorax(pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax)*血（气，血气）胸] •pneumoderma (aerodermectasia)*皮下气肿] •chylothorax*乳糜胸] •empyema thoracis*脓胸]

•emphysema of mediastinum*纵隔气肿]

•closed(open, tension) pneumothorax*闭合（开放，张力）性气胸] •hemopericardium*血心包]

•pericardial tamponade*心包填塞] •aortic aneurysm*主动脉动脉瘤]

•pectus excavatum (carinatum)*漏斗（鸡）胸]

•pulmonary cyst (abscess, gangrene, tuberculosis)*肿囊肿（脓肿，坏疽，结 核）]

•carcinoma (hamartoma, hydatid disease) of lung*肺癌（错构瘤，包虫病）] •constrictive pericarditis[缩窄性心包炎] •congenital heart disease*先天性心脏病]

•patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)*动脉导管未闭]

•auricular (ventricular) septal defect(ASD/VSD) *房（室）间隔缺损] •endocardial cushion defect *心内膜垫缺损] •coarctation of aorta *主动脉缩窄]

•rheumatic heart disease*风湿性心脏病]

•pulmonary (mitral, aortic, tricuspid) stenosis (regurgitation)*肺动脉（二尖， 主动脉，三尖）瓣狭窄（关闭不全）]

•dilated (hypertrophic) cardiomyopathy*扩张（肥厚）型心肌病] •stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract*右室流出道狭窄] •coronary fistula*冠脉瘘]

•transposition of great artery *大动脉转位] •double outlet of right ventricle *右室双出口] •Ebstein`s anomaly*爱勃斯坦畸形]

•Eisenmenger`s (Budd-Chiari`s, Lutembacher`s) syndrome[爱森曼格（布-加， 鲁登巴哈）氏综合征]

•trilogy (tetralogy) of Fallot *法乐氏三（四）联症] •coronary artery disease (CAD)*冠心病] •carcinoma of esophagus *食管癌] •esophagocele*食道疝]

•esohageal diverticulum*食管憩室] •thymoma *胸腺瘤]

•tumor of mediastinum*纵隔肿瘤] •diaphragmatic hernia*膈疝]

(13)骨科和创伤外伤疾病[diseases of orthopedics and trauma]

•complete (incomplete, closed, open, habitual, pathologic) dislocation*完全性 （不完全性，闭合，开放，习惯性，病理性）脱位] •dislocation of elbow (hip) joint *肘（髋）关节脱位]

•dislocation of shoulder*肩关节脱位]

•closed (open, compression, epiphysial, stress, impacted, multiple,

pathological)fracture[闭合性（开放性，压缩性，骨骺，疲劳，嵌入性， 多发性，病理性）骨折]

•fracture of humeral shaft (head)*肱骨干（头）骨折] •fracture of scapula*肩胛骨骨折] •clavicular fracture *锁骨骨折] •Smith fracture *史密斯骨折]

•fracture of the femoral neck (shaft) *股骨颈（干）骨折] •fracture of patella *髌骨骨折]

•fracture of sacrum (coccyx,pubis)*骶骨（尾骨，耻骨）骨折]

•acute (chronic, pyogenic) osteomyelitis*急（慢，化脓）性骨髓炎] •bone tuberculosis *骨结核]

•rheumatoid (traumatic) arthritis *类风湿（外伤性）性关节炎] •gout*痛风]

•osteomalacia*骨质软化病] •rickets*佝偻病]

•genu varum (valgum)*膝内（外）翻] •wry neck (torticollis)*斜颈]

•spina bifida manifesta(occulta)*显（隐）性脊柱裂] •syndactylia (polydactylia) *并（多）指（趾）] •flat foot *平足] •scoliosis*脊柱侧凸]

•aseptic necrosis*无菌性坏死]

•scapulohumeral periarthritis*肩周炎] •rupture of tendon*肌腱断裂]

•neurological (skin, soft tissue, vascular) injury*神经（皮肤，软组织，血管） 损伤]

•ischemic contracture*缺血性肌挛缩] •tennis player`s elbow*网球运动员肘] •synovitis (bursitis)*滑膜（滑囊）炎]

•ligamentous sprain (strain, avulsion tear)*韧带扭伤（劳损，撕脱伤，撕裂 伤）]

•seperation of the symphysis pubis *耻骨联合分离] •fragility of bone*脆骨病]

•osteoma (chondroma)*骨（软骨）瘤]

•osteochondroma (osteoid osteoma)*骨软骨瘤（骨样骨瘤）] •bone cyst*骨囊肿]

•osteoblastoma (osteoclastoma)[成（破）骨细胞瘤] •chondroblastoma*成软骨细胞瘤] •giant-cell tumor of bone[骨巨细胞瘤]

•osteosarcoma (chondrosarcoma)*（软）骨肉瘤] •fibrosarcoma of bone*骨纤维肉瘤] •hemangioma*血管瘤]

•multiple myeloma(MM)*多发性骨髓瘤] •metastatic tumor of bone*转移性骨肿瘤] •congenital deformity[先天性畸形] •Marfan`s syndrome *马凡氏综合征]

•obstetic (cerebral) palsy*产伤性（大脑性）瘫] •osteoporosis*骨质疏松]

•ankylosing spondylitis*强直性脊柱炎] •cervical spondylosis*颈椎病] •chondrophyte *软骨疣]

•disc degeneration *椎间盘退行性病变]

•degenerative joint disease*退行性关节病变] •frozen shoulder[冻肩] •ganglion*腱鞘囊肿]

•osteoarthrosis*骨关节病] •sciatica*坐骨神经痛]

•carpal tunnel syndrome*腕管综合征] •tenosynovitis*腱鞘炎] •trigger finger*板机指] •acromegaly*肢端肥大症]

•Kaschin-Back disease[大骨节病] •hemarthrosis*关节积血]

•cold(paravertebral, psoas, soft tissue, sub-periosteal)abscess[冷（椎旁，腰大 肌，软组织，骨膜下）脓肿]

