英语语法填空汇编专项习题及答案解析及解析

一、英语语法填空汇编 1．语法填空

A kidnapped 3-year-old boy ________ （name） Aiden helped police find himself on Tuesday, Jan. 13, after answering ________ （he） mum's phone in her stolen car- find out how he pulled it off!

Authorities said they found a 3-year-old boy who was sitting ________ a car stolen outside a Utah day care on Tuesday after he ________ （answer） his mother's cellphone and honked the horn to draw their attention.

\"The boy's mother, Elizabeth Barrios, left the car unlocked and running ________ a snowy morning as she dropped off another child, a baby, at the day care around 7 am in Ogden, a town about 40 miles north of Salt Lake City,\" the police said. When she walked out, she saw someone ________ （drive） her car away with her 3-year old son Aiden inside.

Police arrived and called her cellphone, which was in the car, hoping ________ （reach） the thief and negotiate the boy's release.

Instead, the boy answered the phone. He told his mother that a ________ （strange） had driven away her car and was going through her purse. She told him ________ （stay） calm as the man took things from her purse ________ ran away.

\"He is a very smart child,\" the police praised the kid. \"He did a great job.\"

【答案】 named；his；in；answered；on；driving；to reach；stranger；to stay；and 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个3岁的男孩通过在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他的事情。

（1）句意：1月13日，星期二，一个被绑架的名叫艾登的3岁男孩在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他。 helped是谓语动词，故此处是非谓语动词，name与boy是被动关系，故用过去分词做后置定语，named，名字叫……的，故填named。 （2）句意：1月13日，星期二，一个被绑架的名叫艾登的3岁男孩在被偷的车里接了妈妈的电话后，帮助警方找到了他。phone是名词其前是形容词性物主代词，he是主格，他，其形容词性物主代词是his，他的，故填his。

（3）句意：当局说，他们发现一个3岁的男孩坐在一辆被偷走的车里，星期二他在犹他州一家日托所外接了他母亲的手机，并按了喇叭以引起他们的注意。根据was sitting，可知表示正坐在某处，in the car，在车里，表示地点，故填in。

（4）句意：当局说，他们发现一个3岁的男孩坐在一辆被偷走的车里，星期二他在犹他州一家日托所外接了他母亲的手机，并按了喇叭以引起他们的注意。根据and honked the horn，可知and前后时态一致是一般过去时，故填answered。

（5）句意：警方称，男孩的母亲伊丽莎白·巴里奥斯早上7点左右在盐湖城以北40英里的小镇奥格登接受日托时，在一个下雪的早晨，将另一个孩子，一个婴儿，放下后，车没锁，就跑了。根据a snowy morning，可知morning前有形容词时用介词on，表示在……的早上，故填on。

（6）句意：当她走出来的时候，她看到有人开车带着她3岁的儿子艾登走了。see sb

doing sth，看见某人正在做某事，故此处是现在分词，故填driving。

（7）句意：蒂姆·斯科特中尉说，到了，打电话给她车里的手机，希望能找到小偷，并与他协商释放男孩的事宜。hope to do，希望做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to reach。 （8）句意：他告诉他妈妈一个陌生人开着她的车走了，正在翻她的钱包。不定冠词a后是名词单数，strange是形容词，stranger，是名词，陌生人，故填stranger。

（9）句意：她让他保持冷静，因为那个男人从她的钱包里拿走了东西就跑开了。tell sb to do，固定搭配，告诉某人做某事，故此处是不定式，故填to stay。

（10）句意：她让他保持冷静，因为那个男人从她的钱包里拿走了东西就跑开了。此处表示并列关系，拿走东西并且跑掉，故是并列连词and，故填and。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house. He was growing ________ （weak） day by day. Since he was unable to look after ________ （him）, he decided to hire （雇佣） a nurse to take care ________ him.

One day, the old man interviewed two ________ （nurse）—Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, \"Anthony has ________ （give） me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct?\"

Peter thought for a minute and said, \"________ Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.\"

The old man was very impressed by Peter's words. At the same time, Anthony came back with ________ cup of tea for the old man.

The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. \"Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. ________ do you think about this?\" After hearing this, Anthony shouted ________ （angry）.

In the end, Peter ________ （choose）. Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive inner beauty.

【答案】 weaker；himself；of；nurses；given；If；a；What；angrily；was chosen 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一个老人在录用护士时，故意挑起对方的矛盾，通过两人截然不同的反应，从而判断谁适合。

（1）句意： 他一天比一天虚弱。weak是形容词，形容词修饰系动词grow，根据day by day可知是比较级weaker，故填 weaker。

（2）句意： 因为他不能照顾自己 ，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。look after oneself，照顾自己，主语是he，故反身代词是himself，故填 himself。

（3）句意：因为他不能照顾自己 ，他决定雇一个护士来照顾他。take care of，固定搭配，照顾，故填of 。

（4）句意：一天，老人面试两个护士—— Anthony and Peter 。two后是可数名词复习，

nurse，是可数名词，故填nurses。

（5）句意： 安东尼对你的评价很差。根据助动词has可知此处是现在完成时，故填过去分词，give的过去分词是given，故填given 。

（6）句意：如果安东尼对我有看法，我一定有什么问题。此处是条件状语从句，故是引导词if，如果，故填If。

（7）句意：同时，安东尼给老人端了杯茶回来。cup是名词单数，以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a表示泛指，a cup of，固定搭配，一杯……，故填a。

（8）句意：你对此怎么想？此处是特殊疑问句，think后缺少宾语，故用what提问，故填What。

（9）句意：听到这，安东尼生气地大喊。副词修饰动词shouted，angrily，是副词，生气地，故填angrily。

（10）句意：最后，Peter被录用。根据 Peter looked quite common ， 可知时态是一般过去时，choose与主语Peter是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故助动词是was，choose的过去分词是chosen，故填 was chosen 。 【点评】考查语法填空，注意调整词性，时态，主谓一致和名词的数等。

3．用所给单词的适当形式填空，未给词的限填一词。

I used to be strongly against telling lies. I can't stand （忍受） lies. ________, a white lie changed my idea.

Several days ago, I invited some friends ________（get） together at a bar to celebrate my birthday. They promised to meet ________at 5 p.m. When that day came, I got to ________bar early. To my disappointment （失 M）, only one friend arrived by 4:50 p.m. Did they forget my birthday? I had to keep________（wait） for them. Most of them said that they were ________ the way while some said they were still at home. I realized that they wouldn't come on time. At 5 p.m., there ________（be） just three people with me. I sat on my chair ________ （happy）. How could they do this to me? They didn't care about me! I got so angry that I decided to leave. But just at that moment, a group of my ________ （friend） came into the room with a big cake in their hands, singing \"Happy birthday to you\". I was so________（surprise）. Ever since then, I didn't hate telling white lies anymore.

