2020-2021年 八年级英语下册语法填空培优训练(附解析)经典

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。

A new term begins. We are glad ________ （return）to school again. In Grade 8, we have a new subject ________. Some students think it is hard, but some think it is ________ （interest） Mr. Smith is our teacher. He is from ________ （English）. He is friendly and ________ （knowledge） He advises us ________ （study） hard.

In his first class, Mr. Smith asked what we liked and ________. The students were active about this question. Kate told us her favourite food was ________ （pancake）, but she didn't like meat. To our ________ Tony, a naughty boy, said that he liked ________ （copy） others homework, for he didn't like study.

【答案】 to return；Physics；interesting；England；knowledgeable；to study；hated；pancakes；surprise；to copy/ copying

【解析】【分析】文章大意：新学期我们多了一门新科目——物理，老师是Mr Smith，在第一节课上他询问了我们的喜好。

（1）句意：我们很高兴再次回到学校。return，回到，动词。固定结构be glad to do sth.，很高兴做某事，故填to return。

（2）句意：在八年级，我们有了一门新学科——物理。根据生活常识可知，物理是八年级的课程，专有名词，首字母大写，故填Physics。

（3）句意：但有些学生认为这很有趣。interest，名词，兴趣。根据题干中的is可知此句需要形容词，表示有趣的，故填interesting。

（4）句意：他来自英国。English，英国人，名词。固定结构，be from+国家或地区名词，来自某地，故填England。

（5）句意：他很友好，知识渊博。knowledge，知识，名词。由friendly及and提示，可知此句需要形容词，故填knowledgeable。

（6）句意：他建议我们要努力学习。study，学习，动词；固定结构，advise to do sth.，建议做某事，故填to study。

（7）句意：在第一堂课上，史密斯先生问我们喜欢和讨厌什么。根据下文语句Kate told us her favourite food was 8 （pancake）, but she didn't like meat. 提示可知，Smith询问的是喜欢的与不喜欢的，故填hated。

（8）句意：凯特告诉我们她最喜欢的食物是煎饼。pancake，煎饼，可数名词。表示泛指要用复数形式，故填pancakes。

（9）句意：令我们惊奇的是。固定短语，to one's surprise，令某人惊奇，故填surprise。 （10）句意：他喜欢抄别人的作业，因为他不喜欢学习。copy，抄袭；动词。固定结构like to do sth.=like doing sth.，喜欢做某事，故填to copy或copying。

【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。

2．语法填空

New York, London, Paris and other big cities are exciting places________（live） in. There are many interesting things to see and to do. You can go to different ________（kind） of museums, plays and films. You can ________buy things all over the world.

________there are serious problems in big cities too.________is expensive to live there, and there are many people in some places of big cities. Every year many people move to the cities to find jobs, to study at good schools and receive good ________（medicine） care. But sometimes these people cannot find work ________good places to live in. Also it is hard to keep the cities safe and clean.

Some people enjoy ________（live） in big cities; ________（other） do not. ________they move to a big city, they should think about the problems of living there.

【答案】 to live；kinds；also；But；It；medical；or；living；others；Before 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在大城市生活的优势和缺点。

（1）句意： 纽约、伦敦、巴黎和其他大城市都是令人兴奋的可以居住的地方。不定式做后置定语，故填 to live。

（2）句意： 你可以去不同种类的博物馆、戏剧和电影。different后是名词复数，kind是名词，故填 kinds。

（3）句意： 你可以买到世界各地的东西。此处是副词修饰动词buy，表示并列关系，位于句中，故是also，也，故填 also。

（4）句意： 但是大城市也有严重的问题。此处是转折关系，故用转折连词but，表示对比大城市的好和问题，故填But。

（5）句意： 住在那里很贵，有很多人在大城市的某些地方。it做形式主语， to live there 是真正的主语，故填It。

（6）句意： 每年都有许多人搬到城市去找工作，去好学校学习，接受良好的医疗保健。care是名词，其前是形容词，medicine是名词，medical是形容词，故填 medical。 （7）句意： 但是有时这些人找不到工作和好地方居住。根据cannot，可知连接否定关系，表示并列用连词or，故填or。

（8）句意： 有些人喜欢住在大城市，有些人不喜欢。enjoy doing，固定搭配，喜欢做某事，故此处是动名词，故填 living。

（9）句意：有些人喜欢住在大城市，有些人不喜欢。some...others，固定搭配，一些……另一些，故填 others。

（10）句意： 他们搬到一个大城市之前应该考虑住在那里的问题。此处是连词，引导时间状语从句，考虑住在那里的问题是在去大城市之前，故是before，连词，故填 Before。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

3．语法填空

Do you want to learn English well？Here ________（be）some advice that I can give you to make your English better. The first point is the most important. And you must understand it's your duty（责任）________（learn）English well！Studying English is your own duty. It isn't the duty of your teacher or your parents.