•contusion (sprain, abrasion, concussion, avulsion, laceration)*挫（扭，擦， 震荡，撕脱，裂）伤]

•crush (cold) injury *挤压（冻）伤]

•punctured (penetrating, perforating, incised) wound *刺（穿入，贯通，割） 伤]

•rabies*狂犬病] •tetanus *破伤风] •snake bite[蛇咬伤]

•first (second, third) degree burn*一(二，三)度烧伤] •electric (chemical) burn*电（化学）烧伤] •fracture of skull*颅骨骨折]

•cerebral concussion (contusion)*脑震荡（挫伤）] •open(closed) trauma*开放（闭合）性外伤] •intestinal trauma (injury)*肠外伤]

•liver (pancreas) injury*肝（胰腺）外伤] •rupture of spleen(kidney)*脾（肾）破裂] (14)脑外科疾病[diseases of brain surgery] •brain abscess*脑脓肿]

•extradural (subdural) abscess (tumor)*硬膜外（下）脓肿（肿瘤）] •acoustic neuroma*听神经瘤]

•meningocele (meningoencephalocele)*脑膜膨出]

•spinal meningocele*脊膜膨出] •hydrocephalus*脑积水]

•ylioma (neurofibroma)*神经胶质（神经纤维）瘤] •meningioma*脑膜瘤]

•pituitary adenoma*垂体腺瘤] •craniopharyngioma*颅咽管瘤]

•cysticercosis (paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis) of brain*脑囊虫（肺吸虫，血 吸虫）病]

•cerebral bleeding (embolism) *脑出血（栓塞）] •cerebral hemorrhage (infarction)*脑出血（梗死）] •cerebral trauma*脑外伤]

•cerebral aneurysm*脑动脉瘤]

•cerebrovascular malformation*脑血管畸形]

•arteriovenous malformation of brain*脑动静脉畸形] •intracerebral hematoma*脑内血肿]

•hemorrhage of internal capsule*内囊出血] •hemorrhage of brain stem*脑干出血] •cerebromalacia*脑软化] •cerebral edema*脑水肿]

•cerebrovascular accident*脑血管意外] •metastatic encephaloma*转移性脑瘤] •epilepsy*癫痫]

•Parkison`s disease*帕金森氏病]

•intracranial hypertension*颅内压升高] •basicranial fracture *颅底骨折]

•intracranial space-occupying lesion[颅内占位性病变] •ependymal cyst (ependymoma)[室管膜囊肿（瘤）] •cerebral atrophy*脑萎缩] •encephalocele*脑疝]

(15)泌尿外科疾病[urological diseases] •polycystic kidney*多囊肾]

•phimosis (redundant prepuce)*包茎（包皮过长）] •hypospadias (epispadias)*尿道下（上）裂] •cryptorchidism*隐睾]

•ectopia (torsion) of testis*睾丸异位（扭转）] •extrophy of bladder [膀胱外翻] •hydrocalyx *肾盏积水] •hydronephrosis*肾积水]

•stricture of ureter*输尿管狭窄] •obstruction of urethra*尿道梗阻]

•renal (ureteral) injury*肾（输尿管）损伤]

•injury of bladder (urethra, penis, scrotum)*膀胱（尿道，阴茎，阴囊）损伤] •condyloma acuminate *尖锐湿疣]

•balanitis (balanoposthitis)[阴茎头（包皮）炎]

•cavernositis of the penis*阴茎海绵体炎] •chancroid*软下疳] •cystitis*膀胱炎]

•soft (hard) chancre*软（硬）下疳] •hypertrophy of prostate *前列腺肥大]

•eczema of the scrotum (external genitalia)*阴囊（外生殖器）湿疹] •acute (chronic) pyelonephritis *急（慢）性肾盂肾炎] •pyelitis[肾盂炎]

•pyonephritis*肾积脓]

•trichomonal prostatitis*滴虫性前列腺炎] •perinephritis *肾周围炎]

•abscess of the kidney (perinephric)*肾（周脓肿）] •acute (chronic) cystitis*急（慢）性膀胱炎]

•gonorrheal prostatitis(seminal vesiculitis, epididymitis, urethritis)*淋球菌性前 列腺炎（精囊炎，附睾炎，尿道炎）] •gonorrhea*淋病]

•bacterial urethritis*细菌性尿道炎]

•tuberculosis of kidney (prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis)*肾（前列腺， 精囊，附睾）结核]

•contracted bladder*挛缩性膀胱]

•renal (ureteral, vesicle) calculus*肾（输尿管，膀胱）结石] •carcinoma (embryoma) of kidney*肾癌（胚胎瘤）]

•papilloma (papillary carcinoma) of renal pilvis(ureter, penis, bladder)[肾盂（输 尿管，阴茎，膀胱）乳头状瘤（癌）]

•infiltrative carcinoma of bladder*膀胱浸润性癌] •caruncle of urethra*尿道肉阜]

•teratoma (seminoma) of testis*睾丸畸胎瘤（精原细胞癌）] •carcinoma (sarcoma) of prostate *前列腺癌（肉瘤）] •nephroptosis[肾下垂]

•hydrocele of the spermatic cord (testis)*精索（睾丸）鞘膜积液] •varicolele of spermatic cord*精索静脉曲张]

•elephantiasis of scrotum (penis)*阴囊（阴茎）橡皮肿] •intrascrotal filariasis*阴囊内丝虫病] •chyluria (bacteriuria)*乳糜（细菌）尿] •Cushing syndrome *柯兴综合征]

•primary (secondary) aldosteronism [原（继）发性醛固酮增多症] •virilism*女性男性化]

•adrenal pheochromocytoma*肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤]

•adenocarcinoma of bladder (prostate)*膀胱（前列腺）腺癌]

•clear (granular) cell carcinoma of kidney *肾透明（颗粒）细胞癌] •leiomyosarcoma of the bladder*膀胱平滑肌肉瘤] •polyp of the ureter*输尿管息肉]