【答案】 However；to get；me；the；waiting；on；were；unhappily；friends；surprised 【解析】【分析】作者曾经强烈反对说谎，无法忍受谎言。但一次他的朋友们在聚会上给他惊喜的经历让他自此以后不再讨厌善意的谎言。

（1）句意：然而，一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法。前句说：我曾经强烈反对说谎。我无法忍受谎言。这里又说一个善意的谎言改变了我的想法，说明出现了转折，这里不是并列句，位于句首逗号前，用however，但是，故填However。

（2）句意：几天前，我邀请了一些朋友聚在酒吧庆祝我的生日。invite sb to do意为\"邀请某人做……\"，故填to get。

（3）句意：他们答应在下午5点见我。他们是要来赴约见我，动词meet后加人称代词宾格做宾语，我，me是宾格，故填me。

（4）句意：那天到了，我早早到了酒吧。名词bar意为\"酒吧\"，这里是特指，表示就是那个要开派对的酒吧，用定冠词the，故填the。

（5）句意：我不得不一直等他们。keep doing，一直做……，wait，动词，等待，动名词是waiting，故填waiting。

（6）句意：他们中的大多数人说他们在路上，而有些人说他们还在家里。on the way，在路上，表示他们还没到，还在路上，故填on。

（7）句意：下午5点，只有三个人和我在一起。这是there be句型，陈述过去的事情用一般过去时，最近的主语是people，对应的be动词是were，故填were。

（8）句意：我不开心地坐在椅子上。没来多少人我肯定不开心，根据How could they do this to me? 可知是不开心，副词修饰动词sat，unhappily，是副词，不开心地，故填unhappily。

（9）句意：但就在那一刻，我的一群朋友带着一块大蛋糕走进房间，唱着\"祝你生日快乐\"。 a group of 修饰可数名词复数，故填friends。

（10）句意：我是如此的惊讶。这里是在be动词后加形容词表示状态，形容词surprised意为\"惊讶的\"，故填surprised。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

4．根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。

Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village. It was the ________ （one）day of her school in town. W________ seeing her simple clothing and knowing her identity（身份）, other students laughed at Ann. Then the teacher told everyone to write d ________ the 8 wonders of the world. Everyone except Anna handed in ________ （they） answer papers. The teacher came to her, \"Don't worry. Just write. ________ you have known. \"Anna replied \"There are so many ________ （thing） Which 8 wonders can I pick to write?\"

Most students answered ________ （correct）-the Great Green Wall of China, the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Leaning Tower of Paris… Finally the teacher ________ （start） reading Anna's answer, \"The 8 wonders: To be able to see. To be able to Hear, To Feel, Laugh, Think, Be Kind, Love and Learn! \"The whole class kept ________ （silence）.

The girl from a small village reminded them ________ the precious（宝贵）gift in their life, which were true wonders.

【答案】 first；When；down；their；What；things；correctly；started；silent；of 【解析】【分析】文章大意：课上老师让学生写出世界上的奇迹，一个来自农村的小女孩的答案与众不同，他的答案提醒了我们生活中真正的礼物是什么。那才是真正的奇迹。

（1）句意：这是她在镇上上学的第一天。根据the可知应会使用序数词，one的序数词为first，故答案是first。

（2）句意：当看到她简单的服装并且知道她的身份时，其他同学就嘲笑她。根据两个句子的意思可知，该句是一个时间状语从句，根据首字母w可知应会使用when，故答案是When。

（3）句意：老师然每个人写下世界上的奇迹。write down固定短语，记下，写下，故答案是down。

（4）句意：除了安娜每个人都把他们的答卷交上去了。they在这里作定语修饰answer papers，因此应使用形容词性物主代词their，故答案是their。

（5）句意：就写你所知道的。句子为宾语从句空缺处作从句的宾语，应使用从属连词what，故答案是what。

（6）句意：安娜回答到：有那么多的东西，我从中选八个吗？根据many可知thing应使用复数形式things，故答案是things。

（7）句意：大多数同学回答正确。correct在这里修饰动词answered，应使用副词形式，correct的副词形式为correctly，故答案是correctly。

（8）句意：最后，老师开始看安娜的答案。本文的基本时态是一般过去式，在这里应使用start的过去式started，故答案是started。

（9）句意：全班都保持沉默。kept在这里是连系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，因此将silence改为silent，故答案是silent。

（10）句意：这个来自乡村的小女孩提醒我们生活中宝贵的礼物，那才是真正的奇迹。remind of提醒，固定搭配，故答案是of。

【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。

5．阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

When I was in the middle school, I got into an argument with a boy in my class. The teacher ________（decide） to teach us a very important lesson.

She brought us up to the front of the ________ ['kla:sru:m]and placed him on one side of her desk and________on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large, round object. I could ________（hard）see that it was black. She asked the boy what color the object was. \"White,\" he________[' a:nsa（r）d]

I couldn't________[bɪ'liːv] he said the object was white, when it was clearly black! Another argument started between my classmate and me, this time about the________of the object. The teacher told me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to come stand where I had been. We changed________（place）, and now she asked me what the color of the object was. I had to answer, \"White.\"

It was an object with two differently colored sides, and from his viewpoint （视角） it was________. Only from my side it was black.

I have always remembered the lesson I learned that day. Sometimes we need to look at the problem from the other ________（person） viewpoint in order to truly understand his/her view.

【答案】 decided；classroom；me；easily；answered；believe；color；places；white；person's

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者明白的认识道理，我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题，以便真正理解他的观点。

（1）句意：老师决定给我们上一节很重要的课。根据 When I was in the middle school可知时态是一般过去时 ， 故填 decided。

（2）句意：她把我们带到教室前面根据，定冠词the后是名词， ['kla:sru:m] 是classroom，教室，是名词，故填 classroom。

（3）句意：让他在桌子的一边，我在另一边，在她的桌子中间有一个很大的圆形物体。此处是placed的并列宾语，故用宾格，此处指代作者，故用第一人称单数，me，是代词，我，故填me。

（4）句意：我很容易看出它是黑色的。根据 it was black可知这个结果是很显然的，故此处是轻松地，副词修饰动词，hard，是副词，困难地，easily，是副词 ， 故填 easily。 （5）句意：“白色，”他回答。描述过去用一般过去时， [' a:nsa（r）d]answered，是动词过去式 ，故填 answered。

（6）句意：我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的。根据，couldn't是情态动词，其后是动词原形， [bɪ'liːv] believe，是动词，相信，故填 believe。

（7）句意：另一个争论开始于我和我的同学之间，这次是关于物体的颜色。根据上下文的白色和黑色可知，是谈论颜色，the定冠词后是名词，color，是名词，故填 color。 （8）句意：我们换了地方。此处缺少宾语，故是名词，表示彼此的位置，是复数，place是名词，故填 places。

（9）句意：这是一个两面颜色不同的物体，在他看来是白色的。系动词is后是形容词，根据上文我真不敢相信他说那东西是白色的，可知这个位置看是白色的，white，是形容词，故填 white。

（10）句意：我一直记得那天的教训有时我们需要从别人的角度来看待问题，以便真正理解他/她的观点。viewpoint是名词，person是名词，故此处是名词所有格，故填 person's。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，词性，所有格，和所给单词的读音等多种用法。

6．语法填空

Tonight is the night when children in much of the ________（west） world will be waiting for a fat man ________ red and white to pass by on his sleigh and climb down the chimney to deliver the Christmas ________ （present）. And as we all know, Santa Claus, or Father Christmas lives at the North Pole, you might not realize he's________ （actual） from Finland.

