ASTM D814-1995(2010)

StandardTestMethodfor

RubberProperty—VaporTransmissionofVolatileLiquids1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD814;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2D3767PracticeforRubber—MeasurementofDimensions3.SignificanceandUse

3.1Therateoftransmissionofaliquidthrougharubbersheet,thatactsasabarrier,isimportantinrubberdiaphragmperformanceandothersimilarindustrialapplications.Thistransmissionisreferredtoasvaportransmissionsincetheliquiddiffusesthroughtherubberinamolecularsenseandescapesintofreeatmosphereinvaporform.

3.2Thistestmethodisapplicableonlytothematerialsinsheetformofmoderatethicknessandisprincipallyusefulforcomparingtherelativevaportransmissionofdifferentliquidsinthesamerubberorofthesameliquidthroughdifferentrubbers.Comparisonsshouldnotbemadeinwhichbothdifferentrubbersanddifferentliquidsareused.

4.Apparatus

4.1Thetestapparatusshallconsistessentiallyofglassvaportransmissionjars(4.2)foreachliquid,onwhichthetestspecimensaremounted,andasuitablerackforsupportingthejarsinaninvertedpositioninsuchawayastoallowfree

ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD11onRubberandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD11.10onPhysicalTesting.

CurrenteditionapprovedJan.1,2010.PublishedApril2010.Originallyapprovedin1944.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asD814–95(2005).DOI:10.1520/D0814-95R10.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.

112NOTE1—Asuitablevaportransmissionjarmaybepreparedfroma⁄-ptMasonjarequippedwithaKerr-typescrewcap,providedtheedgeofthejarisproperlygroundandfinishedwithfineemeryandthecapiscutwithsmooth,flattenededgestoformtherequiredcircularopening.

4.3DialMicrometer—ThedialmicrometershallconformtotherequirementsofMethodAofPracticeD3767.

4.4Balance—Thebalanceshallbeofsuitablecapacitycapableofweighingto0.005g.

5.TestSpecimen

5.1Thetestspecimensshallconsistofcirculardisks68mm(2.69in.)indiameter,cutwithasharp-edgeddiefromasheetofthematerialbeingtested.Thethicknessofthesheet,whichshallnotexceed3.2mm(0.125in.),shallbemeasuredusingthedialmicrometerdescribedin4.3.

5.2Forevaluatingthevaportransmissionofaparticularliquidwithrespecttoagivenrubber,threespecimenshavingthesamenominalthicknesswithinatoleranceof63%shallbetested.Thevaportransmissionoftheliquidshallbetakenastheaverageofthevaluesobtainedfromthetworubber

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1.1Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementoftherateofvaportransmissionofvolatileliquidsthrougharubbersheet,disk,ordiaphragm.

1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.

1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.

circulationofairoverthesurfaceofthespecimen.Theapparatusshallbekeptinaconstanttemperaturecabinetorroomat2362°C(73.463.6°F).4.2VaporTransmissionJar—Aglassjarofapproximately31236-cm(⁄2-pt)capacitywithanopeningof60.360.4mm

(2.37560.015in.)ininsidediameterandawall3.2mm(0.125in.)inthicknessattheopening,whichshallbegroundflatwithoutroundededgestoasmoothground-glassfinishatthecontactsurface.Theopeningshallbeequippedwithametalscrewringclampholdingasmooth-edged,flat,sheet-metalring55.660.4mm(2.18860.015in.)ininsidediameterandapproximately68.3mm(2.69in.)inoutsidediameter.Theringclampandringserveasaclampingdeviceforholdingthespecimenagainsttheground-glass-edgeofthejarwithacircularspecimenarea55.6mm(2.188in.)indiameterexposedtotheairwhilepermittingthescrewclamptobetightenedtoformaleak-proofsealwithoutsubjectingthespecimentotorsionalstrain.Whentestingextensiblematerials,acirculardiskof16to20-meshscreenshallbeplacedinsidethescrewringclampbetweenitandtheflatmetalringtopreventstretchingofthespecimenduringthetest.Thescreendiskmaybesolderedinplaceontopofthesheetmetalringifdesired.

D814–95(2010)

specimensgivingthelowestresults,providingthesecheckwithin620%oftheaveragesodetermined.

6.Procedure

6.1Withthevaportransmissionjarinanuprightposition,place200cm3ofthetestliquidinit,afterwhichfitthetestspecimenoverthemouthofthejar,placetheringandwirescreeninposition,andscrewdownthescrewringclamplightly.Holdtheassemblyintheconstanttemperaturecabinetorroomat2362°C(73.463.6°F)withthetestdisklightlyinplaceuntiltemperatureequilibriumisobtained.Thenscrewdowntheringtightlyandallowtheassemblytostandinanuprightpositionfor2h.Makeatareassemblyusingaduplicatejarandatestspecimenofthesamesizebutwithouttheadditionofthetestliquid.Placesuitableweightingmaterialsuchasleadshotinthetarejartobringitsmasstoapproxi-matelythatoftheassembledjarandcontents.Conditionthetarejaratthetesttemperature,sealit,andhandlethroughoutthetestinamannersimilartothatusedforthetestjar.Placethetestjaronabalanceofsuitablecapacitycapableofweighingto0.005g,andcounterbalanceitagainstthetarejar,addingweightsasrequiredforequilibrium.Taketheoriginalmassofthetestassemblyasthatofthetarecorrectedfortheaddedweightsandrecordtothenearest0.005g.

6.2Afterweighing,inverteachtestjarassemblyandplaceontherack,supportingeachinsuchawaythattheentireinnersurfaceofthespecimenremainsincontactwiththeliquidthroughoutthetest.Iftherackislocatedinaconditioningcabinet,takecaretoremovediffusedvaporsfromthechamberandtoassurefreecirculationoffreshairbymeansofafanorothersuitabledevice.Twenty-fourhoursafterinvertingthejar,againweighitagainstthetarejar.Anyexcessivelossofmassindicatesthatleakageduetoimpropersealisoccurring.

Removesuchtestassembliesandreplacethembynewassembliesproperlyprepared.Returnthetestassemblytotherackandreweighagainstthetareafterperiodsof12062hand19262hfromtheinitialinversion.Considerthedifferenceinmassbetweenthoseobtainedat120h(5days)andat192h(8days)dividedby3astheaveragemassofliquidlostper24h.

NOTE2—Inthistest,thespecimensareallowedtoremainincontactwiththeliquidfor5daysbeforestartingmeasurementofthelossinordertopermittherateofdiffusionoftheliquidtobecomeuniform.

7.Calculation

7.1Expressthevaportransmissionrate(VTR)ofeachtestliquidwithrespecttotherubberemployedandcalculateasfollows:

Vaportransmissionrate~VTR!,mg/~s·m2!.773averagemassingramsofliquidlostper24h

(1)

8.Report

8.1Thereportshallincludethefollowing:8.1.1Identificationofthetestrubber,

8.1.2Thicknessofthetestrubbertothenearest0.025mm(0.001in.),

8.1.3Identificationofthetestliquid,and

8.1.4Vaportransmissionrate(VTR)oftheliquid,expressedinmilligramspersecondpersquaremetreofwettedarea.9.Precision

9.1Duetoalackoflaboratorieswillingtoparticipateinround-robintesting,noprecisiondataareavailableforthistestmethod.

10.Keywords

10.1vaportransmission;volatileliquids

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