•urethrorectal (urethrovaginal, vesicorectal, visicovaginal) fistula*尿道直肠（尿 道阴道，膀胱直肠，膀胱阴道）瘘]

•hematoma of the scrotum*阴囊血肿]

•rupture of the bladder (renal pedicle)*膀胱（肾蒂）破裂]

•acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)*爱滋病（获得性免疫缺陷综 合征）]

•thrombosis of the renal artery[肾动脉血栓形成] •renal artery stenosis*肾动脉狭窄]

•acute tubular necrosis*急性肾小管坏死] •amyloidosis of the kidney*肾淀粉样变] •neurogenic bladder*神经性膀胱]

•male(female) infertility*男（女）性不育症] •azoospermia (aspermia)*无精症] •necrospermia*死精症]

•asthenospermia (aspermatogenesis) [精子活力（生成）不足] •impotencec(y)*阴萎] •asexuality*无性欲]

•hyposexuality (hypersexuality)*性欲低下（旺盛）] •nocturnal emission*遗精] •ejaculatio praecox*早泄]

•male sterility (contraception)*男性绝（节）育] •apareunia (dyspareunia)*性交不能（困难）] •penile chordee*阴茎痛性勃起]

•sexual experience (hygiene, impulse, development, behavior, life, intercourse, precocity, stimulate, satisfaction)[性经历（卫生，冲动，发育，行为，生活， 性交，早熟，刺激，满足）]

•rectal (oral) intercourse*肛（口）交] •sodomy *鸡奸]

•masturbation*手淫] •rape*强奸]

•aidoiomania (furor genitalis)*色情狂] •homosexuality*同性恋]

•necromania (bestiality)*尸（兽）奸] •sadism*施虐狂]

•sexual abuse*性虐待] •incest*乱伦]

•voyeurism*窥淫癖] •pedophilia*恋儿癖] •fetishism*恋物癖]

•transsexualism*变性癖]

(16)妇产科疾病[diseases of obstetrics and gynecology] (1)妇科疾病[obstetrics diseases] •vulvitis*外阴炎]

•chronic vulvar dystrophy*慢性外阴营养不良]

•pruritus (leucoderma, albinism) vulvae*外阴瘙痒（白斑，白化病）] •Bartholin`s gland cyst (abscess)*前庭大腺囊肿（脓肿）]

•trichomonas (monilial, senile) vaginitis (colpitis)*滴虫（念珠菌，老年）性 阴道炎]

•cervical erosion (hypertrophy, polyp, cyst)*宫颈糜烂（肥大，息肉，囊肿）] •cervicitis*宫颈炎]

•salpingitis (ovaritis) *输卵管（卵巢）炎] •pelvic parametritis *盆腔结缔组织炎]

•tuberculosis of the ovary (endometrium, pelvic peritoneum, uterine tube)*卵巢 （子宫内膜，盒腔腹膜，输卵管）结核] •gonorrhea*淋病]

•papilloma(fibroma, lipoma) of vulva*外阴乳头状瘤（纤维瘤，脂肪瘤）] •squamocellular (basal cell) carcinoma of vulva*外阴鳞状上皮（基底）细胞 癌]

•malignant melanoma*恶性黑色素瘤] •Paget disease*派杰病]

•Bowen`s disease*表皮内癌] •cervical carcinoma*宫颈癌]

•leiomyoma of uterus*子宫平滑肌瘤]

•submucous (subserous, intramural)myoma*粘膜下（浆膜下，肌壁间）子宫 肌瘤]

•multiple myomata of uterus*多发性子宫肌瘤] •leiomyosarcoma*平滑肌肉瘤]

•carcinoma of endometrium*子宫内膜癌]

•follicle cyst (teratoma, cystadenoma, corpus luteum) of ovarium*卵巢卵泡囊 肿（畸胎瘤，囊腺瘤，黄体囊肿）]

•carcinoma of the fallopian tube*输卵管癌] •heterotopia endometriosis*子宫内膜异位症] •polycystic ovary*多囊卵巢]

•amenorrhea (menopause, dysmenorrhea)*闭（停，痛）经] •dysfunctional menstrual disorder*功能失调月经紊乱] •pyemenstrual tension syndrome *经前期紧张综合征] •menopausal (climacteric) syndrome*更年期综合征] •cystocele (rectocele)*膀胱（直肠）膨出] •prolapse of uterus*子宫脱垂] •imperforate hymen*处女膜闭锁]

•congenital absence of vagine (uterus)*先天性无阴道（子宫）] •double vagina*双阴道]

•atresia (stenosis) of vagine*阴道闭锁（狭窄）]

•transverse (longitudinal) vaginal septum*阴道横（纵）隔]

•uterine hypoplasia (infantile uterus)*子宫发育不良（幼稚子宫）] •double uterus (didelphia) [双子宫]

•uterus bicornis (unicornis)*双（单）角子宫] •primordial (solidary) uterus*始基（实性）子宫] •uterus duplex (septus)*重复[纵隔]子宫] •ovarian hypoplasia *卵巢发育不良]

•true (pseudo) hermaphroditism*真（假）两性畸形] •infertility*不孕症] •ambivalent*两性人]

•rectovaginal (urethrovaginal, vesicocervical, vesicovaginal,ureterovaginal) fistula [直肠阴道（尿道阴道，膀胱宫颈，膀胱阴道，输尿管阴道）瘘] •hemorrhagia contactu*接触性出血] •herpes zoster*带状疱疹]

(2)产科疾病[gynecological diseases]

•threatened (habitual, inevitable) abortion*先兆（习惯，难免）流产] •complete (incomplete, missed) abortion [完全（不全，过期）流产] •induced (artificial) abortion *人工流产] •spontaneous abortion*自然流产] •criminal abortion*堕胎] •premature birth*早产]

•extrauterine pregnancy *宫外孕]

•tubal (abdominal, cervical, ovarian, interstitial) pregnancy*输卵管（腹腔，宫 颈，卵巢，间质部）妊娠]

