话题4 自然环保-2020-2021学年高一英语阅读技能提升专练(通用版)

高一英语阅读技能提升专练 （通用版）

话题4-自然环保

一、阅读理解

A

A walker seriously injured in a mountain-top lightning strike which killed two others is showing signs of improvement, the police have said. A major rescue operation was performed on Sunday following two strikes which hit the Brecon Beacons, South Wales. Two men died, while two others were taken to hospital.

A police spokeswoman said, “A man in a serious condition in hospital, following simultaneous (同时发生的) incidents in the Brecon Beacons, has now improved and he is recovering. Officers are continuing to get in touch with the next of relatives of the dead men and enquiries are ongoing. All men were believed to be from England.”

Mark Jones, of the Brecon Mountain Rescue Team, described the lightning strike as a freak accident, and something he had not been called out to in 30 years of service.

The walking group Ramblers Cymru said that while incidents involving thunder and lightning were rare, electrical storms should be taken seriously by walkers.

The organisation's delivery officer, Elly Hannigan Popp, said, \"We'd advise everyone to check the weather forecast before starting a walk. If you hear thunder, see lightning or if your hair stands on end, postpone activities even if the sky looks blue and clear. Lightning will strike as far as 10 miles away from any rainfall. Lightning can strike the same place repeatedly — especially tall, pointed, isolated objects.\"

\"If there is no shelter you should keep moving. And if you become the tallest object, crouch (蹲) in the open twice as far away from the nearest pointed object as it is tall. Make yourself as small as possible, stay on your toes and keep your heels together, as it will allow electricity to go up one foot, through the heels and back into the ground through the other.\"

（1）What can we learn about the victims of the incident? A.Both of the injured men are recovering slowly. B.The bodies of the two men haven't been found. C.The four men involved may be from the same country.

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D.The police cannot contact the two dead men's relatives.

（2）Why did the author quote the police spokeswoman in Paragraph 2? A.Because the accident is very serious. B.To announce where the victims come from. C.Because the police are looking into the accident. D.To tell the readers some facts of the incident.

（3）What's the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3? A.Unusual. B.Regular. C.Unimportant. D.Frightening. （4）What do the last two paragraphs tell us? A.Harm done by lightning. B.Warnings from a delivery officer. C.First aid in a lightning incident. D.Safety tips on a lightning strike.

B

Panama City, Panama

For beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, stargazing (天体观察) and Spanish lessons. Jupiter, Florida

This place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga. San Diego, California

The West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo. Kihei, Hawaii

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For west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.

（1）Which of the following charges you least a night? A.The Westin Playa Bonita. B.Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa. C.The Kona Kai Resort & Spa. D.The Aston at the Maui Banyan.

（2）What can you do at the Aston at the Maui Banyan? A.Admire beautiful sunsets. B.Visit a world-famous zoo. C.Observe fantastic stars. D.Play some beach sports.

（3）What is the common feature of the four destinations? A.They all offer rooms with a full kitchen. B.They are all intended for family trips. C.They all pick up visitors from the airport. D.They all provide bike riding on the beach.

C

The McDonald family from Glasgow, Scotland, were on holiday in Western Australia when their vehicle broke down in a desert area ninety miles north of the town of Laverton. This happened on a Tuesday, and the McDonalds were expected to arrive in the city of Kalgoorlie on Wednesday evening. When they did not show up, Mrs McDonald's brother told the local police.

A spokesperson from the rescue team that discovered the McDonalds' vehicle said that the family planned carefully for their desert trip. They knew that they needed to stay with their vehicle instead of setting out to seek help, and they did the right thing by lighting a fire as a signal to attract attention. When it comes to making a desert trip, the spokesperson also suggested bringing warm clothing for the cold nights and light clothing, hats, and sunscreen for the hot days. Besides, travelers should have a

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well-stocked survival kit (装备) including a first-aid kit, map, matches or lighter, and a knife. They should also make sure to pack plenty of food and water, spare tires (轮胎), and fuel. The spokesperson's final suggestion was to tell a friend or family member about your travel plans.

After the unpleasant experience, John McDonald told reporters that he had read quite a lot about desert survival before coming to Australia. He knew that if they had tried to walk to the nearest town, they would not have been able to carry enough water and that they had to cut down on what they ate, because digestion requires a great deal of water.