Everyone dreams of the coming of Santa Claus ________ （bring） him something. Stories ________ him spread throughout the centuries including one in which he helped a poor man who couldn't afford money for his married daughters. In the dead of night, Nicolas came to throw gold into his house. But the windows were too narrow so he had to climb down the chimney, yes, you guessed it, threw gold in the girls' stocking ________ （hang） up to dry.

I guessed, I thought, Santa Claus was just a commercial business. ________ I learned here

today that he was a real man that did great things. ________ he is a legend continued.

I'm proud because he was a saint. He helped all the people. He helped ________（we）. And now he helps me every day. Very few people know this fact.

【答案】 western；in；presents；actually；to bring；about；hung；But；And；us 【解析】【分析】文章大意：我们都知道，圣诞老人或圣诞老人住在北极，你可能不会意识到他来自芬兰。每个人都梦想着圣诞老人的到来（给他带些东西）。关于圣诞老人故事他流传了整个世纪，我想，我猜圣诞老人只是一种商业活动。我今天在这里学到他是一个真正的做了大事的人。他是个传奇人物。我很骄傲，因为他是个圣人。他帮助了所有的人。现在他每天都在帮助我。

（1）句意：今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送圣诞礼物的夜晚。west作定语修饰world，应使用western，故答案是western。

（2）句意：今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送圣诞礼物的夜晚。red and white是圣诞老人穿的衣服，穿某种颜色的衣服，使用介词in，故答案是in。

（3）句意：今晚是西方世界大部分地区的孩子们将等待一个红白相间的胖子驾着雪橇从烟囱上爬下来送圣诞礼物的夜晚。present可数名词，前面没有冠词出现，因此使用复数形式，故答案是presents。

（4）句意：我们都知道圣诞老人来自北极，实际上他来自芬兰。actual修饰动词is，因此使用副词形式actually，故答案是actually。

（5）句意：每一个人梦想着圣诞老人的到来，给他带来礼物。带来礼物是他们梦想圣诞老人到来的目的，因此使用动词不定式做目的状语，故答案是to bring。

（6）句意：关于他的故事传了几个世纪，就包括他帮助了一个买不起女儿的陪嫁的贫穷的父亲的故事。关于，about，介词短语作后置定语修饰stories，故答案是about。 （7）句意：但是窗户太窄，因此他不得不从烟囱爬下，朝挂着晾干的长筒袜里扔金子。hang作后置定语秀是stocking，stocking与hang是被动关系，因此使用过去分析作定语，hang的过去分词是hung，故答案是hung。

（8）句意：但是今天我在这里知道他是一个做大事的真人。本句和前面一句的描述不一致，应使用转折连词but连接，位于句首首字母大写，故答案是But。

（9）句意：他是个传奇人物。本句和前一句是顺接关系，应使用and连接，位于句首首字母大写，故答案是And。

（10）句意：他帮助我们。we在句中做宾语，应使用宾格us，故答案是us。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

7．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。

Some people still live in their home town. However, others may only visit________once or

twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside________（search）for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He________（live）in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job________a factory, he seldom visits his home town.\" I haven't been back for three years. It's________（shame）, \"he says. ________（develop） have been good in Hua Xing's home town since 2002, for example, new roads________（appear）. A new school ________（build）. However, some things will never change in his home town. The big old tree is still beside the playground. Children in his time________（usual） liked to play together under it. It was________happy childhood.

【答案】 it；to search/searching；has lived/has been living；in；shameful；Developments；have appeared；has been built；usually；such/really

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一些人生活在自己的家乡，而另外一些人可能会一年回一到两次家去遥远的城市打工。一个叫华兴的人在温州打工13年，却回家三次，但是他对家乡的记忆永远不会改变。

（1）句意：然而其他人可能一年探视一次或两次自己的家乡。空缺处指代的是前面提到的their hometown，为避免重复，应使用it指代，故答案是it。

（2）句意：成千万的中国人离开农村去城市找工作。去城市找工作是离开农村的原因，应使用动词不定式或现在分词做状语，故答案是to search/searching。

（3）句意：他在温州住了十三年了。根据可知应使用现在完成时或者完成进行时，故答案是 has lived/has been living 。

（4）句意：在一个工厂做繁重的工作，他很少回家。a factory作定语修饰job表示工作的处所，应使用介词in，故答案是in。

（5）句意：很丢脸。is后跟形容词作表语表示主语的状态，因此将shamel改为shameful，故答案是shameful。

（6）句意：从2002年以来华兴的家乡已经发展的不错了。空缺处是句子的主语，应使用名词，因此将develop改为development，根据助动词have可知使用复数形式，故答案是Developments。

（7）句意：新的大路已经出现。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化，应使用现在完成时，主语为复数，助动词使用have，故答案是have appeared。

（8）句意：一所新的学校已经建成。本句在举例说明家乡发生的变化，应使用现在完成时，学校是接受建造的，应使用被动语态，被动语态的完成时结构为have been done，主语是单数，助动词使用has，故答案是has been built。

（9）句意：他那时候的孩子通常喜欢在树下一起玩。usual做状语修饰动词liked，应使用副词形式，故答案是usually。

（10）句意：真的是如此幸福的童年。空缺处需要副词做状语，符合语境的副词有such和really，故答案是 such/really 。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

8．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。

Exam time! Most kids don't like exams, ________ we can't live without them. They play an important role in our lives.

Exams are not all the same. There are ________ kinds. One kind tests our knowledge and skills. The other kind helps find excellent students in different fields. For example, universities ________ （use） it to choose students.

At middle school, exams are about answering ________ （question） on paper. At university, doing an experiment or even ________ （draw） a picture can also be exams.

Kids in different ________ take different exams. In the USA, many school children do a book report or a science report ________ part of their exams. In Australia, middle school students need to use ________ they have learnt in class to make speeches. Sometimes, teamwork is part of an exam.

So exams are our lifetime \"friends\". Be nice and ________ （patient） with them. They ________（help） to make US better than before.