•hyperemesis gravidarum (morning sickness)*妊娠剧吐（晨吐）]

•edema-proteinuria hypertension (pregnancy-hypertension) syndrome[妊高征] •preeclampsia (eclampsia)*（先兆）子痫]

•complete (partial, low lying) placenta previa *完全（部分，低置）性前置胎 盘]

•maginal (latae) placenta previa[边缘性前置胎盘] •placenta abruption (ablatio placenta)*胎盘早剥] •multiple pregnancy*多胎妊娠]

•monozygotic (dizygotic) twins*单（双）卵双胎] •poly-(oligo-) hydramnios [羊水过多（少）] •prolonged (delayed) pregnancy*过期妊娠] •fetal death (stillbirth) *死胎]

•stillborn (postmature delivery)[死产] •high risk pregnancy*高危妊娠]

•uterine inertia (over-efficiency)[宫缩乏力（过强）]

•generally contracted (flat, funnel, deformed) pelvis*均小（扁平，漏斗，畸 形）骨盆]

•transversely (flat) contracted pelvis*横径（扁平）狭窄骨盆] •cervical (vulvar) edema*宫颈（外阴）水肿]

•breech (shoulder, face) presentation[臂（肩，面）先露] •transverse lie*横产]

•fetal macrosomia*巨大胎儿] •monster*畸胎]

•hydrocephalus (anencephalus)*脑积水（无脑儿）] •conjoined twins*联体双胎] •fetal distress*胎儿窘迫] •rupture of uterus*子宫破裂]

•postpartum hemorrhage due to (caused by) uterine inertia*产后宫缩乏力性出 血]

•retained (adherent) placenta*胎盘滞留（粘连）] •placenta incarcerata(infarction)*胎盘嵌顿（梗塞）] •injuries of the soft birth canal*软产道损伤]

•cervical (colpoperineal) laceration*宫颈（会阴阴道）裂伤] •premature rupture of membrane*胎膜早破] •prolapse of the umbilical cord*脐带脱垂] •umbilical cord round the neck*脐带绕颈]

•too long (short) umbilical cord*脐带过长（短）] •knots (torsion) of umbilical cord*脐带打结（扭转）] •amniotic fluid embolism*羊水栓塞]

•puerperal infection (heatstrok)*产褥感染（中暑）] •(malignant) hydatidiform mole *(恶性)葡萄胎] •choriocarcinoma [绒毛膜癌]

•antepartum fetal distress *产前胎儿窘迫] •asphyxia neonatorum *新生儿窒息] •intracranial hemorrhage*颅内出血] •cephalohematoma*头颅血肿] •painless childbirth*无痛分娩]

•Rh blood gronp incompatibility *Rh血型不合] •subinvolation of uterus*子宫复旧不全] •induced delivery*引产] •galactostasis[乳汁积滞] •agalactia*无乳] •birth trauma*产伤]

•aspiration pneumonia *吸入性肺炎] •fetus in fetus *胎内胎]

•difficult (nature) delivery*难（平）产]

•abdominal (forceps) delivery*剖腹产（产钳分娩）] (17)儿科疾病[pediatrics diseases]

• intracranial hemorrhage (pneumonia, asphyxia, scleredema, septicemia, tetanus, hypocalcemia) of the newborn[新生儿颅内出血（肺炎，窒息，硬 化症，败血症，破伤风，低血钙）] •atelectasis neonatorum*新生儿肺不张] •neonatal jaundice*新生儿黄疸]

•hemolytic(physiologic) jaundice*溶血（生理）性黄疸] •kernicterus*核黄疸]

•hyaline membrane disease *肺透明膜病] •hemolysis neonatorum[新生儿溶血]

•necrotizing enterocolitis*坏死性小肠结肠炎] •omphalitis (omphalocele)*脐炎（膨出）] •umbilical hernia*脐疝]

•cephalohematoma *头颅血肿]

•congenital torticollis*先天性斜颈] •malnutriton*营养不良]

•thrush (eczema)*鹅口疮（湿疹）]

•congenital atresia (stenosis) of esophagus (intestine)[先天性食道（肠）闭锁 （狭窄）]

•congenital megacolon*先天性巨结肠] •infantile diarrhea*婴儿腹泻]

•acute necrotizing enteritis*急性坏死性肠炎] •intussusception*肠套叠] •Keshan disease*克山病]

•endocardial fibroelastosis*心内膜弹力纤维增生症] •purulent meningitis*化脓性脑膜炎] •epilepsy*癫痫]

•viral encephalitis[病毒性脑炎] •cerebral palsy*脑瘫]

•progressive muscular dystrophy *进行性肌营养不良] •Kawasaki disease*川崎病] •cretinism*呆小病]

•pituitary dwarfism *垂体性侏儒症] •down syndrome*先天愚型]

•von gierke disease*肝糖原累积症] •varicella (chickenpox)*水痘] •scarlet fever*腥红热] •whooping-congh[百日咳] •poliomyelitis*脊髓灰质炎] •mumps *流行性腮腺炎]

•rubella (measles)*风（麻）疹]

•toxic bacillary dysentery *中毒性菌痢]

•acute miliary tuberculosis of the lung *急性粟粒性肺结核] •tuberculous meningitis*结核性脑膜炎]

•tuberculosis of tracheobronchial lymph node*支气管淋巴结结核] •primary complex[原发综合征]

•ascariasis (enterobiasis, ancylostomiasis)*蛔（蛲，钩）虫病] •enuresis*遗尿症]

•septicemia (toxemia, pyosepticemia)*败（毒，脓毒）血症] •simple obesity*单纯性肥胖]

•immature (mature, pre-term, post-term, low weight) infant[未成熟（成熟， 早产，过期产，低体重）儿] •intestinal obstruction[肠梗阻] •meconium aspiration*胎粪吸入] •skull fracture *头颅骨折]

•infantile tetany*婴儿手足搐搦症] •pigeon breast*鸡胸] •rickets *佝偻病]