Work as hard ________ possible！You must be active in your class and practise________（speak）English often in class or out of class. You should________（do）all of your homework after school.

Keep studying!________ stop for a long time such as a summer holiday！To make progress，you should study for at least 5 hours every week. Make English study your hobby and have fun.

You can improve your English ________following activities： Reading—Find interesting English books to read.

Singing—Sing your favourite English________again and again.

Watching DVDs—________don't you watch some English DVDs？It can make you relax and improve your English.

Travelling—What about ________（travel）

in English-speaking countries？You can learn a lot from your travelling.

【答案】 is；to learn；as；speaking；do；Don't；through；songs；Why；travelling 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了提高英语的方法。首先要多说多练，要持之以恒。把所有的作业做完。然后还可以多读英文书籍。多唱英文歌曲，多看英语视频等等 （1）句意：这儿有一些给你的让你的英语更好的建议。advice，不可数名词，be形式为is，故答案是is。

（2）句意：你必须要明白，学好英语是你的责任。本句为宾语从句，从句是动词不定式做主语，it做形式主语结构，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to learn。

（3）句意：尽可能的努力学习。as…as possible，尽可能的。固定搭配，故答案是as。 （4）句意：你必须尽在在课上或者课外练习说英语。练习做某事practice doing sth.固定短语，因此使用动名词形式，故答案是speaking。

（5）句意：放学后你应该做所有的作业。should应该，情态动词，情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案是do。

（6）句意：坚持学习，不要停很长时间，比如一个暑假。句子为祈使句，否定祈使句以don't开始，故答案是Don't。

（7）句意：你可以通过下面的活动提高英语。通过某种方式through，故答案是through。

（8）句意：一遍遍地唱你最喜欢的英文歌曲。根据sing可知是歌曲。歌曲song，可数名词，在句中使用复数形式，故答案是songs。

（9）句意：为什么不看一些英文的DVD呢？这是一个建议的句子，用why not do sth，为什么不做某事，表建议，故答案是Why。

（10）句意：旅游咋样？about为介词，介词后跟动名词形式，故答案是travelling。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

4．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词或词组）或括号内单词的正确形

式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。

Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. They don't know how ________（do） housework ________ their parents almost do everything at home. That is a big problem.

Joy is a fourteen-year-old girl. One day, her parents went away on a trip, so she was alone at home. At first she ________（think） she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do what she liked. But when it was six o'clock in the afternoon, she felt ________（hunger）.\"Oh, it's time ________（have） dinner. Where can I get my dinner?\" she said to ________（she）. Later she found some meat and vegetables in the fridge, ________ she didn't know how to cook them. At that moment, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to the supermarket to buy some food to eat.

Many teenagers have ________ same problem. So I think they should learn some life skills, like ________（cook）, tidying up their rooms or dressing themselves. They shouldn't depend ________ their parents too much.

【答案】 to do；because；thought；hungry；to have；herself；but；the；cooking；on 【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多中国孩子小时候被娇生惯养，Joy的父母外出，留她一个人生活，但是却不能自主，由此引发对青少年的担忧。

（1）句意：他们不知道如何完成家务。根据短语how to do sth，如何做某事，可知空缺填入to do，故答案为to do。

（2）句意：因为他们的父母在家里几乎做了所以的事情。根据句子前后描述的是因果关系，正因为父母做了事情，使得孩子无事可做，空缺填入because，故答案为because。 （3）句意：起初她认为她会开心因为她的父母不在。根据后文用了would，过去式，可知空缺应该填入think的过去式，为thought，故答案为thought。