【答案】 but；two；use；questions；drawing；countries；as；what；patient；will help 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了考试是我们一生的“朋友”，善待他们，耐心对待他们，他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。

（1）句意： 大多数孩子不喜欢考试，但是没有考试我们无法生活。根据don't like exams不喜欢和we can't live without them离不开可知此处是转折关系，故用连词but，但是，故填but。

（2）句意： 考试不尽相同，共有两种。根据下文的one和the other可知是两者，故是基数词two，两个，故填two。

（3）句意： 例如，大学用它来选择学生。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是名词复数 universities，故谓语动词是动词原形，use是动词，故填use。

（4）句意： 在中学，考试是关于在纸上回答问题的。answer question，回答问题，故question是名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填 questions。

（5）句意： 在大学里，做实验甚至画画也可能也是考试。根据 doing an experiment or可知or前后一致，故此处用动名词做主语，draw是动词，故填 drawing。

（6）句意： 不同国家的孩子参加不同的考试。根据 different后是名词复数，下文提到美国，加拿大等国家，故此处是名词国家，country，故填 countries。

（7）句意： 在美国，许多学生在考试中会做读书报告或科学报告。此处缺少介词，根据report可知此处是作为某个报告内容，as是介词，故填as。

（8）句意： 在澳大利亚，中学生需要用他们在课堂上学过的东西来演讲。此处是宾语从句，learn后缺少宾语，故用what指代物，故填what。

（9）句意：善待他们，耐心对待他们。be系动词后缺少形容词，be patient with，对……有耐心，固定搭配，故填 patient。

（10）句意：他们会帮助我们变得比以前更好。根据 Be nice可知祈使句后是将来时，help是动词 ， 故填 will help。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

9．阅读下面材料，在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空1个单词）

A group of boys gathered around a tree. \"What a tall tree!\" they said to each other. \"It would be exciting to climb to the top!\"

The group of boys then decided to play a game to see who could ________（climb） to the top of the tree first. Their ________（mother） were sitting not far away, looking on at them as they played.

One of the climbers was________（冠词）8-year-old boy named David. He was the________ （short） child in the group. Nobody thought he would win the competition.

Then the game started. All of the boys tried ________（ they 1 best to climb as high as they could. ________（连词）they all made it halfway up the tree before David did, he reached the top of the tree first in the end.

His mother was proud to see this. She asked him, \"David, how did you manage to reach the top of the tree so ________（quick）?\"

\"It was easy, \"David said. \"The other children ________（ keep） looking down as they climbed. When they realized how high they were, they got scared and were afraid of ________（fall） down. I, however, looked only up. When I saw how close I was, I just went higher and higher until I reached the lop.\"

It is true in life that if we just keep going forward________（介词）looking back, we are more likely to reach our goals and achieve success.

【答案】 climb；mothers；an；shortest；their；Although/ Though；quickly；kept；falling；without

【解析】【分析】（1）句意：这群男孩于是决定玩一个游戏，看谁能先爬到树顶。climb是动词，爬，could是情态动词其后是动词原形 ，故填 climb 。

（2）句意：他们的母亲坐在不远处，看着他们玩耍。mother是名词，妈妈，此处泛指故用复数，故填 mothers。

（3）句意：其中一个登山者是一个名叫大卫的8岁男孩。boy是名词单数，8以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an表示泛指，故填an。

（4）句意：他是小组里个子最矮的孩子。没有人想到他会赢得这场比赛。 short是形容词，矮的，根据定冠词the可知是形容词最高级，故填 shortest。

（5）句意：然后比赛开始了。所有的男孩都尽力爬到尽可能高的地方。try one's best to do，固定搭配，尽某人最大努力做某事，they的形容词性物主代词是their，他们的，故填 their。

（6）句意：虽然他们都比大卫先爬到了树的一半，但最后他还是第一个到达了树顶。根据they all made it halfway up the tree 和 he reached the top of the tree first in the end ，可知此处是让步状语从句的语气，although/ though，尽管，故填 Although/ Though。 （7）句意：大卫，你是怎么这么快就爬到树顶的？副词修饰reach，quick的副词是quickly，迅速地，故填 quickly。

（8）句意：其他孩子在爬山时不断向下看。根据 as they climbed 可知时态是一般过去时，

keep的是动词，其过去式是kept，保持，故填 kept。

（9）句意：当他们意识到自己有多高时，就会感到害怕，害怕摔倒。fall是动词，落下，of是介词，其后是动名词falling，故填 falling。

（10）句意：这是真实的生活，如果我们继续向前，而不回头看，我们更有可能达到我们的目标和取得成功。根据 keep going forward 可知是不要回头，without是介词，没有，故填 without。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

10．

阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）

A king had two sons and asked famous teachers to teach them. After a few ________（year）, the king fell badly ill. So he wanted to choose one of his sons as the next king, but which one would be the right person? He thought it over ________ a whole night. At last, he decided ________ （test） his sons.

One day, he gave a room to each of ________ （they）, You must fill the room completely （完全地） with anything you wish. But there should ________ （be）no space left and you can't ask for advice from anyone!\"

The next day the king ________（visit） his elder son's room. The room was completely filled with grass. The king felt sorry about it. Then he went to ________other room, but it was closed. His ________ （young） son asked him to get in and closed the door again. It was dark everywhere, so the king shouted at him ________ （angry）, But suddenly the second son lighted a candle and the room was full of light. The king felt very excited and hugged him proudly. He realized: Wisdom（智慧） is more important than simple answers ________ are easy to get.

【答案】 years；for；to test；them；be；visited；the；younger；angrily；which/that 【解析】【分析】文章大意：国王有两个儿子，让著名的老师教他们，几年后，国王生病了，想找到一个聪明的王位继承人，让他两个儿子用自己想到的东西把房间填满，第二天分别去了两个儿子的房间，很高兴地拥抱了二儿子，他意识到智慧比简单的答案更重要。 （1）句意：几年后，国王病的很严重。a few一些，后跟可数名词的复数形式，因此使用year的复数，故答案是years。

（2）句意：他仔细考虑了整整一个晚上。 a whole night 是时间段，引出时间段的是介词for，故答案是for。

（3）句意：最后，他决定测试一下他的儿子。decide to do sth.，决定做某事，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to test。

（4）句意：一天，他给了他们每人一个房间。of是介词，介词后使用宾格人称代词，将they改为them，故答案是them。

（5）句意：但是不应该有空间剩下，不能向任何人请求建议。本句为there be句式，should是情态动词，情态动词后使用动词原形，故答案是be。

（6）句意：第二天，国王参观了他的大儿子的房间。本文的基本时态是一般过去时，因此本句为一般过去时，应使用visit的过去式visited，故答案是visited。

（7）句意：于是他去了另一个房间。国王有两个儿子，分别对两人或者两件事进行描述，应使用短语one…the other…，一个……另一个……，故答案是the。

（8）句意：他的小儿子让他进去。又把门关住了。因为国王有两个儿子，先去的是大儿子的房间，后去的应该是小儿子的房间，大与小是相对的，因此都应使用比较级，故答案是younger。

（9）句意：到处都很黑，国王生气地冲着他喊叫。angry修饰动词shouted，应使用副词形式angrily，故答案是angrily。

（10）句意：智慧比容易得到的答案更重要。本句为定语从句，先形式是answers，因此关系代词使用that或者which，故答案是 which/that 。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

11．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 About ten years ago when I was at university, I worked at my university's museum. One day ________ I was working in the gift shop, I saw two old people come ________ with a little girl in a wheelchair （轮椅）.