•congenital heart disease (PDA,ASD,VSD)*先天性心脏病（动脉导管未闭， 房缺，室缺）]

(18)眼科疾病[eye diseases] •hordeolum*麦粒肿]

•blepharadenitis (meibomianitis)[睑板腺炎] •chalazion*睑板腺囊肿] •blepharitis*睑炎]

•blepharoclonus (blepharochalasis)*眼睑阵挛（松弛）] •entropion (ectropion)*睑内（外）翻]

•essential (facial, habitual) blepharospasm*自发（面神经，习惯）性睑痉挛] •blepharoplegia*睑麻痹] •epicanthus*内眦赘皮] •trichiasis*倒睫]

•blepharosynechia[睑粘连] •chemosis*球结膜水肿]

•ptosis (blepharoptosis)*上睑下垂] •canaliculitis*泪管炎]

•dacryostenosis*泪管狭窄]

•acute (chronic) catarrhal conjunctivitis*急（慢）性卡他性结膜炎]

•chlamydia( epidemic, blennorrheal) conjunctivitis *衣原体（流行性，淋病性） 结膜炎]

•trachoma*沙眼]

•acute (chronic) viral follicular conjunctivitis[急（慢）性病毒性滤泡性结膜炎] •pterygium*翼状息肉]

•corneal ulcer (keratitis)*角膜溃疡（炎）] •Sjogren`s syndrome *干燥综合征] •xerophthalmia*干眼病]

•xerosis of conjunctiva (corneal xerosis)*结（角）膜干燥] •corneal erosion*角膜糜烂] •corneal annulus*角膜环]

•hereditary corneal dystrophy[遗传性角膜营养不良] •corneal pigmentation*角膜色素沉着] •pannus*血管翳]

•corneal leukoma (nebula)*角膜白斑（云翳）] •hypopyon*前房积脓]

•keratomalacia*角膜软化症]

•iritis (iridocyclitis)*虹膜（虹膜睫状体）炎] •synechia*虹膜粘连] •choroiditis*脉络膜炎]

•uveitis (panuveitis)*（全）葡萄膜炎] •seclusion of pupil [瞳孔闭锁]

•congenital (senile, traumatic, diabetic) cataract*先天（老年，外伤，糖尿病） 性白内障]

•lens dislocation (luxation of lens)*晶体脱位]

•subluxation of lens*晶体半脱位]

•vitreous hemorrhage (injury)*玻璃体出血（外伤）] •synchesis *玻璃体液化]

•vitreous degeneration*玻璃体变性]

•retinal artery (vein) occlusion[视网膜动（静）脉闭塞]

•diabetic (hypertensive) retinopathy*糖尿病（高血压）性视网膜病] •edema of the retina*视网膜水肿] •retinitis*视网膜炎]

•retinochoroiditis*视网膜脉络膜炎] •retinopapililitis*视网膜视乳头炎] •retinal detachment*视网膜剥脱]

•congenital (primary, secondary) glaucoma[先天（原发，继发）性青光眼] •closed-angle (iatrogenic) glaucoma[闭角（医源）性青光眼] •arteriosclerosis of retina*视网膜动脉硬化]

•degeneration of macula (retina)*黄斑（视网膜）变性] •syphilis (tuberculosis) of retina*视网膜梅毒（结核）] •muscae volitantes*飞蚊症]

•esotropia (exotropia) *内（外）斜视]

•physiologic (pathologic) nystagmus[生（病）理性眼球震颤] •exophthalmos (enophthalmos) *眼球凸出（凹陷）] •optic neuritis*视神经炎]

•demyelinating disease*脱髓鞘病变] •neuromgelitis optica*视神经脊髓炎]

•hyperopia(myopia, astigmatism)*远视（近视，散光）] •presbyopia*老视眼]

•intraocular foreign booly*眼内异物]

•abrasion (contusion, penetrating injury, laceration)*擦（挫，贯穿，划）伤] •blue (green, red-green)blindness[蓝（绿，红绿）色盲] •strabismus*斜视] •amblyopia*弱视]

•anisotropia (error of refraction)*屈光不正] •asthenopia*眼疲劳]

•retinal angioma*视网膜血管瘤]

(19)口腔科和五官科疾病[stomatological and ENT diseases] (1)口腔科疾病[stomatological diseases] •angular stomatitis*口角炎] •syphitis*梅毒] •thrush*鹅口疮]

•candidiasis (candidal cheilitis)*念珠菌病（念球菌性唇炎）] •herpes simplex (zoster) *单纯（带状）疱疹]

•infective mononucleosis*传染性单核细胞增多症] •recurrent oral ulceration*复发性口腔溃疡]

•exfoliative (contact) cheilitis*剥脱（接触）性唇炎] •ranula*舌下囊肿]

•hair (geographic, fissured) tongne*毛（地图样，裂）舌] •ankyloglossia*舌系带缩短] •disturbance of taste*味觉障碍] •xerostomia*口腔干燥]

•excessive saliva (sialosis) *唾液过多（流涎）] •sialadenitis*涎腺炎]

•Sjogren`s syndrome[干燥综合征] •granuloma*肉芽肿] •epulides*牙龈瘤]

•carcinoma of the tongue*舌癌]

•adenocarcinoma (adenoma)*腺癌（瘤）]

•acute pericoronitis (pulpitis, periodontitis)*急性冠周炎（牙髓炎，牙周炎）] •caries dentis*龋齿]

•alveolar abscess*牙槽脓肿]

•harelip (cleft palate)*唇（腭）裂] (2)五官科疾病[ENT diseases] •nasal vestibulitis *鼻前庭炎]

•boils of the nasal vestibule*鼻前庭疖] •rhinophyma (brandy nose)*酒渣鼻] •fracture of the nasal bone*鼻骨骨折] •epistaxis *鼻衄]

•common cold (influenza)*普通感冒（流感）]

•nasal sarcoidosis (malignant granuloma)*鼻类肉瘤病（恶性肉芽肿）] •rhinoscleroma*鼻硬结]

