2020-2021学年天水市第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析

解析

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Electric Shocks Can Be Fatal

Government statistics recently showed that in theUK, more than 3,000 people a year experience electric shocks in their homes. A smaller number of people are killed after they touch the power lines outside their homes. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breath to stop and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic techniques to deal with such emergencies.

What to do?

● If you are the first person to reach someone who has an electric shock, don't touch him or her!

● If the victim is still holding the appliance that gives him or her the shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source.Under no circumstances can you try to move the appliance with your hands! ● Ifyou can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.

● The victim must remain lying down. If he or she isunconscious, the victim should be placed on his or her side. But he or she should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is ly necessary.

● It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else. If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸). Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.

● If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater. 1. What kind of passage is it?

A. An advertisement. B. A horror story. C. A news report. D. First aid emergency advice. 2. The underlined sentence implies that ________. A. you should move the appliance

B. you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricity

C. it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your hands D. it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands 3. When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________. A. separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit up B. keep the victim warm and help him or her breathe again

C. move the victim onto his or her side if he or she has got neck injuries D. keep the victim's head high until professional help arrives

B

The idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recentlystruck a chord withmany young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.

Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.

“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”

Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.

“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.” 4. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean? A. Warned. B. Criticized. C. Touched. D. Amused.

5. What might have caused the “lying down” lifestyle among the young? A. Improvements in living conditions.

B. Growing pressure from family and social life. C. Increasing material possessions from families. D. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.

6. What’s the scholar’s attitude toward the “lying down” group? A. Understanding. B. Intolerant. C.Supportive. D. Unclear.

7. What can be inferred about the young generation from the text? A. They never really drop their responsibilities. B. They really enjoy the “lying down” lifestyle. C. They find their dreams far beyond their reach. D. They would rather escape than take challenges.

C

Fairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problem—solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.

The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote” (堂吉诃德). It collects story plotsfrom the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.

The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the store keeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指令), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robotwill learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.

Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It’s a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means. 8. What function do fairy tales perform in the robots? A. They entertain robots. B. They highlight dangers.

C. They make robots more intelligent. D. They enable robots to behave morally. 9. What is “Quixote” in the text? A. A punishment system B. A character in literature C. A big name in technology D. A software educating robots.

10. What does the designer expect robot to do in the experiment? A. To take advantage of its privilege. B. To finish the task most efficiently. C. To perform in a good mannered way. D. To be rewarded by the storekeeper1

11. Which of the follow can bestexpress the author’s opinion? A. Robots will definitely have more functions. B. Robots with human’s emotions are perfect. C. Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary. D. The development of robots is still in a baby step.

D

Thereare two days that set you on your path in life: the day you’re born, and the day you realize why you were born.

Growing up south of Chicago in Harvey, Illinois, most people just had their heads down trying to make it from point A to point B. I was the same way, just going with the flow. I played basketball in high school because I was good at it and because other people thought I should until I discovered my talent.

I give up basketball and started doing speeches. It wasn’t a popular decision but my grandfather told me to do what made me happy. I fell in love with comedy and performing. And when I discovered the passion, I realized why I was born.

I knew I had something to offer —I knew that not only am I powerful, but I can make a difference.

I realized a long time ago that my dream is not to be famous or rich. My talent is to entertain. But it’s more than that. I have the chance to reach people, to brighten days, to bring laughter and positive energy into lives and inspire. And I am grateful forit. Acting putting myself out there and having doors closed on me time and time again has taught me a lot about myself. I have learned to trust what I have to offer the world over momentary doubt. I’ve learned to put my faith over my feelings. And I've grown a tough skin. More importantly, I have learned there is a long way towards our goals and that when we put our talents and passion to work, we determine our value.

Like a lot of places across the country, there’s poverty, crime, violence and unemployment in Harvey. And growing up there, a lot of people have tragically low expectations for life. But I know that with the right opportunity and with help along the way, everyone can find their passion and go after it. My life is proof. 12. What was the author born to do according to the text? A. Be a basketball player. B. Act and perform. C. Make speeches. D. Teach people.

13. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. Chance. B. Energy. C. Days. D. Laughter. 14. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?

A. To help others find their talents. B. To prove his decision was right.

C. To inspire people to follow their dreams. D. To encourage people to set a goal. 15. What can be the best tile for the text?

A. Success Lies in Hard Work. B. How to Achieve the Dream Is Important. C. The Two Important Days in Life. D. The Day I Realized What I Was Born to Do. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 余选项。

As people around me know, I love science very much. Some people don’t quite understand why and they find it strange that some people love science so much. ____16____Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think

about and explore the naturalworld, and many children don’t love science because they are given boring homework.

There is a part of science that isn’t often provided at school. It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way.____17____

What science means to me is not only explaining why things work in a certain way or providing answers for rather simple things, but also it allows my mind to wander(漫游), which helps me a lot.____18____It is as if a flood of images about all sorts of possibilities comes into my mind and I finally choose the right one. Sometimes, when I have truly understood something, the hair on the back of my neck stands up.