（4）句意：但是当它是下午6点，她感到很饿。根据feel后面接形容词，可知应该填入hunger的形容词hungry，故答案为hungry。

（5）句意；它是时候吃饭了。根据短语it is time to do sth，是时候做某事，可知空缺填入to have，故答案为to have。

（6）句意；她对她自己说。根据家里只有她一个人，可知她只能对自己说，空缺填入反身代词herself，故答案为herself。

（7）句意：但是她不知道如何烹饪。根据句子前面提到有一些肉和蔬菜，后句话提到她不知道如何烹饪，可知表示转折填入but，故答案为but。

（8）句意：许多青少年有相同的问题。根据same前面加定冠词the，表示相同的，故答案为the。

（9）句意：因此我认为他们应该学习一些技能，比如烹饪，整理房间或打扮自己。根据介词like，可知后面加动词ing形式，故答案为cooking。

（10）句意：他们 不应该太过于依赖父母。根据短语depend on，依赖，可知空缺填入on，故答案为on。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

5．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个合适的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）

Do you like running? Running is becoming one of the most popular activities these days. Many of us run for our ________ （health ）. Doctors say many of the health problems come from such bad habits ________ eating too much, drinking too much, smoking, staying up late and not having enough exercise. Doctors tell us, “Eat________, don't smoke, have enough sleep and exercise more. “Running is a good exercise because it can help us ________（build） a strong body. It also ________ many people lose weight. One 25-year-old woman teacher runs for half an hour in the morning five times________week. She runs to lose weight. “I feel comfortable and I'm not fat any more,” she says. Running is good________health in other ways, too. Many runners say running also makes people________（strong）. “After school, I like to run for ten minutes. Then I feel ________（relax）and energetic,” says Yang Min, a middle school student. So today men and women of all ages enjoy ________（run）. Do you want to keep fit? Come on! Let's join in the running.

6．语法填空

The Chinese home-made cartoon film Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf has become one of the ________ （hot）cartoon films.

The film has ________ same name and ________ （character）as the TV series（电视剧）. But the film tells a new story. In the TV series, Big Big Wolf wants to eat the goats, but the goats protect themselves ________ （success）. In the movie, Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf join together. After hard work, they defeat（击败） ________ （they）common enemy in the end. It's so popular ________ the tickets are often sold out in hours. Many people have to stand in a line for the next ________ （day）tickets. Its box office（票房）has ________ （reach）3, 000, 000 yuan. The film is very ________ （interest）and you can go to see it ________ your parents.

7．【答案】 started

【解析】【分析】句意：我们什么时候开始聚会？所有的客人都到了。固定结构get sth. done表示让某事被做，故填started。

【点评】考查固定结构。注意动词非谓语形式的正确运用。

8．【答案】 needs；the；quickest；friendly；form；to make；talking；themselves；Make；more quickly

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了如何交朋友。交朋友最快捷的方式就是微笑，以赞美的方式开始话题，还要投其所好，这样的话才能交到更多的朋友。

（1）句意：交朋友需要技巧。making friends是动名词，动名词做主语，谓语动词要用单数形式，故填needs。

（2）句意：大多数人都喜欢有和他们一样喜欢做同样事情的朋友。固定短语the same kind of things表示相同的事情，same前面一般要用定冠词，故填the。

（3）句意：最快捷的交友方式就是微笑。分析语句可知此空需要形容词的最高级，表示最

快捷的，故填quickest。

（4）句意：当你微笑的时候，人们会认为你对他们非常的友好，很容易与你聊天。固定短语，be friendly to sb.，表示对某人非常的友好，故填friendly。

（5）句意：但请记住，大多数人都会避开一张愤怒的面孔的。固定短语，stay away from，表示与......保持距离，故填from。

（6）句意：学会与他人交谈是结交朋友的好方法。固定短语a way to do sth.表示做某事的方法，故填to make。

（7）句意：你不想一直和那个人说话吗？固定短语keep doing sth.表示持续做某事，故填talking。

（8）句意：问你的新朋友一些关于他们自己的问题。根据语境可知此空需要反身代词，故填themselves。

（9）句意：确保你也有话要说。固定短语，make sure，表示确保，有把握。此句是祈使句，动词原形开头，故填Make。

（10）句意：没有什么能比耸耸肩寻求答案更快地阻止谈话。因句中有连词than，表示比较，所以此空要用比较级结构，故填more quickly。

【点评】考查语法填空。根据所给单词的提示通读全文，理解大意；再根据句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素来确定所给单词的具体形式。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

Sara was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother. The exams were over and Sara wanted to invite her friends for a party and have fun.