As I looked closer ________ this girl, I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. She was ________ （wear） a little white dress. When the old people pushed her up to me, I was looking down at the desk. I turned my head and gave ________ （she） a smile. As I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the cutest, ________ （happy） smile I had ever seen.

Just at that ________ , her physical handicap （生理缺陷） was gone. All I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just impressed me ________ almost gave me a completely new idea of what life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy university student and brought me into her world, a world of smiles and love.

That was ten years ago. I'm a ________ （success） business person now and whenever I feel frustrated and think about the trouble of the world, I will think of that little girl and the unusual lesson about life that she ________ （teach） me.

【答案】 when/while；in；at；wearing；her；the happiest；time/moment；and；successful；taught

【解析】【分析】文章大意：大学期间遇到的一个坐轮椅的小女孩，她的可爱的乐观的微笑改变了我的人生观。十多年以来，她的微笑始终激励着我。

（1）句意：有一天，我在礼品店工作时，看到两个老人带着一个坐轮椅的小女孩进来。分析句式结构可知，I was working in the gift shop是一个时间状语从句，要用when或while来引导；第一空格故填when或while；因I was working in the gift shop，因此two old people需要进来，我才能看到。固定短语come in，进来，第二个空格故填in。 （2）句意：当我走近这个女孩时，我发现她没有胳膊或腿，只有头、脖子和身体。根据

后面语句I realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, neck and body. 可知，我近距离地看到了这个小女孩。固定短语look at，看到，故填at。

（3）句意：她穿着一件白色的小裙子。wear，穿，动词，根据前面的was可知，此句要用过去进行时，故填wearing。

（4）句意：我转过头对她笑了笑。she，人称代词主格，她；固定短语give sb. sth.给某人某物，人称代词作give的宾语要用宾格，故填her。

（5）句意：她给了我一个我所见过的最可爱、最快乐的微笑。happy，开心，快乐。根据语句中的the cutest与I had ever seen可知此空要用最高级，故填the happiest。

（6）句意：就在那时，她的生理缺陷消失了。固定短语at that time，at that moment，在那时，故填time或moment。

（7）句意：我看到的只是一个美丽的女孩，她的微笑给我留下了深刻的印象，几乎让我对生活的意义有了全新的认识。分析句式结构impressed me与almost gave me a，……是小女孩的微笑给我的影响，二者表示并列，故填and。

（8）句意：我现在是一个成功的商人。success，名词，成功。根据语境中的business person可知此空需要形容词，故填successful。

（9）句意：每当我感到沮丧，想到世界上的麻烦时，我就会想起那个小女孩，以及她教给我的关于生活的不寻常的教训。teach，动词，教。根据语境可知此句要用过去时，故填taught。

【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。

12．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.

First, came the invention of writing, ________（probable） .about 5, 500 years ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never________ （see） and share their knowledge with insure generations.

Later, the Greeks were well-known for their literature （文学） and science, but their \"books\" looked very different ________the books of today. They were called scrolls （卷轴）. They were difficult to use and took a lot of space in a library. About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages________ （invent）.

For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in ________thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very ________（use） Chinese invention: paper.

But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books ________were produced on a printing press.

These days it is difficult ________（imagine） a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more________ （story） are bought as e-books and read on a screen. Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, ________will books, like scrolls, soon disappear?

【答案】 probably；saw；from；were invented；the；useful；that/which；to imagine；stories；or

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了书的历史。

（1）句意： 首先，书写的发明可能在大约5500年前。副词修饰动词came，probable是形容词，probably是副词，故填probably。

（2）句意： 他们可以与从未见过的人交流，并与保险公司的几代人分享他们的知识。根据 5, 500 years ago可知时态是一般过去时，see的过去式是saw ， 故填saw。 （3）句意： 后来，希腊人因他们的文学和科学而闻名，但是他们的“书”看起来和今天的书大不相同。be different from，固定搭配，与……不同 ， 故填from。

（4）句意： 大约2000年前，有很多页的书4被发明。根据2000年前是一般过去时，invent和pages是被动关系，主语是名词复数，故助动词是were ， 故填 were invented。 （5）句意： 这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明，纸。根据thirteenth是序数词，其前是定冠词the，故填the。

（6）句意：这种情况在13世纪发生了变化，当时欧洲人了解到一项非常有用的中国发明，纸。invention是名词，其前是形容词，use是动词，useful是形容词，故填 useful。 （7）句意： 更多的人买得起印刷机上生产的书。定语从句缺少主语，指代先行词books，故用关系代词that/which指代，故填 that/which。

（8）句意： 如今，没有书的世界很难想象。it's+形容词+to so，固定搭配，做某事很…… ， 故填 to imagine。

（9）句意： 每年，都有更多的故事以电子书的形式被购买并在屏幕上阅读。此处缺少主语，根据are可知是名词复数，story是名词 ， 故填 stories。

（10）句意： 将来会有人翻过传统书籍的书页吗？像卷轴一样的书会很快消失吗？连接疑问句表示并列关系用or ， 故填or。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

13．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Greetings from Madrid! I can't believe I'm finally here! The trip from ________ （be） long and tiring, but I made it. My hotel is nice and I am staying in a guesthouse in the central area of Madrid. I got a cheap and simple room, much ________ （small） than my own room back home. It only has a small bed and shower, ________ it is quite comfortable to stay in. The weather here is wonderful. It's warm and sunny, ________ clear blue skies every day. It's great for sightseeing, because there are a lot of things to see and do. I've found a friendly guide here and yesterday I ________ （show） around the city. Tomorrow he will take ________ （I） to Andalusia to visit the city of Granada. I can't wait ________ （see） the Alhambra Palace and other places of interest. Also, I ________ （real） want to try the food there-especially gazpacho, ________ kind of cold soup which I hear is special, very different from anything else in Spain. I'll bring you back some ________ （present）.See you next month! Love, Jamie 【答案】 was；smaller；but；with；was shown /was showed；me；to see；really；a；presents