Mr McDonald said he was extremely happy to see the rescue team and thankful that his family had survived. When asked what advice he could share with other possible desert travelers, Mr McDonald said, “Don't panic. Stay where you are and wait to be rescued. ” This trip through the Australian desert is one vacation the McDonald family will never forget!

（1）Where was the McDonald family on Tuesday? A.In an Australian desert. B.In the city of Kalgoorlie. C.At a local police station. D.At the town of Laverton.

（2）What did the McDonald family do when their car broke down? A.They set out to ask for help. B.They walked to the nearest town.

C.They sent out a signal and waited for rescue. D.They lit a fire to keep themselves warm.

（3）In Paragraph 3, the spokesperson mainly ________. A.gave tourists tips on visiting Western Australia B.provided details on how to prepare for desert travel C.gave instructions on surviving in terrible conditions D.described how the McDonald family survived in the desert

（4）What is John McDonald's suggestion on a desert trip? A.Prepare a special vehicle for it. B.Never try to make a desert trip alone.

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C.Try to cross a desert in a suitable season. D.Stay calm if you are trapped in the desert. 二、完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 19, an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, 1 that the building was 2 . After the unforgettably initial shock, he 3 the promise he had made to his son: \"No matter 4 , I'll always be there for you!\" And tears began to 5 his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his 6 to his son. He rushed there and started 7 the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, 8 : \"It's too late! They're all dead! 9 , face reality, there's nothing you can do!\" To each parent he responded with 10 : \"Are you going to help me now?\" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone.

Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know 11 : \"Is my boy 12 or is he dead? \"He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in 13 hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's 14 . He screamed his son's name, \"ARMAND!\" He heard back, \"Dad! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you 15 me and 16

you saved me, they'd

be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you! 'You did it, Dad!\" \"What's going on in there?\" the father asked.

\"There are 14 of us 17 18 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made 19 , and it saved us\". \"Come out, boy!\"

\"No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, 20 I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!\" 1. A. only finding

B. only to find

C. only realizing

D. only to realize

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2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain C. as strong as an ox D. as weak as a kitten 3. A. memorized 4. A. what 5. A. fill 6. A. picture 7. A. digging 8. A. to say 9. A. Come out 10. A. one word 11. A. for himself 12. A. live 13. A. 38 14. A. sound 15. A. will save 16. A. when 17. A. remained 18. A. for 19. A. a promise 20. A. because 三、语法填空

After the tsunami (海啸) hit India, many people who lived near the sea were greatly influenced. A lot of people lost their homes and ________ (unfortunate) some even lost their lives.

College girls ________ (ask) to collect money from their neighborhood. So we formed a group and devoted ________ (we) to collecting money for the tsunami relief fund (救济金).In our area, we showed a sign board, which read, \"Please help the sufferers,\" to the people in the neighborhood and asked for ________ (they) help. They donated money, dress, rice, medicine ________ anything else useful.

A small boy who was on the way to his school came running to us and asked us ________ (wait) there for some time. After 5 minutes he ran to us with ________ small savings box. It was a plastic box which

B. forgot B. what happen B. fill in B. promise B. digging through B. said B. Come again B. one sound B. of himself B. living B. the 38 B. voice B. would save B. because B. missing B. behind B. space B. though

C. kept C. which C. come C. present C. digging out C. and saying C. Come on C. one row C. by himself C. alive C. 38th C. noise C. save C. even if C. left C. out of C. room C. when

D. remembered D. who D. burst D. encourage D. digging into D. saying D. Come off D. one line D. to himself D. lively D. the 38th D. tone

D. would have saved D. though D. gone D. over D. a triangle D. even though

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there ________ (be) many coins inside. He said he got the little box from his granny as a birthday gift ________ saving coins. And he wanted it to be donated for the fund. It was the real greatest offering of ________ (kind) collected by us. What a lovely boy and what a big heart!