\"Sara, aren't you going to invite Ada?\" her mother asked. Ada had been her best friend since childhood.

\"Mother, you know I am now a member of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with.\" Sara answered in a low voice. \"Really? And what are the rules?\" her mother asked in surprise.

\"Well, only very pretty girls can be part of our group. And Ada is so...you know...dark.\" \"I can't believe it.\" her mother said angrily.

As Sara left the kitchen, her father called her from the living room. Sara went to her father and got nervous when she saw the exam report in his hands.

\"Sara, what has happened to your grades? You have failed in math.\" her father said.

Sara had no answer. The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies.

\"Sara, it says that you can take part in supplementary exams. If your grades don't improve then,

I'll cancel your trip to Spain in the coming holiday.\"

Sara went to her room and called Gina, the leader of Purple Girls Club. \"Gina, can you help me to complete my notes before the exams?\" Gina just said, \"Exams? Who cares about exams?\"

One by one, she called all her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help her. Then Sara thought of Ada. She knew Ada would help her. She also knew Ada had been hurt by her, but Ada said, \"If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams.\"

Next Monday, as the two friends entered the school together, Gina called out, \"Sara, you know our club rules. You can't be friends with those who do not belong to our club.\"

\"Gina, I have a new rule about friendship.\" Sara replied, \"And I've decided to leave the club.\" （1）After Sara became a member of Purple Girls Club, she chose a friend according to a person's____________.

A. grades B. looks C. usual activities D. favorite colors （2）Sara became nervous after going to her father because____________. A. she didn't do well in her exams B. he didn't allow her to go to Spain C. she had to leave Purple Girls Club D. he asked her to improve her grades

（3）From the passage we know that Ada is ____________.

A. Silly. B. Rude. C. Kind. D. Beautiful. （4）Why did Sara leave the club at last? （请用约30-50个词回答） 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C

（4）Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了Sara参加了一个紫色女子俱乐部，这个俱乐部只接受漂亮的女孩子，因此Sara不再跟Ada做朋友，但是俱乐部还使得Sara没时间学习且俱乐部里没有人愿意帮助Sara，最后她决定退出这个俱乐部的故事。

（1）推理判断题。根据第五段 only very pretty girls can be part of our group. 只有漂亮的女孩可以成为我们组的成员，可知紫色女子俱乐部选择朋友是根据一个人的外貌。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据第八段 You have failed in math. 你数学考试失败了，可知Sara之所以紧张，是因为数学考得不好。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第三段 but Ada said, \"If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams.\" 但是Ada说“如果你需要任何帮助就让我知道。我们可以一起学习到你考试”，可知尽管Sara伤害过Ada，但是Ada还愿意帮助Sara学习，所以Ada是个善良的女孩子。故选C。

（4）主观题。通读全文可知，Sara决定退出女子俱乐部是因为她和这个俱乐部对于友谊的看法是不同的。这个俱乐部只允许和漂亮的女孩子做朋友，但是但Sara数学考试失败的时候，俱乐部的朋友却没有人愿意帮助她，只有Ada愿意。而且俱乐部的成员不在乎学习和成绩。故答案为 Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

10．阅读理解

April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth!

The earth has warmed by about 1°F （华氏度） over the past 100 years, but why and how? Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own. But many scientists say that people are doing many things which makes the earth warmer. First, greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候） change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too.

When the earth becomes warmer, there may be more rain and a rise in sea level. It will affect the growth of plants, animals and people. On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising. These people can no longer live on the coast. Before that, two islands without people went underwater in 1999. Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one meter by 2100.

People can affect the earth's air, land and water. As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth. For example, we can use fridges less. We can tell more people about protecting the earth.

（1）Earth Day is probably set for people to ______.

A. learn more about the earth B. make full use of the earth C. take better care of the earth. D. study the warmth of the earth （2）Greenhouse effect comes from______.

A. sea rising B. climate change C. nature's unbalance D. people's activity （3）According to the passage, _______ many affect each other.

A. animals and island B. climate and the warmth of the earth C. fridges and animals D. sea level and the growth of plants

（4）We can infer （推断） from the passage that the reasons for the warmer earth are______ now.

A. not very clear B. completely secret C. well known D. not given yet

（5）The passage mainly tells us that ______.