【解析】【分析】文章大意：杰米从去西班牙的马德里旅行，这是他写给朋友的信，介绍了他在西班牙的的首都——马德里的行程。

（1）句意：从来这里的旅游很长且疲惫。根据 but I made it ，可知句子时态为一般过去时，主语trip为单数，be的形式应使用was，故答案是was。

（2）句意：我们找到了一个便宜的简单地房间，比我们家里的房间小多了。根据than可知应使用形容词的比较级，small的比较级为smaller，故答案是smaller。

（3）句意：它只有一张小床和淋浴，但是住进去相当舒服。根据前后连句话的意思看，不是一致的，应使用转折连词过度一下，能够表示转折的词but，故答案是but。

（4）句意：每天天气晴好暖和，还有晴朗的蓝天。clear blue skies作为伴随性的状语出现，应使用介词with连接，有……，表伴随，故答案是with。

（5）句意：在这里我找到了一个友好的导游，昨天领着我参观了城市。结合语境考虑可知是导游领着我参观，我是被带领的，因此使用被动语态，被动语态的结构是be done，根据yesterday可知为过去时，be的形式为was，show的过去分词为showed或者shown，故答案是 was shown /was showed 。

（6）句意：明天他将带我去安达卢西亚去参观格拉纳达市。I 在句中作take的宾语，应使用宾格人称代词，将I 改为me，故答案是me。

（7）句意：我迫不及待要看阿尔罕布拉宫和其他的名胜古迹。 can't wait to do sth.固定搭配，迫不及待做某事，应使用动词不定式，故答案是to see。

（8）句意：我也真的想品尝一下那里的美食——西班牙凉菜。real修饰动词want，因此使用副词形式，real的副词为really，故答案是really。

（9）句意：一种凉汤，我听着就很特殊，kind可数名词，因为使用了单数形式，且起始音为辅音，应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。

（10）句意：我将给你带回一些礼物。present可数名词，根据some可知应使用复数形式，故答案是presents。

【点评】考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格掌握其大意，然后根据文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，主意考虑句型，语法，搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。

14．阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Sitting at a desk in a classroom all day can be pretty boring. With a bike, the reading class can be ________ （interesting） than before.

The teachers in ________ school in the USA have tried this. The Read and Ride program ________（begin） five years ago. As part of the Read and Ride program, the teachers change the students'________ （desk） into exercise bikes. With this program, one classroom in the school has enough bikes for each student in class. ________ is possible for the students to ride bikes and read books at the same time. Even common classrooms have one bike at the back of them. The students who cannot sit still can use the bike ________ （do） exercise. The exercise bikes are not only good for the students' health but helpful in ________ （improve） the efficiency of the students' study. When students are bored with study, they can relax themselves ________ riding the bikes for a while.

After keeping trying the program for one year, the teachers found that the students ________ took part in the program did much better in reading tests. ________ amazing it is! 【答案】 more interesting；a；began；desks；It；to do；improving；by；who/that；How 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的一所学校采取的一种有趣的教学方法来提高学生们的阅读能力，这种方法是边骑车边阅读。这种方法的使用收到了良好的效果。 （1）句意：使用自行车，阅读课比以前更有趣。根据than，可知应使用形容词的比较级，interesting的比较级为more interesting，故答案是more interesting。

（2）句意：美国一个学校的老师尝试了这一种方法。school使用的单数形式，而且并没有特指哪一所学校，因此应使用不定冠词，school是以辅音字母开始，因此应使用不定冠词a，故答案是a。

（3）句意：边阅读边骑自行车的项目开始于五年前。根据five years ago可知应使用过去时，begin的过去式是began，故答案是began。

（4）句意：作为阅读和骑行计划的一部分，老师将学生的课桌变成了自行车。一个班里的学生不只有一个，因此课桌也就不止一个，因此应使用复数形式desks，故答案是desks。

（5）句意：对于学生来说在同一时间边骑自行车边阅读成为了可能。固定搭配，it is+形容词+for sb to do，对于某人来说做某事怎样，故答案是it。

（6）句意：那些不能坐下的学生仍然可以使用自行车做练习。做练习是使用自行车的目的，因此应使用动词不定式做目的状语，故答案是to do。

（7）句意：运动自行车不仅有利于学生们的健康，而且能够帮助学生们提高他们的学习效率。in为介词，介词后的动词使用动名词，故答案是improving。

（8）句意：他们可以通过骑一会自行车来放松。骑自行车是他们放松的方式，一般使用by来引出方式状语，故答案是by。

（9）句意：老师发现那些参加了该项目的学生在阅读考试的时候做的更好。本句为定语从句，先行词students属于人，而且在从句中做主语，因此关系代词可以使用who或者that，故答案是 who/that 。

（10）句意：多么令人惊奇啊！根据标点符号可知该句为感叹句，强调的是形容词amazing，因此应使用how，故答案是How。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用，需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。

15．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

It was a quarter past Tine Mr. Beet hadn't come back His wife was a bit worried. The super was cold and she had waited for two and a half hours. She was sitting by the table in a dark room. She closed her ________ （eye） and listened carefully. Her neighbour Mr. Turner's television was on. She liked the pop music, ________ she would not turn on hers.

Her husband worked in an office. He worked hard so that he was paid a lot. The things in his home, such ________ the television, the computer, the fridge and so on, were all left by his parents. He and his wife only had to pay ________ their food and clothes. They tried to save money. If they ever felt sick, they just bought some medicine instead of ________ （see） a doctor.

Suddenly the woman ________ （hear） someone coming upstairs. It was her husband who came back. She hurried to open the door. In the dark she could hear his deep breathing. As ________ as he sat down, she turned on the light and found he looked very tired. \"________ do you come back so late, dear?\" asked the woman. \"Didn't you take the bus?” \"No, I didn't take it. I ran after it and I saved two dollars this evening.\"

\"That's great!\" the woman said ________ （happy）. \"Run after a taxi next time and you ________ （save） even.

【答案】 eyes；but；as；for；seeing；heard；soon；Why；happily；will save

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Beet夫妇虽然有钱，但是很节省，不开灯，也不坐公共汽车。

（1）句意： 她闭上眼睛仔细听着。形容词性物主代词her后是名词，表示泛指用复数，故填eyes。

（2）句意： 她喜欢流行音乐，但她不会打开她的电视。 根据 liked the pop music 和 would not turn on可知是表示转折，故用转折连词，但是，but ， 故填but。

（3）句意： 他家里的东西，如电视机、电脑、冰箱等，都是他父母留下的。such as，固定搭配，例如，故填as。

（4）句意： 他和他的妻子只需要付他们的食物和衣服的钱。 pay for，固定搭配，付款，故填for。

（5）句意： 如果他们感到不舒服，他们只是买了一些药，而不是去看医生。介词of后是动名词，故填seeing。

（6）句意： 突然，那个女人听到有人上楼来了。 根据 t was her husband 可知描述过去用一般过去时，hear的过去式是heard，故填heard。

（7）句意： 当他坐下时，她打开灯，发现他看起来很累。as soon as，固定搭配，一……就，故填soon。

（8）句意： 亲爱的，你为什么回来得这么晚？根据 asked the woman 可知此处是问原因，故是为什么，why ，故填Why。

（9）句意： 太好了！女人高兴地说。副词修饰动词said，happy的副词是happily，故填happily。

（10）句意： 下次追一辆出租车，你就可以节省更多。根据 next time 可知是一般将来时，故填will save。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

16．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In Britain you aren't allowed ________ （drive） a car until you are seventeen. You have to get a special driving license ________ you can drive, When you're learning, someone with a full license always has to be in the car ________ you. You aren't allowed to drive the car on the road alone.