I ofteneducate myself on many matters of science, and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works.___19___I am able to really understand the explanation behind things, as well.

___20___There are so many opportunities, so many things unknown, and I want to be a part of it all. It is what makes me happy. To understand it all, to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the world—it is truly exciting. A. Interest is the best teacher.

B. For me, science is how I understand the world. C. I do not only remember the existing knowledge.

D. I think that a large part of it comes with how science is taught at school. E. If students do this often, they may become interested in science step by step. F. It is quite difficult for us to imagine what the world will be like in the future.

G. One of the greatest benefits is when I learn about a complex theory and understand it. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Taking Chances

My mother recently read me a speech, hoping to___21___my endless quest（追求）for answers to everything. Ever since I was very young,___22___of making mistakes, I’ve asked countless times, “What should I do?\" I don't remember clearly when I___23___only to do things the “right\" way. However, sometime during my high school years, I___24___.I decided to act inBeauty and the Beast.Though I had to memorize___25___,I would take the chance that I might___26___. On the day of tryouts（预选）,my hands were___27___badly when I got up to sing. But when I opened my mouth, the sound was loud and___28___. I reached for the high notes that sometimes were___29___my reach. I was trying to do my best even though I might fail.___30___I didn't!

The audition（试镜）was an___31___part of the process. I realized if I wanted to live life to the fullest, I had to take___32___. Now, I do take these chances every day: voicing my opinions in class discussions or debates,___33___for a high note in church choir, etc.

Three years ago, I broke my back. The___34___meant I couldn't try out for my favorite basketball. And, the day I___35___out for track was the first day my doctor allowed me to exercise. I started running with my mom, because I didn't___36___the track team.

I have finally learned to___37___myself. And I have come to realize that even though my parents and teachers don't always have the___38___to “What should I do?\is learning to deal with Plan B,\" my mother___40___in her speech. But I now know that the Plan As I make for my life will become easier and easier with every chance.

21. A. satisfy B. seek C. excite D. stand 22. A. aware B. afraid C. certain D. free

23. A. afforded B. agreed C. promised D. decided 24. A. survived B. learned C. changed D. quitted 25. A. lines B. texts C. lessons D. roles 26. A. stay B. leave C. fail D. join

27. A. hurting B. shaking C. suffering D. struggling 28. A. distant B. gentle C. innocent D. powerful 29. A. beyond B. within C. outside D. against 30. A. Otherwise B. Thus C. But D. Therefore

31. A. ordinary B. independent C. additional D. important 32. A. turns B. chances C. measures D. sides 33. A. looking B. waiting C. hoping D. reaching 34. A. injury B. event C. disease D. experience 35. A. worked B. tried C. looked D. held 36. A. make B. admire C. take D. visit 37. A. help B. enjoy C. push D. save 38. A. action B. way C. response D. answer 39. A. teach B. watch C. support D. trust 40. A. planned B. stated C. expected D. discussed

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

The annual Water Splashing Festival of the Dai ethnic minority falls during the New Year celebrations of the Dai Calendar,____41.____(mark) the traditional beginning of the Dai new year. It is the most important festival____42.____(celebrate) by the people in Xishuangbanna. It involves celebrations that include sincere, yet light-hearted____43.____(religion) rituals (仪式).

The festival lasts for three days from April 13. On the first day, a dragon boat race____44.____(hold) on the Lancang River to ring out the old year. At night, the banks of the river are____45.____(color1 ful) lighted, and locals float river lanterns on the river. Floating river lanterns is____46.____old tradition in China,____47.____is still preserved in many cities today.

The third day, which people attach great____48.____(important) to, is reserved for water splashing. All the Dai people wearing____49.____(they) festive costumes go to temple to wash the Buddha with clear water. Then they express sincere blessings by splashing water to each other. People are pleased_____50._____being poured water which means blessings.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.下面每个句子都只有一处错误.每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。多改或不按格式要求改不得分。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧,）并在其下面写出该词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 Last month we bought some new equipments for the labs.

Tom failed his exams last termand from then on his parents have stopped him from playing computer games. At the festival, have fun means eating and dressing up. It is typical for her to help the people in need. The study was conducted overaperiod of decade.

Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with business taken advantage of the celebrations Thestaffsinthis shopare veryhelpful.

China is the first developing country send man-made spaceship into the space.

Lin Qiaozhi was named a chief resident physician, a position where usually took four years to achieve. Paint in dark color1 s , the room needs some bright lights.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.你班同学集体参加了一次志愿者公益劳动。请你用英语写一篇班级日志,记录本次活动情况。内容包括：

1.劳动的过程； 2.劳动的意义。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参

1. D 2. C 3. B

4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A

8. D 9. D 10. C 11. C

12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D

16. D 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. B

21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. B

41. marking 42. celebrated 43. religious 44. is held 45. color1 fully

46. an 47. which 48. importance

49. their 50. with##at

51.(1). equipments--- equipment (2). 去掉have (3). have---having (4). for---of (5). decade---decades或a∧decade (6). taken---taking (7). staffs—staff

(8). send---to send (9). where---that/which (10). Paint---Painted 52.略