•deviation (abscess, hemotoma, perforation) of the nasal septum*鼻中隔偏屈 （脓肿，血肿，穿孔）]

•allergic (atrophic, hypertrophic)rhinitis*过敏（萎缩，肥大）性鼻炎] •cerebrospinal rhinorrhea*脑脊液鼻溢]

•maxillary (frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal) sinusitis (empyema)*上颌（额，筛， 蝶）窦炎（积脓）]

•nasal polyposis*鼻息肉] •glioma*神经胶质瘤] •angioma*血管瘤] •anodmia*嗅觉丧失] •foul breath*口臭] •nasal fistula*鼻瘘]

•mucous cyst*粘液囊肿] •dysosmia *嗅觉减退]

•catarrhal (follicular, suppurative) tonsillitis*卡他（滤泡，化脓）性扁桃体炎] •acute(chronic) tonsillitis*急（慢）性扁桃体炎]

•parapharyngeal (retropharyngeal) abscess[咽旁（后壁）脓肿] •aglutition (aphagia)*吞咽不能] •acute angina*急性咽峡炎]

•pharyngeal (laryngeal) diphtheria*咽（喉）白喉]

•eustachitis*咽鼓管炎]

•pharyngolaryngitis*咽喉炎]

•abscess (enlargement) of the tonsils *扁桃体脓肿（肿大）] •acute (chronic) pharyngitis*急（慢）性咽炎] •nasopharyngeal carcinoma*鼻咽癌] •craniopharyngioma*颅咽管瘤]

•vocal nodules (polyp)*声带结节（息肉）] •mogiphonia (agenesis)*发音困难（不全）] •dysphonia*发音困难] •anarthria*口吃] •aphonia*失声症] •alalia*哑]

•laryngeal (pharyngeal) foreign body*喉（咽）异物] •corditis*声带炎]

•thyroglossal cyst[甲状舌骨囊肿] •epiglottiditis*会厌炎]

•laryngismus (laryngospasm)*喉痉挛]

•laryngitis (laryngocarcinoma) *咽炎（癌）] •laryngeal obstruction*喉梗阻]

•laryngeal (glottic) paralysis*喉麻痹]

•leucoplakia (tuberculosis) of the larynx*喉白斑（结核）] •subglottic stenosis*声门下狭窄] •keratosis obturans[阻塞性角化病]

•traumatic rupture of tympanic membrane*鼓膜外伤性破裂] •otitis externa*外耳炎] •furunculosis*疖病]

•acute (chronic) catarrhal (suppurative) otitis media*急（慢）性卡他（化脓） 性中耳炎]

•aero-otitis media[航空性中耳炎]

•acute (chronic) mastoiditis*急（慢）性乳突炎] •otosclerosis[耳硬化症] •kinetia*晕动病]

•travel sickness*晕车病] •akoasm*幻听]

•atresia aural*耳道闭锁] •baryacusis*重听]

•deafness(deaf-muteness) [聋（聋哑症）] •aural fistula*耳瘘]

•hydrolabyrinth*迷路积水] •hydrotis*耳积水]

•hypoacusis*听力减退] •labyrinthitis*迷路炎] •mastoiditis*乳突炎]

•acoustic(facial, cochlear) neuritis[听（面，耳蜗）神经炎]

•othematoma (othemorrhea)*耳血肿（出血）]

•benign positional (peripheral, labyrinthine) vertigo*良性位置（外周，迷路） 性眩晕]

•nervous tinnitus*神经性耳鸣]

(20)中毒、职业病及其他[poisoning, occupational diseases and the others] •coal pneumoconiosis (silicosis)[尘（矽）肺]

•lead (mercury, zinc, arsenic, benzene, petrol, carbon monoside, hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen monoxide, chlorine gas, ammonia)poisoning[铅（汞，锌， 砷，苯，汽油，一氧化碳，硫化氢，一氧化氮，氯，氨）中毒]

•organophosphorous (chlorinated) insecticides poisoning*有机磷（氯）杀虫 剂中毒]

•chlordimeform (diphacinone) poisoning*杀虫脒（敌鼠）中毒] •tranguilizers (hypnotic) poisoning*安定（眠）药中毒] •valium poisoning*安定中毒]

•strong acid (alkali) poisoning*强酸（碱）中毒]

•phenol (alcoholic, toxic mushroom, subnitrate, bufo, chloropromazine, barbiturates) poisoning (intoxication)[酚（酒精，毒蕈，亚盐，蟾蜍，氯丙嗪，巴比妥类药）中毒] •alcoholism *酒精中毒]

•snake (centipede) bite*毒蛇（蜈蚣）咬伤] •toxic spider (wasp) sting*毒蜘蛛（蜂）螫伤]

•hypovitaminosis A(B,D)*维生素A （B，D）缺乏]

•hyper-(hypo-，equal) osmotic dehydration[高（低，等）渗性失水]

•hyper-(hypo-) natremia (kalemia, magnesemia)[高（低）钠（钾，镁）血症] •metabolic (respiratory) acidosis (alkalosis)*代谢（呼吸）性酸（碱）中毒] •mountain (decompression) sickness (disease)*高山（减压）病] •acute (chronic) radiation disease*急（慢）性放射病] •heat stroke*中暑] •drowning*淹溺]

•electric injury*电损伤] •perniosis (chilblains)[冻疮]

第十五章 常用医嘱术语[Medical orders] （1）医嘱术语[medical orders] •Admit/transfer to*收入（转入）]

•Resident/attending*住院（主诊）医师] •condition*病情] ▲critical (Imminence)[病危] ▲unstable[不稳定] ▲stable[稳定] ▲general (fair) [一般] •emergent*急诊] •Diagnosis*诊断]