答案

一、

A

【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）D

【解析】本文是一篇报道，在南威尔士的Brecon Beacons, 闪电击中了四人，导致两人死亡，两人受伤。文中Elly Hannigan Popp提出了在雷电天气中的一些安全措施。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“All men were believed to be from England.”可知，这四个人很可能来自同一个国家。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。作者在第二段中提到警方发言人并引用她的话，通过发散思维可以推断其目的是告诉读者与此事件相关的一些事实。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“something he had not been called out to in 30 years of service”可知，在南威尔士的Brecon Beacons，闪电击中人的事件不常见。故选A。

（4）考查段落大意。通读最后两段的内容并根据其中的关键词“advise”总体概括可知，最后两段主要讲述的是在雷电天气中的安全防范措施，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

B

【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B

【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅游观光的好地方，这四个地方各具特色，都非常值得一

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游。

（1）考查 细节理解。通读全文可知，四个酒店每晚的房价分别为：$222起、$207起、$159起和$179，由此可知，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Kihei, Hawaii部分中的“Here, you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life”可知，游客在这里可以欣赏美丽的日落。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Panama City，Panama部分中的“invite you and your family”；Jupiter, Florida部分中的“with rates for a family of four”；San Diego, California部分中的“Here, a family of four”以及Kihei, Hawaii部分中的“Here, you'll witness . . . your kids play in the Pacific. ”可知，这四个旅游观光地都适合家庭旅游，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

C

【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）B （4）D

【解析】本文讲述McDonald一家在澳大利亚西部度假的遭遇。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“… their vehicle broke down in a desert area ninety miles north of the town of Laverton. This happened on a Tuesday...”可知, 周二的时候McDonald一家正被困在澳大利亚的一个沙漠里。故答案为A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“stay with their vehicle”和“they did the right thing by lighting a fire as a signal to attract attention”可知, 当车在沙漠抛锚后, McDonald一家发出了求救信号并在原地等待救援。故答案为C。

（3）段落大意题。根据第三段中的“When it comes to making a desert trip, the spokesperson also suggested…Besides, travelers should…The spokesperson's final suggestion was to...”可知, 发言人在第三段主要谈到准备沙漠旅行的细节问题。故答案为B。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段中Mr McDonald说的“Don't panic. Stay where you are and wait to be rescued. ”可知, 他建议如果被困在沙漠一定不要惊慌失措, 要保持镇定。故答案为D。

【点评】本文是一篇记叙文，文中涉及的段落大意题是常考点，做此类题要“首尾兼顾”定选项，即，

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①每个段落通常都有一个中心, 段落中心通常会在段首句体现出来。有些采用归纳法的段落, 细节表述在前, 归纳概括在后, 段落中心会在段尾句体现。②注意某些段落没有明显的段落中心, 需根据段落内容概括出中心。 二、

【答案】 （1）B；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）C；（13）D；（14）B；（15）B；（16）A；（17）C；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A；

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在一次地震中，一个父亲信守对儿子的承诺，不顾别人的反对，用双手刨开废墟，救出自己儿子的故事。

（1）考查非谓语动词。only to do sth．\"结果却，不料\"，作结果状语，表示该结果在主语的预料之外，故选B。

（2）考查固定短语。根据上文“an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America”可知\"像煎饼一样扁平\"．故选A。

（3）考查动词。A：memorized“背诵，熟记”；B：forgot“忘记”；C：kept“维持”；D：remembered“记住”。 从意义上判断，\"他想起了他曾对他儿子许下的诺言\"，故选D．

（4） 考查状语从句。从结构上分析，该句是省略了谓语动词的省略句，省略谓语之后，意义仍然清楚，如不省略动词，则使用第三人称单数happens．从意义上分析，可排除C、D项．故选A。 （5）考查动词（短语）。A：fill“填充”；B：fill in“填写”；C：come“来”；D：burst “爆发”。表示\"流泪\"，其表现形式分别为Tears fill his eyes；Tearscome into his eyes；He bursts into tears．故选A。 （6）考查名词。A：picture“图画，照片”；B：promise“承诺，诺言”；C：present“礼物”；D：encourage “鼓励”。根据上下文意义判断，\"他不停地想起他对他儿子许下的诺言\"． 故选B。

（7）考查动词（短语）。句意：他冲过去，开始在废墟中挖掘。A：digging\"掘（土），挖\"；B：digging through\"（为找…）在…里挖掘\"；C：digging out\"发掘出\"；D：digging into\"钻研\"。 故选B。 （8）考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在挖的时候，其他无助的家长来了，说，......。根据结构上分析，应该用现在分词作伴随状语，用and则表示并列，用said．故选D。

（9）考查动词短语。句意：太晚了！他们都死了！来吧，面对现实吧，你什么也做不了！A：Come out“出现，出版，结果是”；B：Come again“回来，重新赶上去”；C：Come on表示劝说，不耐烦，意为\"得啦！，来！\"；D：Come off “举行，成功，表现，脱离”。故选C。