You don't have to go to a driving school. A friend can teach you. The person who teaches you isn't allowed to take money ________ the lesson unless he has got a teacher s license.

You have to take a ________ （drive） test to have a full license. If you don't pass the test, you will be allowed to take it again a few weeks later if you want to. In 1970, a woman passed her ________ （forty） test after 212 driving lessons! When you have passed your test, you are allowed to go on driving as long ________ you like, if you are ________ （health）. Britain's ________ （old） driver was a man who drove in 1974 at the age of 100. Before 1904, everyone was allowed to drive, even ________ （child）. From then on car drivers must have licenses. 【答案】 to drive；before；with；for；driving；fortieth；as；healthy；oldest；children 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国在开车上路之前考取驾照的情况。

（1）句意： 在英国，直到17岁你才被允许开车。be allowed to do，固定搭配，允许做某事，故此处是不定式，故填 to drive。

（2）句意： 你必须得到一张特殊的驾驶执照才能开车。根据常识，开车前要考驾照，之前before ， 故填 before。

（3）句意： 当你学习的时候，一个有驾照的人总是必须在你的车里和你在一起。根据 has to be in the car 可知是和某人在车里，是介词，with ， 故填 with。

（4）句意： 除非有教师执照，否则教你的人不允许为了钱上课。for，介词表示目的，为了 ， 故填 for。

（5）句意： 必须参加驾驶考试才能获得驾照。test是名词其前是形容词，此处是动名词做定语，表示用途 ， 故填 driving。

（6）句意： 1970年，一名女子经过212节驾驶课，通过了第40次考试！根据限定词her可知此处是序数词，forty是基数词，fortieth是序数词 ， 故填 fortieth。

（7）句意： 如果你健康，当你通过考试后，只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。as long as，固定搭配，只要，故填 as。

（8）句意：如果你健康，当你通过考试后，只要你喜欢你可以继续驾驶。are系动词后是形容词，health是名词，healthy是系动词 ， 故填 healthy。

（9）句意： 英国最老的司机是1974年100岁时开车的人。driver是名词其前是形容词，此处根据100岁可知是最老的司机，用形容词最高级 ， 故填 oldest。

（10）句意： 1904年以前，每个人都被允许开车，甚至是小孩。此处是名词复数表示泛指，child的复数是children ， 故填 children。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

17．语法填空

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower. It is famous for ________tilt （倾斜） 1o one side. Located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, the tower ________ （become） a symbol of Italy. It is one of ________ oldest buildings in Pisa's Cathedral Square.

The tower was not designed to lean, ________ because people built it on soft soils it gradually tilted to one side. Even though some people don't think the tower is a ________ （success） building because of its tit, the tower has won a special place in history. The tower has also been used for experiments by the famous Italian scientist ________ （call） Galileo Galilei.

Every year, ________ （million） of tourists flock to the tower to take the classic photo pretending（假装） to hold up or knock down the tower. Tourists can also climb the 294 steps to the top inside the tower. There are seven ________ （bell） on top of it. It is said that you must visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa during the day. At night the shops are closed and it looks just so-so. However, if you visit it on a full moon night, the tower ________ （look） fantastic.

When you plan ________ （visit）Leaning Tower of Pisa, you should not miss some other sights near it, including Santa Maria della Spina and the Guelph Tower.

【答案】 its；has become；the；but；successful；called；millions；bells；looks；to visit 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了意大利著名的比萨斜塔，它位于比萨大教堂后面。一开始设计的时候并不是斜的，因为地基的原因，慢慢向一侧倾斜。虽然人们认为这不是一个成功的建筑，但是在历史上赢得了特殊的历史地位。意大利著名科学家伽利略层在塔山做过著名的落地实验。每年有成百万的游客来这里旅游，拍照。

（1）句意：它因向一侧倾斜而著名。根据句意可知，这里的倾斜指塔本身的倾斜，使用与主语一致的物主代词its，故答案是its。

（2）句意：位于比萨大教堂的后面的斜塔成为了意大利的象征。我们知道它已经成为了意大利的象征了，因此使用现在完成时，现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词。主语the tower为第三人称单数，助动词使用has，故答案是has become。

（3）句意：它是比萨大教堂广场最古老的建筑之一。oldest为形容词最高级，形容词最高级前使用定冠词the，故答案是the。

（4）句意：塔不是设计的时候就是斜的，但是因为人们把它建筑在软的土地上，慢慢地就向一边倾斜。一开始设计的不是斜的，现在成为斜的了，与设计本身不符，因此使用转折词but连接，故答案是but。

（5）句意：即使人们因为倾斜不认为这是成功的建筑，但是它却在历史上赢得了特殊的地位。success作定语修饰building，因此使用形容词successful，故答案是successful。 （6）句意：这座塔也曾被意大利科学家伽利略用来做实验。call以及后面的Galileo Galilei作后置定语修饰scientist，意思为被叫做，因此使用过去分词called，故答案是called。 （7）句意：每年，成百万的人游客聚集在塔前拍着经典照片，假装支撑着它，或者把它推倒。millions of固定短语，成百万的，故答案是millions。

（8）句意：塔顶有七个钟。bell钟，可数名词，根据seven可知应使用复数形式，故答案是bells。

（9）句意：然而，如果你在满月的时候去看斜塔，它看起来很迷人。本句为一般性的叙述，应使用一般现在时，主语the tower是第三人称单数，谓语使用三单形式looks，故答案是looks。

（10）句意：当你计划参观比萨斜塔时，被忘了欣赏附近其他的风光。plan to do sth.计划做某事，固定搭配，故答案是to visit。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章，字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍，检查验证。

18．语法填空

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he ________（ask）why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old.\" I ________（try）to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped the bottle and it fell. spilling（滋出）the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk！I was frightened and I didn't know what to do!\" he said.

His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. \"I ________（consider）how to explain all this to you. Mum.\" he said. Instead of ________him, she said. \"Robert, what a great mess you have made! I ________（not see）such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like ________（play）in the milk for a while? We ________（clean）it up after that.\" Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. \"You know. Robert. whenever you ________a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.\" He used a sponge（海绵）and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.