•Diet[饮食] ▲full (home) diet[普食] ▲liquid (semi-liquid) diet[流汁（半流汁）饮食] ▲soft diet[软食] ▲low salt and low fat diet[低盐低脂饮食] ▲salt-free diet[无盐饮食] ▲low purine diet[低嘌呤饮食] ▲low (non)-residue diet[少（无）渣饮食] ▲light diet [清淡饮食] ▲high caloric diet[高热量饮食] ▲high protein (protein-rich) diet[高蛋白饮食] ▲diabetic diet[糖尿病饮食] ▲nephritic diet[肾炎饮食] ▲nasal feeding[鼻饲] ▲fasting (NPO, nothing by mouth)[禁食] ▲NPO for 5 hours[禁食5小时] ▲meal standard[伙食标准] •activity*活动] ▲absolute rest[绝对卧床休息] ▲stay on the bed (yest in bed)[卧床休息] ▲Ad lib[随意活动] ▲In the ward [病房内活动] •vital signs*生命体征]

•Q shift (q.6h)*每班（每6小时）一次] •immoblization*制动]

•pressed by sand bag *沙袋压迫] •I/O (intake and output)*记出入量] •N/A (non-apply)[不需要]

•parameter: EKG(Bp,SaO2) monitor *其他：心电图（血压，氧饱和度）监 护]

•allergies*过敏]

•NKA (non-known allergies)[无已知的过敏反应] •patient identification *病人身份]

•4th floor,room 5 ,bed 2(405-2)[4楼5号房2床] •Med. Rec#*病历号] •medical orders*医嘱]

•on general routine*护理常规]

•on grade I (II, III) nuring care*I （I、III）级护理] •morning (evening) care*晨间（夜间）护理] •bedsore care*褥疮护理] •mouth (oral) care*口腔护理]

•CPT( chest physical treatment) *胸部物理治疗] •O2 inhalation (2-4L/min)[吸氧（2-4升/分）] •alcohol sponge bath*酒精擦浴]

•cold (hot) compress*冷（热）敷]

•wet (hydropathic) compress by MgSO4*用硫酸镁湿敷] •change position × qh*每小时更换一次体位] •gastric lavage with water[用清水洗胃] •bladder irrigation *膀胱冲洗]

•under water seal drainage of thorax*胸腔水封瓶引流] •GI decompression *胃肠减压] •keep warm*保温]

•lower temperature by ice-cap[冰帽降温] •keep bowels open*保持大便通畅] •keep the airway open*保持气道通畅] •retention catheterization*留置导尿] •prevent from bedsore[预防褥疮] •on bedside isolation*床边隔离] •P.P sitz bath*高锰酸钾液坐浴]

•raising the head (foot) of the bed*抬高床头（尾）]

•pencillin (procaine, iodine) skin test*青霉素（普鲁卡因，碘）皮试] •intubate and ventilator support*气管插管及呼吸机支持] •cleaning (retention) enama*清洁（保留）灌肠] •soapsuds (saline) enama*肥皂水（盐水）灌肠] •intradermal injection*皮内注射]

•subcutaneous (hypodermic) injection *皮下注射] •intramuscular injection( i.m)*肌肉注射] •intravenous injection(i.v)*静脉注射] •intravenous drip(ivgtt)*静脉滴入] •intraarterial injection*动脉注射] •intraarticular injection[关节内注射] •intrapleural injection*胸腔内注射] •intrathecal injection*鞘内注射] •intraspinal injection*椎管内注射] •per os(P.O,by mouth*口服] •inhalation*吸入] •inunction*涂擦]

•scarification*划痕法] •by rectum*直肠灌注]

•quaque die (qd)*一天1次] •bis in die(bid)*一天2次] •ter in die (tid)[一天3次] •quater in die (qid)*一天4次] •quaque hora (qh)*每小时1次]

•quaque quarta hora(q4h)*每4小时1次] •quaque nocte (qn)*每晚1次] •quaque mane (qm)*每晨1次] •ante cibum(ac)*饭前（给药）]

•post cibum (pc)*饭后（给药）] •hora somni (hs)*临睡时] •pro re nata (prn)*必要时]

•si opus sit (sos)[必要时只用1次] •ante meridiem (am)*上午] •post meridiem (pm)*下午] •statim (st)*即刻]

(2)辅助检查术语[diagnostic examination] •CBC (complete blood count) *全血细胞计数] •WBC (white blood ount)*白细胞数] •RBC (red blood count) *红细胞数] •Ret (reticulocyte)*网织红细胞数] •HCT (hematocrit)[红细胞比积]

•MCV (mean corpuscular volume) *红细胞平均体积]

•MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin)*红细胞平均血红蛋白] •EC (eosinophic count)*嗜酸粒细胞计数] •Plt (platelet count)*血小板计数] •UA (urine analyse)*小便常规] •SRt (stool routine)*大便常规] •stool OB *大便隐血]

•stool ova count*大便虫卵计数] •uric acid *尿酸]

•uric (serum) amylase *尿（血）淀粉酶] •urine K+ (Na+)*尿钾（钠）测定] •pregnance test*妊娠试验]

•urine Bence-Jone protein [尿本-周氏蛋白] •urinary protein electrophoresis*尿蛋白电冰] •bacterial count of urine *尿菌落数] •osmotic pressure assay*尿渗透压测定]

•urine (blood, stool) culture [尿（血、大便）培养] •bone marrow puncture *骨穿]

•iron staining of bone marrow smear *骨髓铁染色] •serum iron assay *血清铁测定]

•Vit B12 and folic acid assay *维生素B12和叶酸测定] •BT (bleeding time) *出血时间] •CT (coagulation time) *凝血时间]

•PT (prothrombin time)*凝血酶原时间]

•ACT (activated coagulation time)[活化的凝血时间]

•KPTT(kaolin partial thromboplastin time)*部分凝血活酶时间] •Fb (fibrinogen)*纤维蛋白原]

•FDP (fibrinogen degradation product)*纤维蛋白原降解产物] •ABG (arterial blood gas)*血气分析]

•renal function and liver function*肝肾功能] •D-dimer fragments assay[D-二聚体测定]

•Hcy (homocysteine)*同型半胱氨酸]