（10）考查名词。从词义上判断one line\"一句话（台词）\"，A项中的one word干扰性较大，它表

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示\"一个词\"，如用words 是正确的．故选D。

（11） 考查介词短语。句意：他很勇敢地独自行动，因为他了解自己。A：for himself“独自地，亲自”；B：of himself“自行地，自动地”；C：by himself“单独地”；D：to himself“ 对（着）自己”。故选A。

（12）考查形容词。这四个词都有\"活着的\"之意，live仅用作定语，作表语用living，alive．living和alive在意义上有细微差别，living可作定语和表语，含有\"本以为死了，然而还活着\"，又如：I can't believe my firstteacher is still living．alive作表语和后置定语，其含义与dead相对应．lively\"生动的，活跃的\"．故选C。

（13）考查数词。\"在第38小时的时候，…\"，序数词之前要用定冠词．故选D。

（14）考查名词。句意：他拔出一块大石头，听到儿子的声音。A：sound\"（各种）声音\"；B：voice（人们说话的）嗓音；C：noise\"（不悦耳的）嘈音\"；D：tone “（人们说话的）语气，语调\"． 故选B。

（15）考查虚拟语气。这是表将来的虚拟语气，主句中用would+动词原形，从下文的句子中也能找到类似的句子． 故选B。

（16） 考查状语从句。从意义上判断，\"如果你来救我，他们也会得救．\"是条件状语从句，应该用if 引导，然而选项中没有if，when与if同义，引导条件状语从句．even if 引导让步状语从句．故选A。

（17）考查动词。A：remained“保留”；B：missing“丢失”；C：left“被留下”；D：gone“消失”。 此题包含一个固定句型：There are …Left/remaining．\"还有…剩余下来\"．故选C。

（18） 连词介词。14 …out of 33 意为：33人中有14人活下来．out of\"从…里面\"．特别注意此题中的介词与前面的left没有任何联系．如果没有意识到这点，极可能会选错，故选C。

（19）考查名词。从意义上判断，\"房屋倒塌时，自然形成的三角空隙\"．而make room； make space 意为\"（有意识地）为（某人，某物）…腾出空间\"．make room for me，please．故选D．

（20）考查状语从句。根据上下文意义判断，此句为原因状语从句． No matter what happens，I know you'llalways be there for me!不管发生什么事，我知道你总会在我身边．故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，动词，名词，形容词，虚拟语气，状语从句，数词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。 三、

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【答案】 unfortunately；were asked；ourselves；their；or；to wait；a；were；for；kindness 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在印度海啸之后，从事志愿者为灾区募捐发生的一件事情，一个只有几岁的小男孩把自己存的钱都捐赠给了灾区。

（1）考查副词。句意：很多人失去家园，不幸的是，一些人甚至失去生命。本句需用副词作评注性状语。故填unfortunately。

（2）考查时态语态。句意：大学女生被要求在当地的社区为海啸筹集资金。ask与主语是动宾关系，且这件事情发生在过去。故用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were asked。

（3）考查代词。句意：因此我们形成了一个小组，为海啸救济金筹集资金。devote oneself to doing sth.固定短语，“致力于某事”。故填ourselves。

（4）考查代词。修饰名词应当用形容词性物主代词，故填their。

（5）考查连词。句意：他们捐赠了钱、衣物、大米、医药或者其他有用的东西。 前后的词组成分相同，属于选择逻辑关系。故用连词or，故填or。

（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：一个正要上学的小男孩朝我们跑过来，叫我们等一会。 ask sb. to do sth.固定短语，“要求某人做某事”。故填to wait。

（7）考查冠词。句意：五分钟后，他跑过来，拿着一个小的储物箱。分析句子，第一次提及savings box。故用不定冠词a，故填a。

（8）考查时态。句意：这是一个塑料箱，里面有很多硬币。此句为there be句型，主语为coins。故谓语动词用复数形式，故填were。

（9）考查介词。句意：他说这个小盒子是奶奶给他的生日礼物，存钱用。 本空需用介词，结合句子可知，盒子的用途在于存钱。故用介词for，故填for。

（10）考查名词。句意：这是我们筹集到的最伟大的善意捐赠。本空需用名词作宾语，结合提示词。故填kindness。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词，时态语态，代词，连词，非谓语动词，冠词，介词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。