A. there is more rain now B. we should protect the earth C. we must stop pollution D. sea level is getting higher 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）A （5）B

【解析】【分析】 这篇短文中作者主要分析了地球变暖的原因，并号召我们行动起来保护地球。

（1）推理题。 根据April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on Earth should care about and protect the earth 4月22日是地球日。地球上的每个人都应该关心和保护地球 ，可知 地球日可能是为人们更好地保护地球准备的，故选C。

（2）推理题。 根据People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer 人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖 ，可知温室效应来自于人类的活动 ，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 greenhouse effect （温室效应） is a very important reason for the change of the earth. People give out too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate （气候） change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate 温室效应是地球变化的一个非常重要的原因。人们每年向空气中释放太多的能量。它使地球变暖。气候变化是另一个重要原因。有时太热，有时太冷。有时雨太大，有时雨太少。气候的变化使地球变暖。反过来，地球的温暖也改变了气候 可知， 气候和地球的变暖许多因素相互影响 ，故选B。

（4）推理题。 根据Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer on its own 科学家不太确定。也许地球自己变得越来越暖和 ，可知地球变暖的原因还不太清楚 ，故选A。

（5）主旨题。 这篇短文中主要分析了地球变暖的原因，告诉我们应该保护地球 ，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题和主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, there are six ways to make you feel good about yourself.

⑴Look in the mirror and say to yourself, \"I am a special person and there's no one in the world like me. I can do anything!\" It may not sound so good, but it really works! ⑵Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good.

⑶Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family.

⑷Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges（挑战）are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.

⑸Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination（想象）fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. ⑹Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin.

（1）This passage may be taken from .

A. a science book B. a story book C. a magazine D. school rules （2）What do the underlined words \"a sense of accomplishment\" mean？

A. 成就感 B. 忧伤感 C. 挫折感 D. 信任感 （3）Which of the following should you say \"No\" to when you are unhappy? A. You should always look for the good things of others. B. Stay alone at home as much as possible. C. Learn something new and go for it! D. Keep a diary to express your feelings. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是当你不开心或你多伟大时，让你感觉很好的几个建议。照镜子说自己是独一无二的。为别人做好事，微笑，读写日记，和家人在一起。

（1）文章出处题。这篇文章将的是怎样是自己有好心情，可知文章出自某个情感杂志。故选C。

（2）词意猜测题。根据New challenges（挑战）are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished. 新的挑战很有趣，当你完成时会给你一种成就感。根据when you have finished.可知当你完成挑战时，你就会有成就感。可知a sense of accomplishment成就感，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin. 可知当我们感到不高兴时我们要和家人在一起，不能独处。故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于文章词出处题。要根据文章的内容，进行判断。对于词意猜测题。需要准确无误地理解上下文，要根据常识，上下文等线索确定词义。对于细节理解题。要仔细阅读短文，在文章中找到和问题相关的句子，选出正确答案。

12．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.

Tickets Adults: $2.00

Children: Over12 $1.00 Under12 Free Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. -4: 00 p. m. Except Friday: 10: 00 a. m. -3: 00 p. m. Attentions: Keep the zoo clean.

Do not touch, give food or go near the animals.

（1）How many kinds of animals are talked about in the passage?

A. Seven B. Six C. Five D. Four （2）Now Mr. Smith is in the zoo with his son aged 10, how much are the tickets together? A. $2.00 B. $3.00 C. $4.00 D. $1.00 （3）Which of the following is the visiting time?

A. 8: 30 a. m. Monday B. 9: 30 a. m. Friday C. 3: 00 p. m. Sunday D. 5: 00 p. m. Tuesday （4）From the passage we can guess the animal \"giraffe\" must be very ________. A. fat B. long C. strong D. tall （5）This passage is ________.

