ASTM E438-92(2001)e1 实验室用玻璃器皿

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Designation:E438–92(Reapproved2001)e1StandardSpecificationfor

GlassesinLaboratoryApparatus1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE438;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

e1NOTE—KeywordswereaddededitoriallyOctober2001.

1.Scope

1.1Thisspecificationcoverstheglassescommonlyusedtomanufacturelaboratoryglassapparatus.

2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:

C225TestMethodsforResistanceofGlassContainerstoChemicalAttack2C338TestMethodforSofteningPointofGlass2C598TestMethodforAnnealingPointandStrainPointofGlassbyBeamBending2C693TestMethodforDensityofGlassbyBuoyancy2C729TestMethodforDensityofGlassbytheSink-FloatComparator2E228TestMethodforLinearThermalExpansionofSolidMaterialswithaVitreousSilicaDilatometer33.Classification

3.1Threetypesareincluded,asfollows:

3.1.1TypeI,ClassA—Alow-expansionborosilicateglass.3.1.2TypeI,ClassB—Analumino-borosilicateglass.3.1.3TypeII—Asoda-limeglass.

4.ChemicalRequirements

4.1TheTypeI,ClassAandBglassesshallhavethemajorconstituentsandcomplywiththerestrictionsontraceconstitu-entsgiveninTable1.Themajorconstituentswillbevariedtomaintainthephysicalrequirementsasshown.

4.2SuitableTypeIIglassesmayvarysomewhatinchemicalcompositionandstillmeetessentialphysicalrequirements.TwosuchcompositionsareshowninTable2;botharereadilyavailableandareusedforlaboratoryapparatus.

TABLE1ChemicalRequirementsofTypeIGlasses

TypeI,ClassA,weight%

Majorconstituents,approximate:SiO2B2O3Al2O3BaOCaONa2OK2O

Traceconstituents,max:As2O2plusSb2O3PbOMgOZnOCaOK2O

Allotherconstituents,max

ATypeI,ClassB,

weight%731070–2161

0.10.10.30.1

seeaboveseeabove1.0

81132

seebelowseebelow4

seebelow0.0050.10.10.10.10.75A0.2

Eachmanufacturermustpublishthemaximumpercentageinhisglassbecausecertainlimitedapplicationsrequirealevelunder0.1%.

5.PhysicalRequirements

5.1Thephysicalrequirementsforglassesshallbeaspre-scribedinTable3.ThetoleranceslistedinTable3mustbeonthepublishedvaluesofthemanufacturer’sspecificglasscompositions.

6.Keywords

6.1glasses;laboratory

TABLE2ChemicalRequirementsofTypeIIGlasses

CompositionA,weight%

Majorconstituents,approximate:SiO2B2O3Al2O3BaOCaOMgONa2OK2O

Traceconstituents,max:As2O3+Sb2O3PbO

Allotherconstituents,max

682321510.10.11.0

CompositionB,weight%

72...2...1610.10.11.0

ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE41onLaboratoryApparatusandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE41.01onGlassApparatus.

CurrenteditionapprovedAugust15,1993.PublishedNovember1993.Origi-nallypublishedasE438–71.LastpreviouseditionE438–90.2AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol15.02.3AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol14.02.

1Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.

1

TABLE3PhysicalRequirements

NOTE1—Valuesinparenthesesarethepermissiblerangesofnominalvaluesandthetolerancesshownarepermittedonthenominalspublishedbyeachmanufacturer.

Property

Linearcoefficientofexpansion,0to300°C,cm/cm·°C310−7Annealingpoint,°CSofteningpoint,°CDensity,annealed,g/cm3Chemicaldurability,titrationequivalentof:0.02NH2SO4/10gofglass,max,ml

ATypeI,ClassA(32–33)61.5560610

(815–820)610

(2.23–2.24)60.021.0

TypeI,ClassB(48–56)62574610

(783–799)610

(2.33–2.36)60.021.0

TypeIIGlass(90–93)62

(520–0)610

(700–720)610

(2.47–2.53)60.029.5

ASTMTestMethodE228C598C338C729AC225(MethodP-W)

SeeDay,R.K.,GlassResearchMethods,IndustrialPublications,Inc.,Chicago,IL,1953,pp.98–100.

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