His mother then said. \"You know, we ________how to successfully carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let's go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you ________（discover）a way to carry it.\" Then the little boy learned that if he grasped （抓紧）the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!

【答案】 was asked；was trying；am considering；punishing；haven't seen；to play；will

clean；make；failed；can discover

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事，作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时，不小心把奶瓶掉下地了，牛奶溅到到处都是，但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他，而是借此教育了他，他学会了如果他抓紧瓶子顶部，他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。

（1）句意：当他被问为什么他会这样做，他给了答案。根据was，可知用过去时，ask问，he和ask之间是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态，其结构为be+过去分词，主语是he，be动词用was，ask的过去分词是asked，故填was asked。

（2）句意：我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候，突然我落下的瓶子，并且它掉了下来。此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候，恰好这时另一件事发生了，主句用过去将来时，主语是I，be动词用was，故填was trying。

（3）句意：他说“妈妈，我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。”consider考虑，动词，他妈妈金厨房时，他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释，直接引语用现在进行时，其结构为be+现在分词，主语是I，be动词用am，consider的现在分词是considering，故填am considering。 （4）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。根据常识，一般弄掉了牛奶，应该会受到惩罚，但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他，punish惩罚，动词，instead of后接动名词，punish的动名词是punishing，故填punishing。

（5）句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。see看见，描述过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have+过去分词，根据not，可知用否定句，主语是I，构成否定句要借助助动词haven't，see的过去分词是seen，故填haven't seen。

（6）句意：因为牛奶已经被溅出，你想玩一会儿牛奶吗？would like to do sth想做某事，play玩， 故填to play。

（7）句意：我们然后将会把它打扫干净。描述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，clean打扫，故填will clean。

（8）句意：无论什么时候你向这样搞得乱七八糟，最终你必须打扫干净。make a mess搞得乱七八糟，固定搭配，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故填make。

（9）句意：他妈妈然后说。”你知道，我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两个大奶瓶。由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法，可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶，用fail，失败，fail to do sth不能做某事/失败做某事，根据just now可知，用一般过去时，fail的过去式是failed，故填failed。 （10）句意：我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。用水填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法，discover发现，can可以，能，此次用can discover，可以发现，故填can discover。

【点评】考查语法填空。首先理解文章大意，答题的过程中，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后得出正确的答案。

19．阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Strangely enough, some inventions are lost ________ people can't imagine their

________ （valuable）. A use may need to be \"invented\" along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing ________ （invent） in the 1800s. It took more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to ________ （electrical） transmit（传输） writing. At first, it was considered ________ （use） since few people thought there was ________ need for transmitting writing over ________ （wire）. Eventually the value of the invention was realized, and it was improved ________ office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard ________ （equip） in offices. The reason is ________it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?

【答案】 because；value；was invented；electrically；useless；a/any；wires；for；equipment；that

【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些发明因为人们不能想象它们的价值而失去，列举传真机器的发明来说明这点。

（1）句意：足够奇怪的是，因为人们不能想象它们的价值，所以一些发明消失了。后句表示原因，所以用because；形容词修物主代词修饰名词，their它们的，形容词修物主代词，所以后面用形容词valuable的名词value，不可数名词，故填because，value。 （2）句意：传真的科技在19世纪被发明。invent发明，实义动词，主语technology是动作invent的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语technology是不可数名词，所以用was，invent的过去分词是invented，故填was invented。

（3）句意：1843年，亚历山大贝恩发明了一种电子传输文字的机器。electrical电子的，形容词，副词修饰实义动词，transmit传输，实义动词，所以用副词electrically，电子地，故填electrically。

（4）句意：起初，它被认为是无用的，因为很少有人认为有必要通过电线传输文字。be considere形容词，表示被认为怎么样，固定搭配，根据后文可知传真的作用后来才被认可，所以起初被认为是无用的，use使用，实义动词，其形容词是useless，无用的；原因是很少人认为有必要，few表示否定，所以用a/any；wire，电线，可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或者one，所以用复数wires，故填useless；a/any；wires。

（5）句意：最终，这项发明的价值得以实现，并被改进为办公用途。为了办公用途才被改进，所以用for，为了，故填for。

（6）句意：到了20世纪80年代，传真机已成为办公室的标准设备。equip，装备，实义动词，形容词修饰名词，standard，标准的，形容词，所以用equip的名词equipment，设备，不可数名词，故填equipment。

（7）句意：原因是它能很快地传送书面文件。the reason is that...，原因是……，固定搭配，故填that。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

20．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。

Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.

One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out ________（play） with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. ________（They） mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn't.

A few days later, Mother brought ________ pet home. \"Can't we each have our own pet dog?\" asked the boys. They were ________（tire） of sharing everything.

\"No! The dog must ________ （share）.\" Mother said. \"You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong.\"

Several days later, the dog got into mother's room ________（secret） and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother's clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him ________ the dog had done.

\"Oh, no! It's our duty to clean up the mess!\" ________（cry） Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.

\"Just think, Jason,\" said Andy, \"what a big mess two ________（dog） would made!\" \"I agree ________ you,\" laughed Jason, \"Maybe sharing isn't so bad!\"

【答案】 to play；Their；a；tired；be shared；secretly；what；cried；dogs；with 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了兄弟两人通过养狗学会了分享。

（1）句意： 一个星期六，杰森和安迪带着一辆玩具车出去玩 。go out to do，固定搭配，出去做某事，故填 to play。

（2）句意： 他们的母亲听到男孩们在争吵。mother是名词，其前是形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their，他们的，故填Their。

（3）句意： 几天后，妈妈带了一只宠物回家。dog是可数名词单数，前面应用冠词限定。pet以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。

（4）句意： 他们厌倦了分享一切。be tired of doing sth.，固定搭配，厌烦做某事，故填 tired。

（5）句意： “不！这只狗必须分享。”母亲说。share与dog是被动关系，must是情态动词，故用must be done，故填 be shared。

（6）句意： 几天后，这只狗悄悄地进入母亲的房间，把那里弄得一团糟。副词修饰动词短语got into，secret的副词是secretly，故填 secretly。

（7）句意： 他很快去找安迪，并告诉他狗做了什么。宾语从句中缺少宾语，故用what指代事或物，故填what。

（8）句意： 哦，不！收拾烂摊子是我们的责任！”安迪喊道。描述过去用一般过去时，cry的过去式是cried，故填 cried。

（9）句意： 两条狗会弄得多糟啊！dog是可数名词，two修饰可数名词复数，故在dog后直接加s，故填dogs。

（10）句意：“我同意你，”杰森大笑说，“或许分享不是那么坏。”agree with sb.，固定搭配，同意某人，故填with。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。