A. a poster B. news C. a letter D. a story 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）D （5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了动物园的一些广告信息。

（1）细节题。根据 Come and see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from America. The bears are waiting to meet you, and the monkeys from China are waiting to throw things at you. The lovely dogs from Australia are waiting to laugh at you, and the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.可知有大象、老虎、熊、猴子、狗和长颈鹿，六种动物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Adults: $2.00 Children: Over12 $1.00 Under12 Free可知成年人2美元，12岁以下的孩子免费，12岁以上的孩子1美元，史密斯先生的儿子10岁，所以免费，所以是2美元，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. -4: 00 p. m.Except Friday: 10: 00 a. m. -3: 00 p. m.可知开放时间是9: 00 a. m. -4: 00 p. m.，星期五10: 00 a. m. -3: 00 p. m.不开放，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据the giraffes from Zambia are waiting to look down on you.可知长颈鹿俯视你，所以长颈鹿是高的，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据全文可知是广告信息，所以是海报，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

13．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。

Babies born after 2017 may never need to take a driving lesson because of the development of

self -driving cars. Some scientists say that self -driving or driverless cars（无人驾驶汽车）may hit the roads within 15 years, and it is possible that driving may become unnecessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.

Companies like Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars. But, if the tests are successful, these electric self- driving cars could be put into use very soon. This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future. All you have to do is to type in the address! According to Baidu, driverless technology has the following four advantages. Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. Secondly, driverless cars are more efficient（效率高的） than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules. Therefore traffic control will be easier to achieve. At last, the cost of transportation will be reduced as the labor cost becomes less.

There are many different technologies needed to make a successful self -driving car. The most difficult technologies of all are environmental perception（感知）, behavior prediction, planning control, HD mapping, and exact GPS.

（1）According to some scientists, driverless cars may make driving become______.

A. necessary B. difficult C. enjoyable D. boring （2）Which of the following is NOT true about driverless cars?

A. Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars. B. This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future. C. Driverless cars are safer than manned cars.

D. Passengers don't need to tell the cars where they want to go.

（3）The third paragraph mainly talks about the ________of driverless cars.

A. instructions B. standards C. advantages D. theories （4）What does the underlined word “decrease” in the third paragraph mean?

A. 减少 B. 增加 C. 培养 D. 建造 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】这篇文章介绍了正在研发的无人驾驶汽车的特点、无人驾驶技术的优点和需要解决的技术难题。

（1）细节理解题。 根据it is possible thatdriving may become not necessary, or more relaxing and enjoyable.可知是更加轻松有趣的，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。A. Google, Baidu, Apple andAlibaba are working on driverless cars. 谷歌、百度、苹果和阿里巴巴都在研发无人驾驶汽车。B. This kind of carsmay change our living conditions in the future.这种汽车将来可能会改变我们的生活条件。C. Driverless cars aresafer

than man-controlled cars.无人驾驶汽车比人控制的汽车更安全。D. Passengers don't need to tell the carswhere they want to go.乘客不需要告诉汽车他们想去的地方。根据All you have to do is typing in the address! ，可知需要键入想去的地址，故选D。

（3）细节理解题（段落大意题）。根据According to Baidu, driverlesstechnology has the following four advantages.，可知介绍的是无人驾驶技术具有四个优点,故选C。

（4）词句猜测题。根据上文Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. 首先，无人驾驶汽车实际上更安全。下文driverless cars are more efficient（效率高的） than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules.其次，无人驾驶汽车比有人驾驶的汽车更有效。第三，无人驾驶汽车遵守交通规则。可知 With driverless cars, the number of deaths caused by accidents will decrease. 交通事故会减少，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

14．阅读理解

What will life be like in 2050

Life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields, from entertainment to technology. TV channels will disappear in 2050. People will choose a programme from a \"menu\" and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.

Water wilt become one of our most serious problems. Today in many places, agriculture is developing and people are growing fruit and vegetables to export（出口）. This needs a lot of water. Need for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there will be serious shortages（短缺）.

In transportation, computers will control the speed of the ears and there won't be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go. Besides, space planes will take people halfway around the world in two hours. Nowadays, the United States Shuttle can go into space and land on Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.

In the field of technology, robots will replace people in many fields. Today many factories have already used robots. Big companies prefer robots because they do not ask for pay rises or go on strikes, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere—in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes. （1）TV channels will in 2050.

A. disappear B. appear C. be more expensive D. be cheaper （2）How many times will water use increase between now and ______.

A. Five times. B. Eight times. C. Ten times. D. Eleven times. （3）What will NOT happen to cars in 2050? A. There will be no accidents.