•Cr and BuN (creatinine and blood urea nitrogen)*肌酐和尿素氮]

•blood lipid (TG, TC ,HDL, LDL)*血脂（甘油三酯，胆固醇，高密度脂蛋 白，低密度脂蛋白）]

•myocardial enzyme (CK, CK-MB, GOT, LDH)[心肌酶谱（肌酸磷酸激酶及 同功酶，谷草转氨酶，乳酶脱氢酶）] •Mb (myoglobin)*肌红蛋白] •CTn-I [肌钙蛋白-I]

•thyroid function (T3,T4,TSH,FT3 FT4,TG,TM)*甲状腺功能] •VMA (urine vanillylmandelic acid)*尿香草基杏仁酸]

•LH, FSH, ACTH, GH*黄体生成素，卵泡刺激素，促肾上腺皮质激素，生 长激素]

•determination of calcitonin*降钙素测定] •17-KS and 17-OHCS[尿17-酮和17-羟测定] •plasma cortisol assay *皮质醇] •aldosterone assay[醛固酮]

•testosterone and estradiol*睾酮和雌二醇] •FBS or blood glucose *空腹血糖或血糖] •SaO2 monitor *血氧饱和度监测]

•CO2CP (carbon dioxide combining power)*二氧化碳结合力] •Uric ketobody*尿酮体]

•serum electrolytes (K+,Na+,Ca2+,Cl-,Mg2+)[血电解质] •AFP(alpha-fetoprotein) [癌胚抗原] •β2-M(β2-microglobulin)* β2微球蛋白]

•Ccr (endogenous creatinine clearance)*内生肌酐清除率] •capillary resistance test *毛细血管脆性试验]

•platelet adhesion and aggregation test*血小板粘附和凝集试验]

•3P test (plasma protamine paracoagulation test)*血浆鱼精蛋白副凝试验] •plasma viscosity [血浆粘度]

•whole-blood viscosity [全血粘度] •CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)*脑脊液]

•semen (sputum, vaginal discharge) examination*精液（痰，阴道分泌物）检 查]

•total protein*总蛋白]

•OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test)*口服糖耐量试验] •ASO (antistreptolysin O test)*抗“O”试验] •ANA (antinuclear antibody)[抗核抗体]

•anti-ENA antibody [抗可提取性核蛋白（ENA）抗体] •anti-ds DNA[抗双链DNA抗体] •C3 (complement 3) *补体3]

•CRP (C-reactive protein) [C-反应蛋白] •IC (immune complex)*免疫复合物] •RF (rheumatoid factor)*类风湿因子] •Widal`s reaction *肥达氏反应]

•MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration)[最低抑菌浓度] •MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration)*最小杀菌浓度] •acid-fast stain[抗酸染色] •EKG *心电图] •bedside *床边]

•chest (cervical) X-ray examination [胸部（颈部）X线检查] •P-A + lateral projection [正位+侧位]

•echo (TTE, transthoracic echo)*经胸超声心动图]

•echo (TEE, transesophageal echo)[经食道超声心动图] •Doppler echocardiography*多普勒超声心动图] •fluoroscopy *透视]

•CT (computerized-tomography)[计算机断层摄影] •MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)*核磁共振成像]

•DSA (digital subtractive angiography)*数字减影血管造影术] •contrast enhancement*对比增强] •dacryocystography*泪囊造影] •Caldwell`s position *柯氏位] •Wayer`s position*瓦氏位] •Angiography *血管造影术]

•coronary angiography *冠脉造影术] •right ventricul ography *右心造影术] •PTCA*经皮经腔冠脉成形术] •RFCA*经导管射频消融术] •stent*支架]

•pacemaker implanted operation*起搏器植入术] •Holter (dynamic ECG)*24小时动态心电图] •ABPM[24小时动态血压监测] •treadmill test *平板运动试验] •bicycle ergometer*踏车试验] •tilt test*倾斜试验]

•phonocardiog raphy*心音图] •atropine test*阿托品试验]

•TEAP (transesophageal atrial pacing)*食道调搏] •EP study*电生理检查]

•VCG (vectocardiogram)*心向量图] •EMG (electromyogram)*肌电图]

•EEG (electroencephalogram)[脑电图] •barium enema*钡灌肠]

•cholangiography*胆管造影术]

•intravenous (oral) cholecystography*静脉（口服）胆囊造影] •pancratocholangiography*胰胆管造影]

•selective heptatic arteriography*选择性肝动脉造影] •bronchography*支气管造影]

•lung aspiration biopsy*肺针吸活检]

•cystourethrography[膀胱尿道造影]

•IVU (intravenous urography)*静脉尿道造影] •retrogradepyelography*逆行肾盂造影] •uterosalpingography*子宫输卵管造影]

•CT-guided aspiration biopsy[CT 导向下穿刺活检] •cerebral angiography *脑血管造影] •vertebral angiography*椎动脉造影] •cisternography*脑室造影]

•arterio (veno) graphy[动（静）脉造影] •lung functional examination*肺功能检查] •gastroscopy*胃镜检查] •endoscopy*內窥镜检查]

•sigmoidoscopy*乙状结肠镜查] •colonoscopy*结肠镜检查]

•colonofiberscopy*纤维结肠镜检查] •bronchoscopy*支气管镜检查]

•ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography)[经内镜逆行胰胆 管造影]

•catheterization[导尿术] •thoracentesis*胸穿]

•abdominocentesis（abdominal puncture）[腹穿] •pericardiocentesis*心包穿刺]

•liver (renal) biopsy*肝（肾）活检] •bone marrow puncture*骨穿] •lumbar puncture*腰穿]

•lymah node puncture *淋巴结穿刺]

•joint cavity paracentesis *关节腔穿刺术] •examination of prostate[前列腺检查] •massage of prostate*前列腺按摩] •CVP measure *中心静脉压测定]

•peripheral venous pressure measure *外周静脉压测定] •duodenal drainage*十二指肠引流]