B. Computers will control the speed of cars. C. Computers will tell drivers where exactly they are.

D. Computers will control the cars and drive the cars to where you want to go. （4）Big companies prefer robots NOT because ____________. A. they will replace people B. they can work a long time C. they won't complain D. they do not go on strikes 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讨论了2050年的生活。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段TV channels will disappear in 2050. 可知，2050年电视频道会消失。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 Need for water will increase ten times between now .可知，用水量会增加十倍。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段 Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. 可知，现在的汽车就会告诉主人他们准确的位置，不需要等到2050年。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段 Big companies prefer robots because they do not ask for pay rises or go on strikes, and they work 24 hours a day.可知，大公司更喜欢机器人是因为他们不会要求涨工资、罢工，并且它们可以一天工作24个小时，而不是因为他们可以取代人类。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

15．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Life Is a Journey Anonymous Life is a journey. The path goes left and right. There is hope and happiness, Despair and difficulties.

There are so many choices along the way.

Which one is the best for me? Each creates a different future. If I compare myself with others,

It really doesn't help. Their life isn't mine.

And I have to make up my own mind. Success or failure may come. But worrying isn't the answer. I just need to enjoy the journey,

And never give up.

（1）In Verse （诗节） 2, the writer feels ________.

A. excited B. unsure C. worried D. sad （2）Read the summary （摘要） for each verse, and the right order is ________. a. I need to make my own decisions. b. Our choices lead to different futures. c. It's best not to worry and keep working hard. d. Life can be compared to a journey.

A. d-b-a-c B. d-b-c-a C. d-c-b-a D. d-a-c-b （3）Another name for the poem would be ________. A. My Choices B. Going on a Trip C. The Past and the Future D. Enjoying the Journey of Life 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D

【解析】【分析】大意：短文是一篇题为《生活是一次旅行》的诗歌。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二节 Which one is the best for me? 哪一个对我最好，可知作者觉得不确定。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一节 Life is a journey. 可知，作者将生活比作一段旅行，d为第一项；根据第二节 Each creates a different future. 可知，我们的选择会导致不一样的未来，B为第二项；根据第三节 And I have to make up my own mind. 可知，我必须做好自己的决定，a为第三项；根据第四节 But worrying isn't the answer. 可知，最好不要担心，而是努力，c为第四项。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一句I just need to enjoy the journey,And never give up.我只需要享受旅行，不要放弃，可知另一个比较好的标题应是享受生命的旅程。故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题两常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

16．阅读理解

You may feel interested in students in other countries. Do they have so much homework? What do they do in their free time? Do they often go to parties? People did a survey in China, Japan, South Korea and the US last year. Here are the results. Who studies the hardest?

Chinese students spend the most time in studying. About one in two spends more than two hours on their homework every day. Why? Maybe they' just want to improve themselves, or they do that just because of the school and their parents. Who sleeps most often in class?

About 45 percent of Japanese students doze off in class. 32% of us students feel sleepy in class,

while in China, there are 5% students sleeping in class. Why do Japanese students get tired and sleepy in class more easily? Because they always like to stay up late at night! Who is the most distracted?

American students are the most active in class, but also the most distracted. .2% of them talk to friends in class. 46.9% of them eat in class, and 38.9% of them send e-mails or read other books in class.

What do they do after school?

In their free time, most Chinese students study or surf the Internet. Most American students hang out with their friends or go to parties. Most Japanese students do exercise while most South Korean students watch TV.

（1）What percent of Chinese students spend more than 2 hours doing their homework every day?

A. 32% B. 45% C. 50% D. .2% （2）What does a \"distracted student\" usually do in class? A. He listens to his teachers very carefully. B. He keeps quiet and does his homework. C. He always falls asleep in class.

D. He does things that have nothing to do with learning. （3）What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A. The students from different countries have different character. B. Chinese students work much harder than those from other countries. C. The students around the world do something different in their free time. D. Most students in the world are interested in going online or watching TV. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A

【解析】【分析】文章介绍了不同国家的学生的学习行为不一样，中国的学生学习时间最长，并且玩的很少，学生普遍感到疲劳，日本学生上课打瞌睡的现象比较普遍，美国学生上课分神说话。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 About one in two spends more than two hours on their homework every day. 可知，有大约50%的学生做作业超过2小时，故选C。

（2）推断题。根据文章提到的 American students are the most active in class, but also the most distracted. .2% of them talk to friends in class. 46.9% of them eat in class, and 38.9% of them send e-mails or read other books in class 可知分心的学生总是做与学习无关的事情，故选D。

（3）主旨题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了不同国家的学生的学习行为不一样， 故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。